Download Chapter 26 Notes

BIOLV01
Algiers, K.
Chapter 26 Notes
Ecology Population Growth & Regulation
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___________________ Islands
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/easter/index.html
Ecology
“______________________ (Greek)
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study of interrelationships between ___________________ things and their ___________________
environment
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_________________All the members of the same species living in a geog. area
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_________________Assemblage of populations of different species in a particular geographical area
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_________________Also includes the biotic & abiotic factors in an area
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_________________the global system-sum of all the planet’s ecosystems
Population ______________
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Size of a population can _______________in response to environmental ______________
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Factors
Population Size – Two __________________________
____________________
Theoretical max.
rate at which a
population can increase
______________________
Factors preventing maximum
growth potential
ex:
These two forces __________________ the population size
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BIOLV01
Algiers, K.
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Biotic Potential Can Produce ________________________ Growth
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As a result of natural selection, all organisms have evolved the capacity to reproduce
____________________ during their lifetime
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Can rapidly increase if environmental resistance is ___________________
R
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=
b
-
d
(grow rate)
(birth rate)
(death rate)
___%
___%
____%
___%
___%
____%
How is Population Growth Regulated?
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Natural pops. ___________________ in growth rate, ___________________ when environ. forces
allow them
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________________________ (J-Curve)
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a __________________________ accelerating increase in a population size
Ex: Fig 26.2 Golden Eagle Hatchlings
Ex: Fig 26.3 Bacteria
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Algiers, K.
______________________________________
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Exponential growth followed by a ____________, massive ____________
Ex: Fig 26-4 Photosynthetic Bacteria
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_____________________ Population Growth (S-curve)
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Population ______________ up to a maximum number that the environment can sustain, then
___________________
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Stabilizes at _____________________________
Ex: Fig 26-6; 26-8: Barnacles
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BIOLV01
Algiers, K.
What happens if you exceed carrying capacity?
Ex: Fig 26-7: Reindeer
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Natural conditions maintain population at or _______________ carrying capacity
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If ________________ do not interfere
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Many _______________ generate environmental resistance
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__________________________factors
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Limit pop. size ___________________ of the pop. density
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Climate: freeze in winter, floods, drought, fire
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Ex: Small, short lived annuals may be killed each winter before ever reach carrying capacity
_________________________ factors
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Ex: ________________________ in a dense population
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Factors that affect pop. with high density
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______________, ______________, ______________ control density
Predators Control Population Size
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Removing or introduction of a predator can _____________ an entire community
http://chil.vcoe.org/eagle_cam.htm (know the Island Fox story)
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BIOLV01

Algiers, K.
How is the Human Population Changing?
Fig 26-16
www.ibiblio.org/lunarbin/worldpop
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__________________
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__________________ & __________________
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__________________ & __________________ Advances
We have _____________________ some pressures from environmental resistance
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Trends in Human Population Size
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Human population growth is ____________________ distributed
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Developed Countries
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_____________________________________________________
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_____________ standard of living, ______________, technology, contraceptives,
______________________ for both sex
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20% of world’s population
Developing Countries
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_____________________________________________
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_______________ the above advantages
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Fig 26-18 Historical and projected world population
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Fig 26-19 Age structure diagrams
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Fig 26-20 Age structure diagrams of developed/developing countries
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Fig 26-21 Population change by world regions
READ Earth Watch P 504-505
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Amount of resources we need for humans is ____________________ the earth’s limits
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____________ of commercial ocean fish pop. Is used & overfished
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Much of our agriculture land is suffering from _________________
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________________ million people lack adequate food
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Many people lack of __________________, __________________, ____________________
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____________________ & ____________________ are a large threat
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 The __________________ Mass Extinction
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Algiers, K.
As __________________ Population increases, __________________ of other species also increases
It’s estimated that in 2008, we consumed __________________ of the resources that were sustainably
available
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_____________________________ - amount of resources needed to sustain the demands of an average
person
Myfootprint.org website
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What else can I do?
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Myfootprint.org
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The future of life by Edward O. Wilson
Key Terms to Define from Chapter 26
1. abiotic
2. biotic
3. biotic potential
4. birth rate
5. boom-and-bust cycle
6. carrying capacity
7. clumped distribution
8. community
9. competition
10. death rate
11. density-dependent
12. density-independent
13. ecological footprint
14. ecology
15. ecosystem
16. emigratrion
17. environmental resistance
18. exponential growth
19. growth rate
20. host immigration
21. interspecific competition
22. intraspecific competition
23. J-curve
24. Logistic population growth
25. Parasite
26. Predator
27. population
28. predator
29. prey
30. random distribution
31. S-curve
32. uniform distribution
Fill in the blanks
Review Questions 1, 3, 4, 5, 6
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