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Physics project
Earth has many different types of landforms.
Some of the major types include mountains,
valleys, plateaus, glaciers, hills, loess,
plains, and deserts. These landforms are created
by a variety of natural forces such as erosion
from water and wind, plate movement, folding and
faulting, and volcanic activity.
Mountains can arise where the Earth’s crust
experienced folding or faulting. Fault-block
mountains are formed when Earth’s crust cracked
and was pushed upward. Volcanic mountains form
when hot magma from deep in Earth’s interior
breaks through the crust and builds up on the
surface.
Plains are mostly level topography that ranges
from gently rolling too completely flat. Such
landforms are common in areas of extensive
sediment accumulation. Higher-elevation plains
also exist.
Plateaus can be thought of as elevated plains –
that is, elevated flattish areas – bordered on
at least one side by lower-lying land and often
edged by fairly abrupt scarps. These terrain
features may derive from very old mountains
eroded down over time, while others form by
block-faulting.
As for the principle of conservation of energy,
it states that energy cannot be created or
destroyed but can only be transformed from one
form to another. For example, when an object is
lifted to a certain height above the ground, it
gains potential energy due to its position. When
it is released and falls back to the ground,
this potential energy is converted into kinetic
energy as it gains speed.
Here’s a simple model to illustrate this
conversion: Imagine a ball at the top of a hill.
The ball has potential energy due to its
position at the top of the hill. When the ball
rolls down the hill, its potential energy is
converted into kinetic energy as it gains speed.
At the bottom of the hill, all of its potential
energy has been converted into kinetic energy.