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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
“Adore the king . . . living forever, in your innermost parts. . . He is Re [the sun], by whose rays one sees,
for he is one who illumines the Two Lands [Upper and Lower Egypt] more than the sun disk. He is one
who makes [the land] green.”
—Loyalty instructions from the Sehetepibre Stela
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1. The passage from the Sehetepibre Stela illustrates that Egyptians believed
a. individuals could have a personal relationship with the gods.
b. agriculture required scientific management.
c. the pharaoh was a god.
d. rule should pass from a father to his son.
2. What was the purpose of the Egyptian bureaucracy?
a. to ensure common people worshipped the pharaoh
b. to keep the kingdom running smoothly and efficiently
c. to collect bribes, bounties, and a cut of taxes to get wealthy
d. to control the flooding of the Nile River
3. Why did pharaohs of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom improve defenses along the Nile?
a. to protect trade routes
b. to defend against nobles from the Old Kingdom
c. to fight the Phoenicians
d. to restore stability to Egypt
4. Why did pharaohs of the Egyptian New Kingdom build a strong military?
a. to protect trade routes
b. to protect Egypt against invasion
c. to defend against nobles from the Middle Kingdom
d. to restore stability to Egypt
5. Egypt became monotheistic during the reign of
a. Menes.
c. Hatshepsut.
b. Tut.
d. Akhenaten.
6. Why did Egypt decline following the reign of Ramses?
a. the extravagance of Ramses the Great
b. conflict with the Sea Peoples and power struggles among priests and nobles
c. the invasion of the Hyksos
d. the invasion of the Hittites
7. Which of the following restored the worship of traditional gods?
a. Ramses II
c. Akhenaten
b. Tut
d. Hatshepsut
8. Which of the following organs was left in the body when mummifying it?
a. the heart
c. the liver
b. the brain
d. the lungs
9. Why did Egyptians bury possessions with their dead?
a. so the ka would recognize its body
b. to display the family’s wealth and privilege
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c. to sustain the ka in the afterlife
d. because inheritance was unknown in Egypt
Egyptians were interested in math and science because
a. their religion revolved around numerical patterns.
b. they longed to understand how the world worked.
c. they became intrigued by the writing of the ancient Greeks.
d. they wanted to use them to improve their lives.
Egyptian statues were often
a. detailed and unique.
c. displayed in private homes.
b. large and imposing.
d. models for paintings.
Nubia’s economy differed from Egypt’s in that it
a. had great mineral wealth but lacked Egypt’s rich farmland.
b. had rich farmland but lacked Egypt’s great mineral wealth.
c. remained closed to trade with other societies.
d. did not depend on the Nile.
Where was the region of Nubia?
a. south of Egypt
c. west of Egypt
b. north of Egypt
d. in Southeast Asia
What funded building projects in Meroë?
a. tribute forced from conquered peoples
c. trade in iron products
b. trade in gold
d. agriculture
Which of the following was one factor in the decline of Meroë?
a. an extended drought
c. Egypt’s invasion of the kingdom
b. depletion of iron ore reserves
d. destruction of Nubia’s forests
What ended the Kushite rule of Egypt?
a. the invasion of the Hyksos
b. the invasion of the Assyrians
c. a decline in trade caused by increased competition and warfare
d. the end of the ice ages
In general, the extremities of the inhabited world, which lies alongside the part of the earth that is not
temperate and habitable, because of heat or cold, must needs be defective and inferior to the temperate
part; and this is clear from the modes of life of the inhabitants and from their lack of human necessities.
They indeed live a hard life, go almost naked, and are nomads: and their domestic animals—sheep,
goats, and cattle—are small; and their dogs are small though rough and pugnacious. . . The [Nubians]
live on millet and barley, from which they also make a drink; but instead of olive oil they have butter and
tallow.
—Strabo, Geography
____ 17. Read the excerpt from Strabo. It can be inferred that Strabo believed that the inhabitants of Nubia
a. were master traders.
c. were somewhat primitive.
b. possessed great wealth.
d. were always cold.
____ 18. Read the excerpt from Strabo. It can be inferred that Strabo believed which of the following about Nubians?
a. Nubians lived in a temperate and habitable region.
b. Nubians lived in an inferior region.
c. Nubians had a sophisticated lifestyle.
d. Nubians had an easy life.
____ 19. Why was Nubia’s location a valuable resource?
a. It was located on a rare oasis in the Sahara Desert.
b. The mountainous terrain protected it from invasion throughout its history.
c. Its location on the Mediterranean Sea fostered its seafaring industry.
d. It lay on busy trade routes between central Africa, Egypt, and the Red Sea.
____ 20. Why did pharaohs have absolute power in Egypt?
a. Pharaohs ruled the country using terror.
b. Egyptians believed the pharaoh was a god in human form.
c. The kingdom was small enough for one man to exercise complete control.
d. Egyptians believed the pharaoh received instructions directly from the vizier.
____ 21. What important change occurred in Egypt when Akhenaten became pharaoh?
a. Most Egyptians worshipped the Hittite gods.
b. Egypt became monotheistic.
c. Most Egyptians converted to Judaism.
d. Egypt became polytheistic.
____ 22. Egyptians practiced mummification in order to
a. keep the ka from vanishing.
c. show their respect to pharaohs.
b. preserve the body for resurrection.
d. find cures for common diseases.
____ 23. Objects were buried with Egyptian mummies in order to
a. buy the person’s entry into heaven.
c. display wealth.
b. keep the gods happy.
d. serve the ka.
____ 24. An Egyptian scribe quickly producing business documents would most likely use which form of writing?
a. hieroglyphics
c. cuneiform
b. demotic
d. hieratic
____ 25. Due to his political achievements and artistic legacy, no other pharaoh is as remembered or admired as
a. Hatshepsut.
c. Menes.
b. Piankhi.
d. Ramses.
____ 26. What were key differences between the Meroë and earlier Kushite culture?
a. Rulers of the Meroë abandoned many aspects of Egyptian culture the earlier Kushites had
adopted.
b. Pyramids were no longer built in Meroë.
c. Meroë was monotheistic; earlier Kushite culture was not.
d. Women in earlier Kushite culture enjoyed a higher status than they did in Meroë.
____ 27. Study the map titled “New Kingdom Egypt.” How would traders ship goods from Punt to Thebes?
a. using an overland route through the Sahara Desert
b. by ship on the Nile
c. by ship through the Red Sea
d. by ship through the Mediterranean Sea
____ 28. After the fall of Mycenaean society
a. the city of Troy was destroyed in battle.
b. Minoan society emerged on Crete.
c. the first Greeks appeared on the Greek mainland.
d. Greek civilization almost disappeared.
____ 29. The city-state of Sparta was characterized by
a. democratic institutions.
b. an emphasis on temple worship.
c. an emphasis on warfare.
d. dependence upon the sea.
____ 30. Which of the following gods or goddesses was the deity of war?
a. Athena
c. Hera
b. Apollo
d. Ares
____ 31. Greeks tried to ensure that the gods and goddesses would protect them and their city-states by
a. writing epics.
b. building them homes on Mount Olympus.
c. performing rituals and sacrifices.
d. telling stories about their lives.
____ 32. Study the map titled “The Peloponnesian War.” According to the map, which side controlled much of the
territory surrounding the Aegean Sea during the Peloponnesian War?
a. the Delian League
c. neutral states
b. the Peloponnesian League
d. Persia
____ 33. Study the map titled “The Peloponnesian War.” What statement about the Peloponnesian War is best supported
by the map?
a. Athens and Sparta were both members of the Delian League.
b. The Persian Empire sent a navy to aid Athens.
c. Athens needed ships to communicate with its allies.
d. Ionia refused to enter the Delian League.
____ 34. Which of the following leaders set the stage for Athenian democracy by breaking up the power of noble
families?
a. Peisistratus
c. Solon
b. Cleisthenes
d. Draco
____ 35. What was the result of the first Persian invasion?
a. The Persians won but Darius was killed in the battle.
b. The Athenians won.
c. The Spartans won.
d. Ionia won its independence.
