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Geology Evolution Vocab 1. Relative Dating/Age – the age of a rock or fossil when compared to another rock or fossil 2. Absolute Dating/Age – the actual age of a rock or fossil, or how long ago it formed 3. Law of Superposition – in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rocks, older layers of rock beneath younger rock layers 4. Radioactive Dating – a way to measure the age of a material by comparing the amount of decayed radioactive element present in the item 5. Half-Life – the amount of time required for half of the radioactive material to decay in an item 6. Geology – the study of Earth’s history, processes, and structures 7. Geologic time scale – a timeline that organizes major events in the Earth’s history 8. Fossil – the preserved remains or evidence of an organism that lived in a past age 9. Index fossil – a fossil that is useful for dating geologic layers because the organism only lived for a short period of time 10. Ice core – a cylinder of ice removed from an ice sheet 11. Intrusion- the forcing of molten rock into an earlier rock formation 12. Extrusion – rock formation form when weathering erodes newer rock, exposing older rock 13. Fault – a break or crack in the Earth’s surface along which movement occurs
