Download 1 - Student Assessment Questions

# 1 - Student Assessment Questions – Evidence for Evolution
Questions
1. Limbs or bone structures that are similar across species due to shared ancestry are called
a. hereditary structures.
c. homologous structures.
b. homozygous structures.
d. homogenous structures.
2. Which pair of organisms is likely to have the most similar bone structure in their feet?
a. organisms that share 95% of their DNA.
b. organisms that share 80% of their DNA.
c. organisms that share 65% of their DNA.
d. organisms that share 50% of their DNA.
3. Propose an explanation for the similarities of the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin in animals
as diverse as birds, horses, gorillas, and humans.
#2 - Student Assessment Questions – Biological Classification
Questions
1. In which taxonomic group would all members of the group have the most common characteristics?
a. Species
c. Kingdom
b. Genus
d. Family
2. Which of the following is the correct way to write a scientific name?
a. Homo sapiens
b. homo Sapiens
c. homo sapiens
3. Complete the first column in the table below to show the taxonomic groups. Which two organisms are the most closely related and at which taxonomic level do they diverge?
Taxa
Chimpanzee
Bonobo
Western Gorilla Humans
Animal
Animal
Animal
Animal
Chordate
Chordate
Chordate
Chordate
Mammal
Mammal
Mammal
Mammal
Primate
Primate
Primate
Primate
Hominid
Hominid
Hominid
Hominid
Pan
Pan
Gorilla
Homo
troglodytes
paniscus
gorilla
sapiens
#3 - Student Assessment Questions – Evolution and Selection
Questions
1. Which of the following could cause changes in populations of organisms over time?
a. The environment
c. Human choices
b. Geographic separation
d. All of these.
2. Which of the following explains why selection can cause populations of organisms to change?
a. It teaches organisms how to survive better in their environments.
b. It allows some organisms to survive and produce offspring while others do not.
c. It causes changes in organisms to help them in their everyday lives.
d. It chooses certain organisms with good traits over other organisms with bad traits.
3. People who are prescribed an antibiotic for a bacterial infection are supposed to use all of the
prescription even if they feel better quickly. Use your knowledge of artificial selection to
explain why.
#4 - Student Assessment Questions – Selection and Speciation
Questions
1. Which type of selection has probably occurred in a population of turtles with large jaws and
small jaws, but no medium-sized jaws?
a. Directional selection.
b. Disruptive selection.
c. Evolutionary selection.
d. Stabilizing selection.
2. What type of selection has occurred in the poultry industry where birds with extremely large
breasts are preferred? Explain your reasoning.
3. Researchers find very similar bird species on islands off the coast of Australia. The birds have
similar morphology and serve similar roles in their respective niches. What questions might the
researchers need to ask in order to determine if the two populations represent the same species?
#5 - Student Assessment Questions – Phylogenetic Trees
Questions
1. Use the diagram to determine which of the following pairs are most closely related.
a. Gray Whale & Sei Whale
B. bonaerensis (Southern Minke Whale)
b. Sei Whale & Bryde’s Whale
B. acutorostrata (Northern Minke Whale)
B. physalus (Fin Whale)
c. Bryde’s Whale & Pygmy Bryde’s Whale
B. edeni (Pygmy Bryde’s Whale)
d. Blue Whale & Bryde’s Whale
B. borealis (Sei Whale)
B. brydei (Bryde’s Whale)
B. musculus (Blue Whale)
Megaptera novaeangliae (Humpback Whale)
Eschrichtius robustus (Gray Whale)
2. The section of a gene from several species is analyzed. The DNA sequence from organism X is
ATTCGCTATCGTAT. Which organism below is most closely related to organism X?
a. Organism A—ATTCGCTATCGTAT
c. Organism C—TAACGGATAGCATT
b. Organism B—TAACCGATAGCATT
d. Organism D—TAAGCGTTTCCATT
3. Compare the accuracy of determining relatedness through morphology and behaviors versus
looking at neutral mutations in DNA sequences.
#6 - Student Assessment Questions – Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Questions
1. In the Hardy-Weinberg equations p and q refer to the
a. Frequencies of phenotypes in a population.
b. Frequencies of genotypes in a population.
c. Frequencies of alleles in a population.
d. None of the above.
2. If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of the following is NOT true?
a. The population is not evolving.
b. The allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next.
c. The number of individuals each generation is the same.
d. The genotype frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next.
3. What are the five conditions that must be met in order for a population to be considered in
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
#7 - Student Assessment Questions – Mass Extinctions
Questions
1. How many mass extinctions are recorded in the geologic history of the Earth?
a. Two.
c. Five.
b. Four.
d. Seven.
2. Compare and contrast the immediate effect of a mass extinction event with the long-term effect
on biodiversity.
3. Explain how the long-term effects of a mass extinction can lead to adaptive radiation opportunities
for the survivors.