____ 36. The Battle of Salamis was significant because it
a. finally exacted revenge for Darius’s defeat in Athens.
b. made a small force of Spartans martyrs for the Greek cause.
c. marked the first time the Spartans and Athenians cooperated in battle.
d. stranded the Persian army in Greece without naval support.
“Until philosophers are kings, or the kings and princes of this world have the spirit and power of
philosophy, and political greatness and wisdom meet in one, and those commoner natures who pursue
either to the exclusion of the other are compelled to stand aside, cities will never have rest from their
evils—no, nor the human race.”
—from the Republic
____ 37. Read the excerpt from the Republic. Who was the writer of this work?
a. Socrates
c. Pericles
b. Plato
d. Aristotle
____ 38. Which of the following historians examined his sources critically and excluded those that were unreliable?
a. Herodotus
c. Thucydides
b. Homer
d. Zenophon
____ 39. Which of the following playwrights wrote the tragedy about Oedipus?
a. Aeschylus
c. Aristophanes
b. Sophocles
d. Euripides
____ 40. Greek murals or wall paintings often
a. realistically portrayed daily life.
b. showed scenes from the Iliad and the Odyssey.
c. illustrated the daily news.
d. used Christian imagery.
____ 41. “What is truth?” is a question associated with
a. Socrates.
c. Aristotle.
b. Homer.
d. Aristophanes.
____ 42. Who took the throne in Macedonia after King Philip II was assassinated?
a. Alexander
c. Darius II
b. Philip III
d. Archimedes
____ 43. In the Hellenistic world, the city-state was replaced as the main political unit by the
a. kingdom.
c. assembly.
b. polis.
d. military.
____ 44. Alexander’s empire did not grow any larger because
a. his generals began fighting for power.
c. his soldiers wanted to return home.
b. the Hindu Kush defeated him.
d. he reached all his goals.
____ 45. New schools of philosophy developed during the Hellenistic period, in part because
a. people sought ways to explain the violence and bloodshed of the period.
b. people rejected the Greek gods.
c. Alexander brought philosophers together from all over his empire.
d. classical philosophy absorbed ideas from other cultures.
____ 46. Spartan society revolved around training for war because
a. warfare was their favorite activity.
b. Spartans feared helot rebellions.
c. Spartans wanted to dominate the entire Mediterranean world.
d. Spartans believed they could not achieve immortality without proving their bravery in
battle.
____ 47. Which of the following gods or goddesses was the deity of wisdom?
a. Athena
c. Hera
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b. Apollo
d. Ares
Which of the following is the correct sequence of influential men in the development of democracy in Athens,
from first to last?
a. Draco, Solon, Peisistratus, Cleisthenes
b. Plato, Pericles, Draco, Solon
c. Solon, Peisistratus, Cleisthenes, Alexander
d. Solon, Draco, Aristophanes, Peisistratus
Why did the Persian emperor Darius attack the Greek mainland?
a. to gain control of Greece’s vast natural resources
b. to exact revenge for the Athenians’ victory at Marathon
c. to kidnap Helen, the beautiful queen of Athens
d. to punish Athens for aiding the Ionians in their revolt against Persian rule
Macedonia was able to take control of all of Greece in the 340s BC because
a. the Persian Empire had soundly defeated Athens and Sparta.
b. a terrible plague had weakened Athens and Sparta.
c. a long cycle of warfare left all of Greece vulnerable to attack.
d. Xerxes was a brilliant commander of the Macedonian army.
Some of the earliest examples of Greek epic poetry were
a. written by Aristophanes.
b. the Iliad and the Odyssey.
c. written by women.
d. written for the festival of Dionysus.
____ 52. The chart titled “Roman Government” shows that the Romans designed their government to
a. promote trade and commerce.
b. centralize power in one person.
c. respond quickly to military attacks.
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d. incorporate checks on the power of different parts of government.
Study the chart titled “Roman Government.” In what way could tribunes check the power of the elected
magistrates?
a. by vetoing laws
b. by vetoing the actions of the magistrates
c. by controlling the magistrates’ budget
d. by passing laws
When the last king of Rome was thrown out, his place was taken by two magistrates called
a. consuls.
c. plebeians.
b. tribunes.
d. the Senate.
The Third Punic War was caused by
a. Rome’s desire for revenge.
b. Hannibal’s invasion of the countryside.
c. Carthage’s resistance to Roman expansion.
d. the assassination of Julius Caesar.
Why did a group of senators murder Julius Caesar?
a. because he was extremely unpopular with the Roman people
b. to dismantle the Republic and return governing power to the monarchy
c. because he was waging a civil war
d. to prevent him from destroying the Roman Republic
The statement “I found Rome built of bricks; I leave her clothed in marble” refers to
a. the ambitious building program initiated under Hannibal’s rule.
b. the development of massive rock quarries in the Italian countryside.
c. the ambitious building program initiated under Augustus’s rule.
d. the rebuilding of Rome after Carthage burned the city to the ground.
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of the governments of Rome?
a. the Augustan Age, the Caesar Age, the Roman Republic
b. the Roman Republic, the Augustan Age, the Julio-Claudians, the Good Emperors
c. the Julio-Claudians, the Roman Republic, the Augustan Age, the Good Emperors
d. the Roman Republic, the Latin monarchy, the Good Emperors, the Augustan Age
The phrase “bread and circuses” referred to
a. the weekly market held in the Forum.
b. the free food and entertainment provided by the government to stave off rebellions by poor
people.
c. the reluctance of wealthy Romans to become involved in politics.
d. the prosperity of the Roman Empire that allowed most Romans to live a life of leisure.
Which of the following languages developed from Latin, the language of Rome?
a. German
c. Russian
b. French
d. Chinese
Which of the following emerged in the early Christian Church to oversee church affairs and priests within each
city?
a. bishops
c. popes
b. the laity
d. Apostles
The bishops of Rome claimed to have authority over all other bishops because
a. they were seen as Peter’s spiritual heirs.
b. they were descended from Jesus.
c. they were seen as Paul’s spiritual heirs.
d. Rome was the most powerful city in the Empire.
Why did Constantine build a new capital?
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a. because the east was richer and better defended
b. to escape the authority of the pope
c. to commemorate the place where he experienced religious conversion
d. because he had a huge budget surplus
Which of the following was a Visigothic king who sacked Rome in 410?
a. Alaric
c. Attila
b. Diocletian
d. Odoacer
Which of the following was one of Diocletian’s reforms?
a. He divided the empire in two.
b. He provided free food and entertainment to Roman citizens.
c. He issued the Edict of Milan.
d. He issued the first written law code.
Electing tribunes and displaying the Law of the Twelve Tables
a. benefited tribunes.
b. showed the influence of the Etruscans.
c. protected plebeians against unjust treatment by patricians.
d. violated the constitution hammered out by patricians and plebeians.
Because the Law of the Twelve Tables were displayed, judges could not
a. show partiality to non-Romans.
b. discriminate against Etruscans.
c. make decisions based on secret laws.
d. preserve the status of plebeians.
What caused the Third Punic War?
a. the Romans’ desire to destroy Carthage
b. the Romans’ need for more land as its population grew
c. Hannibal’s desire to conquer rural northern Italy
d. the Carthaginians’ fear that Roman expansion would interfere with trade and commerce
Why did Octavian adopt the title “first citizen”?
a. to emphasize that he had more power than other magistrates
b. to illustrate the duties of citizens in a republic
c. to show that he was retiring from politics
d. to avoid the title of king or emperor
Wealthy Romans dominated politics during the Pax Romana because
a. only patricians were allowed to hold office.
b. public officials were not paid so only the wealthy could participate.
c. most citizens were uninterested in politics.
d. the Roman masses cared only about bread and circuses.
Roman audiences enjoyed public entertainment
a. in the Forum on Capitoline Hill.
c. on the Palatine and Pont du Gard.
b. in temples and at the Forum.
d. in the Colosseum or at Circus Maximus.
