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Brain Boost -Get out signed Progress Report -Answer the following questions: 1. What two weather phenomenon occur within the Ring of Fire? 2. What is the difference between erosion and deposition? Review! What are the two types of processes that shape earth’s surface? Ecological and Physical Processes What weather phenomenon occurs when two tectonic plates meet and build pressure? Earthquakes What can be described as a vent through which magma erupts? Volcanic Eruptions What is the wearing away of the earth’s surface? Erosion What is the deposit of sediment in the process of erosion? Deposition Human Impact on the Environment What are some ways that humans impact the environment? Dams • Humans build dams to control the flooding of rivers and to create hydroelectric power. • Examples of manmade dams: Hoover Dam in Arizona and Nevada, Aswan High Dam in Egypt Canals • Humans build canals to connect two bodies of water, usually resulting in shorter trade routes. • Examples of canals: Erie Canal, Panama Canal, Suez Canal Reservoirs • A reservoir is a place where humans collect water for future use Irrigation • Humans often divert (change the direction) water from a river or lake toward a field being used for agriculture • Examples: Colorado River is being diverted for the purpose of irrigating the fields in the southwest United States; the rivers feeding into the Aral Sea in central Asia are being diverted resulting in the shrinking of the Aral Sea Agricultural Terracing • In mountainous regions, humans cut or carve steps out of the mountainside to create level areas for the purpose of agriculture. • Examples: Rice Terracing in Chinese Mountains and Southeast Asia, terracing in Andes Mountains of South America Polders • In low-lying areas, humans may “reclaim” the land from the sea, which is actually pumping the water off the land for the purpose of agriculture. • Example: the polders of the Netherlands Deforestation • Humans cut down trees in areas, usually for the purposes of habitation, agriculture, and the selling of forest resources. Examples: cutting down of rainforests in Nepal, Brazil (Amazon Rainforest) and Malaysia Desertification • Humans continue to practice pastoralism. The animals overgraze semiarid (steppe) areas resulting in the loss of grasslands in the areas. As the grasslands disappear the land reverts to arid (desert) conditions. • Examples: the Sahel region of Africa is shrinking due to desertification Acid Rain • Humans continue to create air pollution in industrialized regions. This pollution is usually the result of industrial and automotive exhausts. The pollution is usually acid rain, but can also be in the form of snow, sleet or hail. Examples: the Black Forest in Germany, forests of Scandinavia and China, the forest areas of Eastern North America (especially Boswash-between Boston and Washington D.C.) Pollution • Humans contaminate the environment with harmful substances in both industrialized and under-developed regions. Pollution can be in the forms of soil, water, or air. Examples: Mexico City, the nuclear explosion in Chernobyl, oil spill Matching Game! Find your partner or partners and find a place to stand in the classroom Technological Impact on the Environment Technology has expanded people’s capability to modify and adapt to their physical environment. Agriculture • Use of fertilizers, advanced farm machinery (mechanization) and pesticides Energy Use • The use of nuclear energy and the burning of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas and oil) Transportation • The use of road building skills to aid in quicker transportation, building of railways and airports Automobiles • The clearing of forests and grasslands to create parking lots and housing in suburbs Airplanes • The construction of airports and expansions to existing airports, the problem of noise pollution from the airplane engines Examples of how technology has expanded the environmental impact on humans include: Settlement Patterns Housing materials Agricultural Activity Types of Recreation Transportation Patterns Exit Ticket: Examples of how the environment impacts humans Homework: Complete Study Guide and study for…………. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY TEST NEXT CLASS!!!!!!!!