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METALS
Examples: iron, steel and brass
Sources: metal ores in Earth’s crust
1
Plastics
• Examples: nylon and polystyrene
• Source: crude oil
2
Ceramics
• Examples: china,bricks and pots
• Sources: clay, sand and other materials
3
Glass
• Examples of glass: pyrex, lead and crystal
• The sources of glass are: limestone and other
materials
4
FIBERS
• Examples of materials: cotton, wool and
polyestere
The sources of fibers are: plants and animals
5
FEATURES:
THE
MATERIALS
1)
Number of materials
2) Factors of elements:
Properties,the mass,any climatic,chemical and
machining requirement
3) There is a better material
for each situation.
4) MATERIALS ARE FROM THE
ELEMENTS!
6
4 EXAMPLE OF ALL
ELEMENTS
ALKALI
METALS
ALKALINE
HEART
METALS
Sodium
Radium
calcium, barium and other…
NON-METALS
Arsenic
OTHER
MATERIALS
Sulfur
oxygen, nitrogen and other…
Aluminium
Tungsten
Strontium
Hydrogen
lithium, potassium and other…
TRANSITIONA
L METALS
Lead
Cobalt
chromium, manganese and
other…
Bismuth, polinium and
other…
NOBLE GASES
Elium
Xenon
Radon, krypton and
other…
7
The ATOM
Nucleus
Electrons
Neutrons
Protons
8
Metals and Non-Metals
APPEARANCE
METALS
NON-METALS
Shiny, ductile, malleable
Non metals are dull. They
are neither ductile, nor
malleable
MELTING AND Usually higher than nonBOILING POINTS
HEAT CONDUCTIVITY
metals
Usually lower than
metals, many are gases
Good conductor of heat
Poor conductors of heat
SPECIFIC WEIGHT Heavier than non-metals
CONDUCTORS OF
ELECTRICITY
Good conductors
Lighter than metals
Poor conductors
9
ALUMINIUM
10
IT’S USED
IN…
RESISTANT
MATERIAL
LEAD
LEAD IS RESISTANT TO
OXIDATION,IT HAS BEEN WIDELY
USED IN THE PAST FOR ROOFING
AND WATER PIPES;IT HAS A LOW
MELTING POINT
COMMON
METAL
IT IS A SHIELD AGAINST
RADIATION AND IS A POOR
CONDUCTOR OF ELECTRICITY
AND RESISTS CORROSION BY
ACIDS
IN BATTERIES,GLASS
CERAMICS AND VARIOUS
ALLOYS SUCH AS PEWTER
AND SOLDER
CHARACTERISTICS
THE LEAD IS RESISTANT TO
OXIDATION,IT HAS BEEN WIDELY USED
IN THE PAST FOR ROOFING AND WATER
PIPES;IT HAS A LOW MELTING POINT
>COPPER<
-
ORANGE-PINK
VERY MALLEABLE
DUCTILE
COPPER AGE
BRASS
Brass is an alloy
Brass consists of copper mixed with
zinc
Rubbers
-Applications
-Elastic properties
-Designers
TOOLS
SAW
Saw is used to cut
wood or metals
the handle is made
up of wood/plastic
while the upper
part of steel
HAMMER
It Is used to hammer
nails
The handle is made
of wood/plastic
while the upper
part is made of iron
and steel
DRILL
It is used to make
holes
The drill is made up
of plastic and the
drill bit of steel
SPANNER
It is used to loosen
nuts
It is made up of
steel
PLIERS
It is used to bend
wires
The handle is made
up of plastic or
rubber while the
upper part is made
of steel
SCREWDRIVER
It is used to screw
and unscrew
The handle is made
up of plastic or
rubber while the
upper part is made
of steel
Grazie
• I nostri ringraziamenti vanno:
» Al D.S. Prof. Marzagalli
» Alla Prof.ssa Parini, Alla Prof.ssa Crepaldi
» Al Prof. Cacciato
» Alla 2 ATER.