As a conquered people in the Roman Empire
a. the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity.
b. the Jews did not abandon monotheism.
c. Jews were denied religious freedom.
d. all Jews cooperated with Roman rule.
Paul of Tarsus helped to attract non-Jews to Christianity by
a. dispensing with some Jewish customs.
b. following Jewish food laws.
c. actively opposing the teaching that Jesus was the Messiah.
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d. remaining in Rome.
Which of the following describes the government of Diocletian?
a. a democratic, open society where debate was encouraged
b. a corrupt republican government
c. a government that regulated every aspect of life
d. an unstable military dictatorship
What caused inflation after the last of the Good Emperors died?
a. the minting of new coins containing copper and lead in order to maintain the money supply
b. the layoff of thousands of soldiers to save money
c. the tax cut implemented to spur the Roman economy
d. the flood of foreign currency into Rome as a result of increased trade
Which dynasty unified China in 221 BC?
a. Han
c. Daoist
b. Qin
d. Zhou
Why were nobles forced to move to Xianyang under Shi Huangdi?
a. to receive an education in Confucian principles
b. to weaken their power
c. to receive an education in Daoist principles
d. to form the new civil service
Which of the following is a reason for the fall of the Han dynasty?
a. The Great Wall of China was destroyed by an earthquake.
b. Nobles who had lost their land revolted and seized power.
c. A rebel named Wang Mang seized the throne.
d. Peasants revolted, rebels caused chaos, and power shifted from the central government to
local warlords.
The Han dynasty ruled China for about how many years?
a. 75 years
c. 400 years
b. 200 years
d. 900 years
Revolts and unrest during the Later Han dynasty caused by court intrigues and a widening gap between rich and
poor resulted in
a. the beginning of the Mang dynasty.
b. a takeover by the Xiongnu.
c. the Period of Disunion, lasting about 350 years.
d. the assassination of the entire Lü family.
One of the most important ideas of Confucianism was that
a. trade should be the basis of any economy.
b. the family was central to the well-being of the state.
c. women and men should be equal under the law.
d. government leaders should rule with an iron fist.
Which of the following manufactured products was most prized in the Han dynasty?
a. jade products
c. fine, lacquered furniture
b. silk
d. iron armor and swords
Peasants made up what part of the population of Han China?
a. less than 2 percent
c. about 60 percent
b. about 25 percent
d. about 90 percent
How did Chandragupta ensure a strong, centralized government in India?
a. by organizing a bureaucracy and a system of spies to monitor officials
b. by handsomely rewarding loyal nobles
c. by establishing a civil service governed by Confucian principles
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d. by establishing a civil service governed by Jainist principles
Why is Ashoka considered one of India’s greatest rulers?
a. He greatly reduced the empire’s territory.
b. He was a Hindu.
c. He worked to improve the lives of people in the empire.
d. He united the empire after centuries of disorganization and division.
What caused the decline of the Mauryan Empire?
a. a lack of money in the government treasury
b. the battle for power among Ashoka’s sons
c. the spread of Buddhism
d. invaders from Central Asia
A Greek ambassador, Megasthenes, described the capital of the Mauryan Empire as
a. an impoverished city with crumbling walls and beggars in the street.
b. a hostile city where the citizens carried weapons and fights broke out in the streets.
c. a city with magnificent palaces, temples and parks.
d. a surprisingly small, but growing town, with friendly merchants selling fine wares.
The Gupta Empire reached its height under
a. Chandragupta Maurya.
c. Chandra Gupta II.
b. Samudra Gupta.
d. Faxian.
Faxian described the Gupta Empire as
a. rich and prosperous, with fair legal punishments.
b. peaceful and serene, with no need for legal punishment.
c. strong and powerful, with harsh legal punishments.
d. conflicted and war-torn, and legal punishments as abhorrent.
Which of the following best describes the goods that were traded during the Gupta period?
a. India sent silk to Rome, and Rome sent spices to India.
b. India sent cashmere and cotton to China, and China sent silk to India.
c. India sent cotton and ivory to Rome, and Rome sent spices to China.
d. Rome sent ceramics to India, and India sent silk to Rome.
Which of the following is true of the art and architecture that survives from the Gupta period?
a. It includes design elements from both Buddhist and Hindu traditions.
b. It includes paintings and murals, but most statues have been destroyed.
c. It includes mostly structures of wood and metal.
d. It represents only Hindu art and artifacts.
During the Gupta period,
a. doctors knew very little about curing diseases.
b. medicines were created from plants and minerals.
c. doctors didn’t know how to set broken bones.
d. many people died because of bungled surgeries.
Which of the following would a follower of Legalism most likely have supported as a punishment for a scholar
who criticized the government?
a. firing him from his university position
b. torture and death
c. two days of house arrest
d. forced labor on massive building projects
Why did the Han develop a civil service system?
a. to reward soldiers for military service
b. to encourage higher education among the nation’s youth
c. to obtain officials who held Confucian values
d. to solidify the dynasty’s power by offering rivals government jobs
____ 95. Buddhism became popular in China because
a. the emperor became a Buddhist in AD 200.
b. civil service exams were based on Buddhist principles.
c. Zhang Qian introduced Buddhism when he returned from Central Asia.
d. its message of escape from suffering offered more hope than did Confucianism.
____ 96. Chandragupta divided his empire
a. among his four sons.
b. into two districts, each governed by one of his wives.
c. into districts and appointed relatives and generals to rule them.
d. among his fellow Jainist monks.
____ 97. Which of the following promoted Buddhism in India?
a. Kautilya
c. Chandragupta
b. Ashoka
d. the Tamil king
____ 98. The Great Wall of China, shown in the map titled “The Silk Roads,” was built in order to
a. provide a route over the Himalayas.
b. protect northern China from hostile raids.
c. protect southern China from hostile raids.
d. link the Yellow Sea with the Indian Ocean.
____ 99. Study the map titled “The Silk Roads.” Which of the following represented one trade route upon which silk
could travel to Rome?
a. over the Silk Roads from Guangzhou to Tyre, then by boat through the Mediterranean Sea
to Rome
b. by an overland route from Guangzhou to Chang’an, connecting to the Silk Roads, then to
Antioch, and then by boat through the Mediterranean Sea to Rome
c. by boat down the Nile to Alexandria and then through the Mediterranean Sea to Rome
d. by boat from Guangzhou to Khotan and on to Rome
____ 100. Study the map titled “The Silk Roads.” Which of the following best explains why Buddhism spread from India
to China?
a. China and India share a common border.
b. Both countries traded with nomads beyond the Great Wall.
c. China and India were linked by trade routes.
d. Indian traders sailed west to China.
Twelfth Major Rock Edict
“The Beloved of the Gods. . . honors members of all sects [religions]. . . Whoever honors
his own sect and disparages [speaks poorly about] another man’s. . . does his own sect the
greatest possible harm. Concord [harmony] is best, with each person hearing and
respecting the other’s teachings.”
____ 101. Read the quote titled “The Twelfth Major Rock Edict.” Which of the following individuals most likely had the
text above inscribed on a stone pillar?
a. Chandragupta
c. Alexander the Great
b. Ashoka
d. Confucius
____ 102. Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?
a. to ensure Charlemagne would not attack the Papal States
b. to thank Charlemagne for keeping him in power
c. to reward the Lombards of Italy for faithful service to the church
d. because Charlemagne refused to support the pope’s authority unless he was crowned
emperor
____ 103. Which of the following statements correctly represents Charlemagne’s views about education?
a. Education should only include military training and agricultural skills.
b. All leaders should learn to read and write.
c. Scholars are useless in an empire.
d. Only upper-class women need to receive an education.
____ 104. Which king drove the Vikings north of London?
a. William
c. Harold
b. Henry
d. Alfred
____ 105. Why was King Otto finally able to defeat the Magyars in the mid-900s?
a. The Magyars had settled into a permanent home.
b. The Germans had discovered gunpowder.
c. Careful animal husbandry had enabled Europeans to breed a faster horse.
d. A plague had weakened the Magyar army.
