Download Meiosis and Human Fertilisation Questions

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Meiosis and Human Fertilisation Exam
Questions
39 marks
1.
(a)
Describe two features of a human sperm cell and explain how they allow it to carry out
fertilisation.
Feature 1 ......................................................................................................................
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Explanation..................................................................................................................
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Feature 2 ......................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
Explanation..................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(4)
(b)
Name the type of nuclear division by which sperm cells are produced, and which
introduces variation through random assortment.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
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(c)
In his lifetime a man produces many millions of sperm cells and yet he is most unlikely to
have more than ten children. Suggest a biological advantage of producing such vast
numbers of sperms.
.....................................................................................................................................
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(2)
(Total 7 marks)
2.
(a)
The diagram below shows the results of two different types of cell division, A and B, in
an animal cell with six chromosomes.
New skin
cell
A
Animal
cell
B
Gamete
Name the types of cell division indicated by A and B.
A ..................................................................................................................................
B ..................................................................................................................................
(2)
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(b)
The diagram below shows the fusion of two gametes.
Gamete
Gamete
(i)
Name the process by which gametes fuse.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Name the type of cell formed by this process.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(c)
The diagram below shows a sperm cell.
X
Y
Z
Name the organelles labelled X, Y, and Z.
X ..................................................................................................................................
Y ..................................................................................................................................
Z ..................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
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3.
Cell A in the diagram below has two pairs of chromosomes. Cell B is one of four cells that were
produced from cell A by cell division.
(a)
State the type of cell division which has occurred to produce cell B, and give a reason for
your answer.
Type of cell division .....................................................................................................
Reason ..........................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
Explain what happened during this cell division which resulted in the different appearance
of chromosome P.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(c)
Give the exact location in a human male where this type of cell division occurs.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
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4.
The diagrams below show some of the stages of meiosis I in an animal cell.
(a)
State the diploid (2n) number of this cell.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Write the letters in the correct order to show the sequence of stages in meiosis I.
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c)
Explain the importance of meiosis in spermatogenesis (sperm production).
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
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(d)
Semen contains about 100 million sperm per cm3. Suggest why the chances of fertilisation
are significantly reduced if this number falls below about 30 million per cm3.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
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(2)
(Total 7 marks)
5.
Read through the following account relating to sexual reproduction. Write on each dotted line
the most appropriate word to complete the account.
A sperm is produced by a special kind of nuclear division called......................................
In this type of division the chromosome number of the normal body cell is
..................................... The chromosomes are .................................... assorted which
increases genetic variation.
A sperm can only fertilise an egg by penetrating the jelly surrounding the egg
membrane. The head of the sperm releases .................................... which allow the
sperm to reach the egg membrane. This process is called the ....................................
reaction. Fertilisation produces a diploid cell called a .................................... which
divides by ..................................... to form an embryo.
(Total 7 marks)
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6.
Complete the table below by placing in each box a tick ( ) if you would expect the feature to be
present or a cross ( ) if you would expect it to be absent.
The first row has been done for you.
Feature
Sperm
Egg
Tail
Haploid nucleus
Acrosome present
Mitochondria present
Cytoplasm containing
many lipid droplets
Use ATP for movement
(Total 5 marks)
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