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B.R.A.I.N. Treatment Techniques
Breathing, Relaxation, Autogenics,
Imagery, & grouNding
Chest (Thoracic) Breathing
Diaphragmatic Breathing
Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise
• Chest (thoracic) breathing vs. abdominal
(diaphragmatic) breathing
• Hand on stomach should rise more than
hand on chest
• “breathe in relaxation…breathe out tension”
Muscle Relaxation
• “Fight-or-Flight” response causes muscle
tension
• Learn to sense the difference between tense
muscles and relaxed ones
Muscle Relaxation (Hands)
Muscle Group Relaxation
• Head, face, throat & shoulders
• Chest, stomach & lower back
• Thighs, buttocks, calves & feet
• Hands, forearms, & biceps
• Tense for 5 sec. Release for 20 sec.
Muscle Relaxation (Cont’d)
Autogenics
•
Central Nervous System = Brain & Spinal Cord
•
Peripheral Nervous System = SNS + ANS
–
Somatic Nervous System = Voluntary Muscles
–
Autonomic Nervous System = Involuntary Muscles
•
•
Sympathetic Division  Fight-or-Flight Response
Parasympathetic Division  Relaxation Response
Autogenics (CNS vs ANS)
Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic
Autogenics
(with Respiratory Synchronization)
My breathing is deep and slow
My heartbeat is slow and regular
My hands and arms are so warm and so heavy
My feet and legs are so warm and so heavy
My forehead is cool and dry
Inhale
Exhale
Inhale
Imagery
• Positive Multisensory Mental Imagery
• Create a Protection Around the Safe Place
• Core Person/Safe Place Exercise
– Pair Autogenics with Multisensory Imagery
Imagery (Cont’d)
• Brain doesn’t know difference between real
thing (e.g., favourite food) and mental
image of that thing.
• The same response is generated (saliva, etc)
Imagery (Cont’d)
CORE PERSON / SAFE PLACE EXERCISE
(“Visualize the most calm, safe place you have experienced or can imagine”)
AutogenicsMultisensory Imagery
1. My hands & arms are warm & heavy 1.
What do you see? (movement,
colour)
2. My breathing is deep & slow
2.
What do you hear? (waves,
nature)
3. My heartbeat is slow & regular
3.
What do you feel? (wind, sun,
water)
4. My feet & legs are warm & heavy
4.
What do you smell? (fragrance)
5. My forehead is cool & dry
5.
What do you taste? (drink, food)
Imagery (Cont’d)
Grounding
• Reconnect to the World in the moment
• Sensate Focus
• Cook’s Hook-Ups & Cross-Crawl
– Restores Hemispheric Balance in Brain
– Lowers Distress
Grounding – Sensate Focus
What do you hear?
What do you see?
What do you feel (touch)?
What do you smell?
What do you taste?
Grounding – Cook’s Hook-ups
• Cross left leg over right with right leg
perpendicular to the floor.
• Take right hand and grasp shin between
knee and ankle.
• Cross left hand and arm over right hand and
arm, and grasp shin closer to ankle (or place
left palm on bottom of left foot if you don’t
have shoes on).
Grounding (Cross-Crawl 1)
Grounding (Cross-Crawl 2)