____ 106. Europe became a feudal society because
a. the rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment for services.
b. Europeans needed to defend themselves against constant raids and invasions.
c. overpopulation required that a more efficient agricultural system be developed.
d. skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming techniques improved.
____ 107. Christians drove the Moors out of the Iberian Peninsula during the
a. First Crusade.
c. Reconquista.
b. sagas.
d. Battle of Hastings.
____ 108. The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from
a. the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.
b. the economic influence of the Papal States.
c. the powerful army he headed under General Charlemagne.
d. his appointment by the Roman Emperor.
____ 109. What led to the split in the Christian Church in 1054?
a. the defeat of the Papal States by Otto the Great
b. the desire of Henry IV for a divorce from his wife
c. a pacifist group’s opposition to the Crusades
d. the refusal of the patriarch of Constantinople to recognize the pope’s authority
____ 110. Based on the map titled “Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims, 800–1000,” and what you know from the chapter,
what was one result of the invasions and migrations depicted on the map?
a. Muslim scouting parties went to Scandinavia.
b. Some invaders settled in Europe.
c. The invaders had little influence in Europe.
d. All invaders ignored southern Europe.
____ 111. Based on the map titled “Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims, 800–1000,” which of the following groups traveled
most extensively between 800 and 1000?
a. the Vikings
c. the Franks
b. the Magyars
d. Muslims
____ 112. Based on the map titled “Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims, 800–1000,” which group stayed the closest to their
homeland?
a. the Vikings
c. the Franks
b. the Magyars
d. Muslims
____ 113. Which of the following families was the most influential in the expansion of the Franks?
a. Capetians
c. Carolingians
b. Stuarts
d. Saxons
____ 114. How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs well?
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____ 116.
____ 117.
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____ 119.
a. by sending monks to convert them to Christianity
b. by setting up a system of rewards and punishments administered by inspectors
c. by replacing all local rulers with members of the Carolingian family
d. by ensuring that they received excellent educations
Scholars in Aachen performed which of the following important services?
a. They opened finishing schools for young ladies from the upper classes.
b. They made copies of ancient texts for monasteries across Europe.
c. They defended libraries against raids by the Vikings.
d. They taught Charlemagne how to read and write.
Which of the following is considered one of the most important leaders in European history?
a. Charles Martel
c. Hugh Capet
b. Louis the Pious
d. Charlemagne
Vikings began raiding northern Europe because
a. they wanted to stop attacks on Scandinavia.
b. they had converted to Christianity and sought Christian relics.
c. they wanted to spread their religion.
d. Viking farmers could not grow enough food.
How did the Magyars differ from the Vikings?
a. They were peaceful rather than warlike.
b. They were nomads, rather than living in permanent settlements.
c. They were never defeated, unlike the Vikings.
d. They were Muslims, rather than Christians.
How were the Vikings and the Magyars similar?
a. Both were great sailors.
c. Both originated in central Asia.
b. Both were fierce warriors.
d. Both fought the Muslims.
“Hear you my Lord. . . that I. . . shall be to you both faithful and true, and shall owe my Fidelity unto
you, for the Land that I hold of you, and lawfully shall do such Customs and Services, as my Duty is to
you, at the times assigned. So help me God and all his Saints.”
—from The Manner of Doing Homage and Fealty
____ 120. The excerpt from The Manner of Doing Homage and Fealty is an example of
a. a serf’s contract.
c. an oath of loyalty.
b. a Domesday passage.
d. a feudal marriage vow.
____ 121. The excerpt from The Manner of Doing Homage and Fealty might have been said by a
a. queen.
c. knight.
b. noble.
d. Viking.
____ 122. The feudal system had which of the following effects?
a. It centralized government.
b. It diminished the power of kings.
c. It increased the pope’s power.
d. It freed most Europeans from work obligations.
____ 123. Which of the following countries was the first to develop a strong central government?
a. England
c. Germany
b. France
d. Italy
____ 124. Which of the following began to extend the power of the monarchy throughout France?
a. Eleanor of Aquitaine
c. Hugh Capet
b. Otto the Great
d. King Harold
____ 125. After Charlemagne’s death, which of the following occurred?
a. France divided into several small states.
b. Germany divided into several small states.
c. The Papal States became an independent kingdom.
d. Western Europe was split into five parts.
____ 126. The church’s influence increased around 1000 because at that time
a. the Moors were finally driven completely off the Iberian Peninsula.
b. the feudal system emerged.
c. there was an upsurge of religious devotion across Europe.
d. Charlemagne was crowned emperor by the pope.
“Who does not know that kings and princes derive their origin from men ignorant of God who raised
themselves above their fellows by pride, plunder, treachery, murder--in short, by every type of
crime---at the instigation of the Devil, the prince of this world, men blind with greed and intolerable in
their audacity?. . . Does anyone doubt that the priests of Christ are to be considered as fathers and
masters of kings and princes and of all believers?”
—from a letter to a German bishop
____ 127. The passage from a letter to a German bishop represents the views of
a. Gregory VII.
c. Henry IV.
b. Orthodox Christians.
d. lords.
____ 128. New monasteries were founded beginning in about 900 because
a. local political leaders desired more political power.
b. the existing orders were too strict and attracted few new monks.
c. Christianity was the dominant religion in Western Europe for the first time.
d. older monasteries were usually led by abbots concerned only with power and prestige.
____ 129. Which of the following is famous for creating the statues of David and Pietà, and the ceiling of the Sistine
Chapel?
a. Ignatius of Loyola
c. Michelangelo Buonarroti
b. Baldassare Castiglione
d. William Shakespeare
____ 130. Which of the following statements best describes the importance of Italian city-states to the Renaissance?
a. Knowledge of arts increased as nobles and merchants sought to display their new wealth.
b. The Catholic Church, dominant in the city-states, published the first Bible.
c. Italian shipbuilders brought paintings and sculpture back from China and India.
d. As agricultural centers, city-states produced an abundance of crops, and sold them to
foreign markets.
____ 131. To represent three-dimensional objects on flat paper, Renaissance artists studied
a. astronomy.
b. the work of Lorenzo de Medici.
c. humanism.
d. perspective.
____ 132. Humanism was inspired by interest in
a. Greek and Roman culture.
c. Buddhist philosophy.
b. Catholic doctrines.
d. scientific writings.
____ 133. William Shakespeare’s works are known for
a. teaching ideal behavior.
b. subtle symbolism.
c. a deep understanding of human nature.
d. their complicated language that did not appeal to the uneducated.
____ 134. Increasing numbers of people learned to read after the mid-1400s because
a. most people had ample leisure time.
b. most people had ample disposable income.
c. printed materials became more available.
d. illumination made works of literature extremely beautiful.
____ 135. The Ninety-five Theses were written in Latin because
a. Luther intended them for a mass audience.
b. they were intended for church leaders.
c. Luther could not write in any other language.
d. Latin was the vernacular.
____ 136. Which of the following occurred as a result of Martin Luther’s stand against indulgences?
a. Germany rejected Lutheranism and remained Roman Catholic.
b. Lutheranism spread first to England and Scotland, then to France and Italy.
c. Henry VIII started a new religion in England called Anabaptism.
d. The Protestant Reformation began.
____ 137. Which of the following statements is best supported by the map titled “The Spread of Protestantism”?
a. Protestantism spread from London to Ireland.
b. Lutheranism spread from Switzerland to France.
c. Norway, Sweden, and Denmark shared the same faith.
d. Calvinism took over England and Scotland.
____ 138. According to the map titled, “The Spread of Protestantism” which country was Anglican?
a. Sweden
c. France
____ 139.
____ 140.
____ 141.
____ 142.
b. England
d. the Holy Roman Empire
Which of the following statements is best supported by the map titled “The Spread of Protestantism”?
a. From Geneva, Anglicanism spread to England.
b. Protestantism did not spread into Rome or the Papal States.
c. Norway, Denmark, and Sweden remained Catholic.
d. Scotland, England, and Ireland shared the same faith.
The “bonfire of the vanities” was an action that was part of
a. the Reformation.
b. early reform efforts within the Catholic Church.
c. the spread of Lutheranism.
d. the reforms adopted by the Council of Trent.
One outcome of the Council of Trent was that
a. the distinction between Catholicism and Protestantism blurred.
b. Austria and Poland returned to the Catholic Church.
c. Charles Borromeo helped return most of Germany to the Catholic Church.
d. Lutherans rebelled against Church decrees in Sweden and established a theocracy.
How did Teresa of Avila impact the Catholic Church?
a. She inspired many would-be Protestants to remain in the Church.
b. She inspired many Catholics to convert to Lutheranism.
c. She successfully fought the Catholic Church’s practice of killing suspected witches.
d. She opened up the priesthood to women for a short time.
Return of the Hunters, by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, 1565
© Bridgeman Art Library, London/SuperStock
____ 143. The painting titled Return of the Hunters is typical of which of the following?
____ 144.
____ 145.
____ 146.
____ 147.
____ 148.
____ 149.
____ 150.
____ 151.
____ 152.
____ 153.
a. the Italian Renaissance
c. the American Renaissance
b. the Northern Renaissance
d. the Middle Ages
The Church’s scholastic education gave way to the subjects known as humanities and inspired the movement
known as
a. humanism.
c. the Protestant Reformation.
b. secularism.
d. the vernacular.
Which of the following advanced the idea that “the end justifies the means”?
a. Christine de Pisan
c. Niccolò Machiavelli
b. Baldassare Castiglione
d. Donato Bramante
Johannes Gutenberg’s invention has been described as revolutionary because
a. with easier access to books, more people learned to read and more books were printed.
b. with oil paints, Renaissance artists could paint much more detail than they could with
watercolors.
c. coupled with a large pool of unemployed workers, it led to early industrialization in parts of
Central Europe.
d. until guilds were created, craftspeople were unable to control the goods they produced.
How did the work of the Flemish School differ from Italian Renaissance painting?
a. Flemish painters used watercolors, while Italian painters used oils.
b. Flemish painters focused on religious symbolism, while Italian painters focused on secular
themes.
c. Italian painters focused on the details of everyday life, while Flemish painters tackled grand
themes.
d. Flemish painters focused on the details of everyday life, while Italian painters often showed
mythological scenes.
Desiderius Erasmus’s works were censored in Paris and condemned by the Church because
a. he had become a Protestant.
b. his works fanned the flames of discontent with the Church.
c. he was convicted of witchcraft.
d. his works advocated a return to the ideals of ancient Greece and Rome.
What did the Edict of Worms decree about Martin Luther?
a. It named him leader of the Catholic Church.
b. It made him an outlaw and condemned his writings.
c. It named him king of Germany.
d. It excommunicated him.
Ulrich Zwingli founded a church in Switzerland that had which of these at its base?
a. democracy
c. humanism
b. theocracy
d. secularism
The Council of Trent
a. redefined Catholic Church doctrine to state that faith alone was needed to achieve salvation.
b. began a Holy War in Central Europe.
c. excommunicated Luther and sentenced him to death.
d. addressed corruption, and argued for the role of the Catholic Church in salvation.
Sailors could calculate their location based on the position of the sun and stars in relation to the horizon with the
a. compass.
c. caravel.
b. astrolabe.
d. nautical map.
The ultimate goal of the early Portuguese explorers was to
a. find a water route around Africa to India.
b. discover new lands.
c. explore the coast of Africa.
____ 154.
____ 155.
____ 156.
____ 157.
____ 158.
____ 159.
____ 160.
d. spread Christianity.
The ultimate goal of early English, Dutch, and French explorers was to
a. find a passage to Asia.
c. find a short southern route to Africa.
b. colonize North America.
d. find gold and silver in the Americas.
The Spanish colonial economy was based largely on
a. exports of Native American weaving and pottery.
b. tobacco farming.
c. the mining of gold and silver.
d. fur and fish trading.
Which of the following was one result of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
a. The Portuguese Empire was larger than the Spanish Empire.
b. The Spanish Empire was larger than the Portuguese Empire.
c. The British Empire was larger than the Portuguese Empire.
d. Spain took control of Brazil.
The population of Native Americans in Spanish colonies dropped by more than
a. 10 percent.
c. 75 percent.
b. 30 percent.
d. 90 percent.
The economy of New France was based on
a. fish and fur trading.
c. cotton farming.
b. gold and silver mining.
d. cottage industries.
Which of the following best describes the food exchange between Europe and the Americas?
a. Europeans brought coffee, corn, and potatoes to the Americas, and took rice, wheat, and
oranges to Europe.
b. Europeans brought wheat, sugar, and sheep to the Americas, and took corn, potatoes, and
turkeys to Europe.
c. Europeans brought squash, peanuts, and tobacco to the Americas, and took sheep, turkeys,
and pigs to Europe.
d. Europeans brought tomatoes, potatoes, and wheat to the Americas, and took horses, beans,
and rubber to Europe.
Scholars estimate that how much of all food crops grown around the world today are of American origin?
a. one-tenth
c. one-third
b. two-thirds
d. one-half
“Our plantations. . . consume more of our home manufactures. . . they produce commodities
indispensably necessary to this part of the world, and not to be produced elsewhere, and, with industry
and conduct, may be made an inexhaustible mine of treasure to their mother kingdom.”
—Charles D’Avenant, “An Essay on the East-India Trade”
____ 161. The passage by Charles D’Avenant justifies which of the following?
a. colonization
c. bullionism
b. industrialization
d. subsidies
____ 162. During the rise of capitalism, European investors willingly took the risk of investing in overseas trade because
a. the rising demand for goods drove prices higher.
b. their governments rewarded them with political appointments overseas.
c. they were committed to spreading Christianity around the globe.
d. they objected to new food products being introduced in their home countries.
____ 163. An increase in business activity due to colonization caused which of the following?
a. Banks in Europe closed as more Europeans settled in colonies.
b. Opportunities for investing decreased.
c. A new class of wealthier merchants emerged in Europe.
d. The development of capitalism in Europe was delayed.
____ 164. According to the map titled “The Slave Trade,” where were most slave forts located?
a. the Cape of Good Hope
c. the Middle Passage
b. the west coast of Africa
d. Brazil
____ 165. According to the map titled “The Slave Trade,” the British imported approximately how many slaves to their
colonies?
a. 1.7 million
c. 3.6 million
b. 2.1 million
d. 9 million
____ 166. According to the map titled “The Slave Trade,” the greatest number of African slaves were taken to
a. British North America.
c. the British West Indies.
b. Brazil.
d. the French West Indies.
“The stench of the hold. . . was so intolerably loathsome, that it was dangerous to remain there for any
time. . . The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate. . . almost suffocated us. . . The shrieks of
the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole scene of horror almost inconceivable.”
—Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, 1789
____ 167. In the passage by Olaudah Equiano, he describes
a. plantation life.
c. a slave ship.
b. indentured servitude.
d. an encomienda.
____ 168. The Spanish used captive Africans as
a. domestic servants.
b. workers on Caribbean sugar plantations.
c. skilled craft workers.
d. ship hands.
____ 169. Mercantilists would advocate that a nation do which of the following?
a. Import more goods than it exports.
b. Sell more goods than it buys from foreign countries.
c. Buy more goods than it sells to foreign countries.
d. Remove all barriers to free trade.
____ 170. Some Native Americans helped Cortés because
a. they resented paying tribute to Emperor Atahualpa.
b. they had intermarried with Spanish explorers.
c. the Aztecs were unpopular with those they had conquered.
d. they had been converted to Christianity.
____ 171. Which of the following was a conquistador?
a. Malinche
c. Henry Hudson
b. Prince Henry
d. Francisco Pizarro
____ 172. Planters in the Americas began to use African slaves for labor because
a. Aztecs refused to work on plantations.
b. they believed Native Americans were not human.
c. disease had killed millions of Native Americans.
d. African slaves were less expensive than Native American slaves.
____ 173. How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?
a. by emphasizing the importance of converting people to Christianity
b. by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe
c. by fostering a belief in the importance of working as a group
d. by persuading Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important
____ 174. What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?
a. Native American diseases destroyed European populations.
b. The exchange of foods and animals had a dramatic impact on later societies.
c. Llamas began to be used as beasts of burden.
d. Triangular trade became less profitable.
____ 175. French settlers in Canada were mainly
a. traders.
c. farmers.
b. conquistadors.
d. slaveholders.
____ 176. When Charles became Holy Roman Emperor as Charles V
a. he fought to convert all of Europe to Protestantism.
b. he became known as Charlemagne.
c. he lost all of Spain’s holdings in the Americas.
d. his territory grew to include parts of Italy, Austria, and various German states.
____ 177. Who argued that women had the right to an education?
a. Domenicos Theotocopoulos
c. Juana Ines de la Cruz
b. Miguel de Cervantes
d. Queen Mary I
____ 178. King Philip decided to invade England in order to
a. stop the seadogs and return England to the Catholic Church.
b. convert it to Anglicanism.
c. satisfy his suspicions about spies based in England.
d. rob its treasury of gold and silver.
____ 179. Charles V gave up his thrones in 1556 because he
a. no longer enjoyed the support of the pope.
b. was terminally ill.
c. was frustrated by failure in Europe.
d. feared his sons would assassinate him.
____ 180. Which of the following was a challenge to the French monarchy’s philosophy of “one king, one law, one
religion”?
a. absolute monarchy
c. the Huguenots
b. the Catholic Church
d. German princes
____ 181. Henry IV was able to claim the throne of France because he
a. converted to Catholicism.
b. converted to Protestantism.
c. ordered the Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.
d. fought a successful civil war.
____ 182. Louis XIV’s greatest ambition was to
a. unite the German states under his rule.
b. end the rivalry with the English.
c. build up the military and expand French territory.
d. convert England to Catholicism.
____ 183. What caused the War of the Spanish Succession?
a. Elizabeth I’s death with no heir
b. Louis XIV’s desire to have the Spanish throne for his son
c. the ascension of a Huguenot to the French throne
d. the bankruptcy of France
____ 184. Who became known as the Sun King?
a. Louis XIII
c. Henry IV
b. Louis XIV
d. Cardinal Richelieu
____ 185. What caused the English Civil War?
a. Parliament’s vote to bring back the monarchy
b. division over the Act of Supremacy
c. Charles I’s decision to arrest Puritan leaders in Parliament for treason
d. Elizabeth I’s death with no heir
____ 186. Which of the following writers described life in nature as “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short”?
a. Thomas Hobbes
c. William and Mary
b. John Locke
d. Samuel Pepys
“The pretended power of suspending laws, or the execution of laws, by regal authority, without consent
of parliament is illegal. . .”
—The English Bill of Rights
____ 187. Which of the following does the passage from The English Bill of Rights guarantee?
a. Members of parliament will enjoy freedom of speech.
b. The monarch will not have absolute power.
c. Democratic, free elections will be held regularly.
d. The monarch will be abolished.
____ 188. The ascension of William and Mary to the throne of England became known as the
a. English Civil War.
c. Glorious Revolution.
b. Puritan Revolution.
d. Restoration.
____ 189. Who was the first czar of Russia?
a. Ivan I
c. Catherine the Great
b. Ivan IV
d. Frederick the Great
____ 190. The goal of Peter I was to
a. introduce democratic reforms to Russia.
b. kill the son of Ivan the Terrible to prevent his ascension to the throne.
c. transform Russia into a modern state.
d. end the Thirty Years’ War.
____ 191. The Thirty Years’ War was sparked by
a. the Holy Roman Emperor’s attempt to shut down two Protestant churches.
b. the assassination of the Prince of Prague.
c. Maria Theresa’s refusal of a marriage proposal.
d. a massacre in Magdeburg, Germany.
____ 192. What caused the War of Austrian Succession?
a. the death of Frederick the Great without a male heir
b. the rivalry between the Hapsburgs and the Hohenzollerns
c. the launch of the Spanish Armada
d. the Holy Roman Emperor’s attempt to combat Protestantism
____ 193. Absolute monarchs argued that their power must not be challenged because
a. the pope had crowned them.
b. they were the most intelligent men in their nations.
c. they were democratically elected.
d. they ruled by divine right.
____ 194. Why did people in the Netherlands revolt against Spain?
a. because of corruption in the Spanish government
b. to protest Spain’s treatment of slaves
c. because of religious differences
d. to stop the sea dogs
____ 195. The Edict of Nantes was a remarkable document because
a. people were no longer forced to follow the monarch’s religion.
b. for the first time France was a Protestant nation.
c. it contained the signature of Cardinal Richelieu.
d. it set into motion the events that led to the Court of Blood.
____ 196. One goal of Louis XIII was to
a. conquer England.
b. conquer Spain.
c. end the Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.
d. limit the power of nobles and Huguenots.
____ 197. Which of the following monarchs is history’s best example of an absolute monarch?
a. Louis XIV
c. Philip II
b. Henry IV
d. Charles II
____ 198. Why were William and Mary crowned king and queen of England?
a. to prevent a Puritan monarch from occupying the throne
b. to prevent a Catholic monarch from occupying the throne
c. to restore the English monarchy
d. to end the English Civil War
____ 199. Which of the following is a cause of the Thirty Years’ War?
a. agitation by Pugachev
b. Catherine’s refusal to marry or name a chancellor
c. Prussia’s drive for empire
d. throwing the Holy Roman Emperor’s representatives out of a window
____ 200. Which cost or benefit on the chart titled “Building Versailles” was Louis XIV unlikely to have foreseen?
a. Allowed the king to keep his nobles in check
b. Created resentment among people
c. Helped cause revolution years later
d. Was clear symbol of king’s power
“If anyone habitually living at Court absented himself he insisted on knowing the reason; those who
came there only for flying visits had also to give a satisfactory explanation; any one who seldom or never
appeared there was certain to incur his displeasure.”
—Duc de Saint-Simon
____ 201. In the quote by Duc de Saint-Simon, which European monarch was he referring to?
a. Peter the Great
c. Charles I
b. Louis XIV
d. Czar Michael
____ 202. The new way of thinking that emerged in the mid-1500s is called the
a. geocentric theory.
c. Enlightenment.
b. Scientific Revolution.
d. American Revolution.
____ 203. Until the Scientific Revolution, the traditional authorities were
a. Plato and Aristotle.
c. navigators and explorers.
b. the Church and ancient scholars.
d. Aquinas and his followers.
____ 204. Which of the following posed theories that brought him into direct conflict with the Church?
a. Francis Bacon
c. Aristotle
b. Galileo
d. Ptolemy
____ 205. Who argued that people had a right to overthrow a government that does not protect their natural rights?
a. Locke
c. Newton
b. Voltaire
d. Hobbes
____ 206. Who wrote “Man is born free but everywhere is in chains”?
a. Locke
c. Rousseau
b. Montesquieu
d. Voltaire
____ 207. How did Hobbes and Rousseau differ?
a. Rousseau believed in the idea of a social contract; Hobbes did not.
b. Rousseau believed an absolute monarchy was essential; Hobbes did not.
c. Rousseau believed people were naturally good; Hobbes did not.
d. Hobbes believed people needed protection from government; Rousseau did not.
____ 208. American colonists objected to the Stamp Act because
a. they resented forced conscription in the British military to fight the Seven Years’ War.
b. the Act restricted the colonists’ trade.
c. contrary to British belief, Americans thought stamps were necessary.
d. they objected to taxes levied by the British Parliament without representation.
____ 209. During the Boston Tea Party, the Sons of Liberty dumped tea into Boston Harbor to
a. protest the tax on tea.
b. raise money to fight the War for Independence.
c. get back at Boston merchants.
d. protest the Intolerable Acts.
____ 210. Study the chart titled “The Scientific Method.” Which of the following phrases belongs in Step 2 in the chart?
a. Form a hypothesis that can be tested.
c. Prove or disprove the hypothesis.
b. Ask a question.
d. Observe the natural world.
Primary Source 1
“That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from
the consent of the governed,—That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these
ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government . . .”
____ 211. The passage labeled “Primary Source 1” is from the
a. United States Constitution.
c. Townshend Acts.
b. Treaty of Paris.
d. Declaration of Independence.
____ 212. What led scientists to study the natural world more closely in the mid-1500s?
a. a series of natural disasters
c. the death of Aristotle
b. Thomas Paine’s pamphlet
d. exploration
____ 213. Which of the following phrases belongs in Step 5 in the chart titled “The Scientific Method”?
a. Observe the natural world.
c. Answer the question.
b. Form a conclusion.
d. Identify a problem.
____ 214. Which of the following phrases belongs in Step 1 of the chart titled “The Scientific Method”?
a. Answer a question.
c. Perform experiments.
b. Identify a problem.
d. Draw a conclusion.
____ 215. Which of the following scientists invented the first periodic table?
a. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier
c. Antony van Leeuwenhoek
b. Robert Boyle
d. Galen
____ 216. Tycho Brahe believed that
a. the sun, planets, and moon all revolved around the earth.
b. all planets revolved around the sun.
c. the sun revolved around the earth but the other known planets revolved around the sun.
d. there was only one planet in the solar system.
____ 217. Which of the following proposed the geocentric theory?
a. Aristotle
c. Galileo
b. Copernicus
d. Johannes Kepler
____ 218. Which of the following published a book supporting the heliocentric theory?
a. Copernicus
c. Descartes
b. Ptolemy
d. Galen
____ 219. What new approach allowed scholars to gain new scientific knowledge?
a. financing by the Church
c. universal public education
b. the scientific method
d. the Inquisition
____ 220. Who wrote that without government, people’s lives were “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short”?
a. Locke
c. Hobbes
b. Montesquieu
d. Voltaire
____ 221. Which of following was written by Denis Diderot in order to promote knowledge?
a. the Encyclopedia
c. Leviathan
b. Candide
d. Two Treatises on Government
____ 222. In which country were the Enlightenment reforms of Emperor Joseph II opposed by the church and the nobility?
a. Japan
c. Prussia
b. Russia
d. Austria
“The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it. . . no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty,
or possessions. . . Every one. . . may not. . . take away, or impair. . . the life, the liberty, health, limb, or goods of
another.”
Two Treatises on Government, 1690
____ 223. Who wrote the passage from Two Treatises on Government?
a. Thomas Hobbes
c. Adam Smith
b. John Locke
d. Isaac Newton
____ 224. Why did the French and Indian War lead to increased taxes on Britain’s American colonies?
a. The colonists now had access to the French gold and silver mines in the Americas.
b. Because removing the French benefited the colonists, Britain decided to make the colonies
pay part of the cost.
c. The British feared that the colonists were planning a revolution and wanted to weaken them
economically.
d. The French won the war and wanted to punish the colonists.
____ 225. What slogan best expresses the outrage of colonial leaders in response to the Stamp Act?
a. Freedom of conscience for all!
b. No taxation without representation!
c. Governance by the mob must stop!
d. Civil government should defend the rich against the poor!
____ 226. Who wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence?
a. John Adams
c. John Locke
b. Thomas Paine
d. Thomas Jefferson
____ 227. Why did delegates meet at a Constitutional Convention in 1787?
a. to draft a Bill of Rights
b. to revise the Articles of Confederation
c. to declare war on Britain
d. to choose members of the Supreme Court
____ 228. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution because
a. some people argued the Constitution did not protect the rights of citizens.
b. framers believed the nation needed a stronger system of government.
c. leaders needed some guidance on how to create an effective court system.
d. Americans believed in equality and justice for all.
MSLStudy
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21. ANS:
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22. ANS:
C
PTS: 1
9.2.01 | 9.8.01 | 9.8.02
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01 | 9.6.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.01 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.01
C
PTS: 1
9.2.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.01 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.07
A
PTS: 1
9.2.07
C
PTS: 1
9.2.07 | 9.6.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.07 | 9.6.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.07 | 9.8.06
C
PTS: 1
9.2.07
B
PTS: 1
9.2.07
D
PTS: 1
9.2.07
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01 | 9.8.01 | 9.8.02
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01
A
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.2
STA:
23. ANS:
STA:
24. ANS:
STA:
25. ANS:
STA:
26. ANS:
STA:
27. ANS:
STA:
28. ANS:
STA:
29. ANS:
STA:
30. ANS:
STA:
31. ANS:
STA:
32. ANS:
STA:
33. ANS:
STA:
34. ANS:
STA:
35. ANS:
STA:
36. ANS:
STA:
37. ANS:
STA:
38. ANS:
STA:
39. ANS:
STA:
40. ANS:
STA:
41. ANS:
STA:
42. ANS:
STA:
43. ANS:
STA:
44. ANS:
STA:
45. ANS:
STA:
46. ANS:
9.2.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.01 | 9.8.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.07 | 9.6.01
C
PTS: 1
9.2.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.02
C
PTS: 1
9.2.02
D
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
C
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.02
C
PTS: 1
9.2.02
B
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.6.01 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.04
D
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
C
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.03
A
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.6.01 | 9.8.06
C
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.03
D
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.2.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 3.1.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.2.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.2.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.4.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.1.2
STA:
47. ANS:
STA:
48. ANS:
STA:
49. ANS:
STA:
50. ANS:
STA:
51. ANS:
STA:
52. ANS:
STA:
53. ANS:
STA:
54. ANS:
STA:
55. ANS:
STA:
56. ANS:
STA:
57. ANS:
STA:
58. ANS:
STA:
59. ANS:
STA:
60. ANS:
STA:
61. ANS:
STA:
62. ANS:
STA:
63. ANS:
STA:
64. ANS:
STA:
65. ANS:
STA:
66. ANS:
STA:
67. ANS:
STA:
68. ANS:
STA:
69. ANS:
STA:
70. ANS:
9.2.02
A
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.6.01 | 9.8.03
D
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.04
C
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.2.02 | 9.8.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.03
B
PTS: 1
9.2.03
A
PTS: 1
9.2.03
A
PTS: 1
9.2.03
D
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.8.04
C
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.6.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.8.02
A
PTS: 1
9.8.02
A
PTS: 1
9.2.03
A
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.8.03 | 9.8.04
A
PTS: 1
9.2.03
C
PTS: 1
9.2.03
C
PTS: 1
9.2.03
A
PTS: 1
9.2.03
D
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 5.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.4.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.4.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.5.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.5.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.5.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.3.1
STA:
71. ANS:
STA:
72. ANS:
STA:
73. ANS:
STA:
74. ANS:
STA:
75. ANS:
STA:
76. ANS:
STA:
77. ANS:
STA:
78. ANS:
STA:
79. ANS:
STA:
80. ANS:
STA:
81. ANS:
STA:
82. ANS:
STA:
83. ANS:
STA:
84. ANS:
STA:
85. ANS:
STA:
86. ANS:
STA:
87. ANS:
STA:
88. ANS:
STA:
89. ANS:
STA:
90. ANS:
STA:
91. ANS:
STA:
92. ANS:
STA:
93. ANS:
STA:
94. ANS:
9.2.03 | 9.6.01
D
PTS: 1
9.2.03 | 9.6.01
B
PTS: 1
9.6.02 | 9.8.01 | 9.8.02
A
PTS: 1
9.8.02
C
PTS: 1
9.2.03
A
PTS: 1
9.2.03
B
PTS: 1
9.2.05
B
PTS: 1
9.2.05
D
PTS: 1
9.2.05
C
PTS: 1
9.2.05
C
PTS: 1
9.2.05
B
PTS: 1
9.2.05 | 9.6.01 | 9.6.02
B
PTS: 1
9.2.05 | 9.8.04
D
PTS: 1
9.2.05 | 9.6.01| 9.6.02
A
PTS: 1
9.2.04
C
PTS: 1
9.2.04
B
PTS: 1
9.2.04
C
PTS: 1
9.2.04
C
PTS: 1
9.2.04
A
PTS: 1
9.2.04
B
PTS: 1
9.2.04 | 9.6.01
A
PTS: 1
9.2.04 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.04 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.2.05
C
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.4.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.5.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 6.5.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.2
STA:
95. ANS:
STA:
96. ANS:
STA:
97. ANS:
STA:
98. ANS:
STA:
99. ANS:
STA:
100. ANS:
STA:
101. ANS:
STA:
102. ANS:
STA:
103. ANS:
STA:
104. ANS:
STA:
105. ANS:
STA:
106. ANS:
STA:
107. ANS:
STA:
108. ANS:
STA:
109. ANS:
STA:
110. ANS:
STA:
111. ANS:
STA:
112. ANS:
STA:
113. ANS:
STA:
114. ANS:
STA:
115. ANS:
STA:
116. ANS:
STA:
117. ANS:
STA:
118. ANS:
9.2.05
D
9.2.05 | 9.8.04
C
9.2.04
B
9.2.04
B
9.2.05
B
9.2.05 | 9.8.04
C
9.2.05 | 9.8.04
B
9.2.04
B
9.3.02
B
9.3.02 | 9.8.06
D
9.3.02 | 9.8.03
A
9.3.02 | 9.8.04
B
9.3.02 | 9.6.01
C
9.3.02
A
9.3.02 | 9.8.02
D
9.3.02 | 9.8.02
B
9.3.02 | 9.8.04
A
9.3.02 | 9.8.04
D
9.3.02 | 9.8.04
C
9.3.02
B
9.3.02
B
9.3.02 | 9.8.06
D
9.3.02
D
9.3.02 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.2.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.3
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.3.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.1.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 3
NAT: 8.2.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 8.2.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 3
NAT: 8.3.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.1.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.1.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.4.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.2.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.3.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.4.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.5.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.5.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.2.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.2.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.2.3
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.1.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.1.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.1.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.1.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.2.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.2.2
STA:
119. ANS:
STA:
120. ANS:
STA:
121. ANS:
STA:
122. ANS:
STA:
123. ANS:
STA:
124. ANS:
STA:
125. ANS:
STA:
126. ANS:
STA:
127. ANS:
STA:
128. ANS:
STA:
129. ANS:
STA:
130. ANS:
STA:
131. ANS:
STA:
132. ANS:
STA:
133. ANS:
STA:
134. ANS:
STA:
135. ANS:
STA:
136. ANS:
STA:
137. ANS:
STA:
138. ANS:
STA:
139. ANS:
STA:
140. ANS:
STA:
141. ANS:
STA:
142. ANS:
9.3.02 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.8.04
C
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.6.01
C
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.6.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.6.01
A
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.8.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.02
B
PTS: 1
9.3.02
C
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.8.02
A
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.8.02
D
PTS: 1
9.3.02 | 9.8.02
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.03 | 9.8.04
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.7.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.6.06 | 9.8.01 | 9.8.03
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.6.06 | 9.8.01 | 9.8.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.6.06 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.6.06 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.6.06 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.5.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.5.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 13.5.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.3.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.4.1
STA:
143. ANS:
STA:
144. ANS:
STA:
145. ANS:
STA:
146. ANS:
STA:
147. ANS:
STA:
148. ANS:
STA:
149. ANS:
STA:
150. ANS:
STA:
151. ANS:
STA:
152. ANS:
STA:
153. ANS:
STA:
154. ANS:
STA:
155. ANS:
STA:
156. ANS:
STA:
157. ANS:
STA:
158. ANS:
STA:
159. ANS:
STA:
160. ANS:
STA:
161. ANS:
STA:
162. ANS:
STA:
163. ANS:
STA:
164. ANS:
STA:
165. ANS:
STA:
166. ANS:
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.7.01
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.6.06 | 9.8.01 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.6.06 | 9.8.01
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.8.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.04
A
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.8.03 | 9.8.04
A
PTS: 1
9.3.04
C
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
D
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
A
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
B
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.05 | 9.8.03 | 9.8.04
C
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.05 | 9.8.03 | 9.8.04
A
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.6.04
A
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.07 | 9.6.04
C
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.07 | 9.6.04
B
PTS: 1
9.3.05 | 9.6.01 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.05 | 9.6.01
B
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 15.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.2
STA:
167. ANS:
STA:
168. ANS:
STA:
169. ANS:
STA:
170. ANS:
STA:
171. ANS:
STA:
172. ANS:
STA:
173. ANS:
STA:
174. ANS:
STA:
175. ANS:
STA:
176. ANS:
STA:
177. ANS:
STA:
178. ANS:
STA:
179. ANS:
STA:
180. ANS:
STA:
181. ANS:
STA:
182. ANS:
STA:
183. ANS:
STA:
184. ANS:
STA:
185. ANS:
STA:
186. ANS:
STA:
187. ANS:
STA:
188. ANS:
STA:
189. ANS:
STA:
190. ANS:
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
C
PTS: 1
9.3.05 | 9.6.01 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.05 | 9.6.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.6.04
C
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
D
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
C
PTS: 1
9.3.05 | 9.6.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.04
B
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.05 | 9.8.03 | 9.8.04
A
PTS: 1
9.3.04 | 9.3.06 | 9.3.07 | 9.8.04
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.4.01
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03 | 9.4.01
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.4.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 16.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.3.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.3.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.4.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.4.2
STA:
191. ANS:
STA:
192. ANS:
STA:
193. ANS:
STA:
194. ANS:
STA:
195. ANS:
STA:
196. ANS:
STA:
197. ANS:
STA:
198. ANS:
STA:
199. ANS:
STA:
200. ANS:
STA:
201. ANS:
STA:
202. ANS:
STA:
203. ANS:
STA:
204. ANS:
STA:
205. ANS:
STA:
206. ANS:
STA:
207. ANS:
STA:
208. ANS:
STA:
209. ANS:
STA:
210. ANS:
STA:
211. ANS:
STA:
212. ANS:
STA:
213. ANS:
STA:
214. ANS:
9.3.03
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03
A
PTS: 1
9.3.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03
D
PTS: 1
9.3.03
C
PTS: 1
9.3.03
B
PTS: 1
9.3.03
B
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02
A
PTS: 1
9.8.06
C
PTS: 1
9.8.06
C
PTS: 1
9.8.06
D
PTS: 1
9.4.01
A
PTS: 1
9.4.01
A
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
D
PTS: 1
9.4.01 | 9.8.03
D
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.4.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.4.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.1.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.3.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.4.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 18.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
DIF: 3
NAT: 19.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
STA:
215. ANS:
STA:
216. ANS:
STA:
217. ANS:
STA:
218. ANS:
STA:
219. ANS:
STA:
220. ANS:
STA:
221. ANS:
STA:
222. ANS:
STA:
223. ANS:
STA:
224. ANS:
STA:
225. ANS:
STA:
226. ANS:
STA:
227. ANS:
STA:
228. ANS:
STA:
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
A
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02
C
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02
A
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
A
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02
B
PTS: 1
9.7.01 | 9.7.02 | 9.8.03
C
PTS: 1
9.8.06
A
PTS: 1
9.8.06
D
PTS: 1
9.8.06
B
PTS: 1
9.8.06
B
PTS: 1
9.4.01
B
PTS: 1
9.4.01
D
PTS: 1
9.4.01 | 9.8.03
B
PTS: 1
9.4.01 | 9.8.03
A
PTS: 1
9.4.01 | 9.8.03
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.3
DIF: 1
NAT: 19.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.1.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.2.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.2.4
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.2.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.3.1
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.3.2
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.3.3
DIF: 2
NAT: 19.3.3