Download CLOZEkeyGUIDELINES

WHY WE DO CLOZE TESTS:
 THERE'S BOUND TO BE A CLOZE TEST-TYPE ACTIVITY IN THE FINAL
EXAM.
 IT'S GOOD READING PRACTICE.
 WE'LL BE TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THESE KINDS OF ACTIVITIES TO
REMIND YOU OF INTERESTING GRAMMAR/VOCABULARY POINTS.
___________________________________________________
GUIDELINES:
DON'T DWELL ON ANY GIVEN GAP. MOVE ON. SOMETIMES YOU CAN FIND WHAT YOU
NEED ELSEWHERE IN THE TEXT. NARROWING DOWN THE NUMBER OF AVAILABLE
ANSWERS USUALLY HELPS.
IT MAY BE NECESSARY TO REREAD THE WHOLE SENTENCE -EVEN THE WHOLE
PARAGRAPH. PAY SPECIAL ATTENTION TO WHAT COMES RIGHT BEFORE THE GAP AND
WHAT FOLLOWS RIGHT AFTER (INCLUDING PUNCTUATION). WHAT WORD CATEGORY
WOULD BE GRAMMATICAL? A VERB? A NOUN? A PREPOSITION? AN ADJECTIVE? AN
ADVERB? AN ARTICLE/ DETERMINER/ PRONOUN? AN INTERJECTION?
PRACTICAL GUIDELINE:
FLIP THOROUGH ALL THE AVAILABLE ANSWERS: "CARRIED OUT TESTS HOWEVER 104
PEOPLE", "CARRIED OUT TESTS THAT 104 PEOPLE", "CARRIED OUT TESTS EARLY 104
PEOPLE", ETC. AND SELECT THE ONES YOU THINK MIGHT FIT IN GRAMMATICALLY AND
MAKE SENSE.
KEY TO BEING BILINGUAL 'PROTECTS BRAIN'
1 - ON (COMPARE: WORK ON, FOCUS ON...)
2 - RATHER (HERE, =INSTEAD OF, AS OPPOSED TO)
3 - SHARPER
4 - BEING
5 - LIKELY (BE LIKELY TO... She's likely to pass her exams.)
6 - MAY
7 - BACK UP
8 - ASSESSED
9 - INVOLVED
10 - REASONING
11 - EDUCATED
12 - FAR (FAR LESS, FAR MORE = MUCH LESS, MUCH MORE. "WAY LESS" IS
POSSIBLE IN INFORMAL ENGLISH, BUT WOULD BE OUT OF PLACE HERE.)
13 - DECLINE
14 - OFFSET
15 - WELCOMED
16 - EARLY (HERE IT'S AN ADJECTIVE)
17 - HOWEVER
18 - AS (HERE IT MEANS "BECAUSE" 'YA QUE')
19 - BENEFITS
20 - LATER (HERE IT'S AN ADJECTIVE)
TELL ME YOUR SCORE IN CLASS
Researchers from York University in Canada carried out tests_(1)__________104 people
between the ages of 30 and 88. They found that those who were fluent in two languages
_(2)__________than just one were _(3)__________mentally. Writing in the journal of
Psychology and Ageing, they said _(4)__________bilingual may protect against mental
decline in old age. Previous studies have shown that keeping the brain active can protect
against senile dementia. Alzheimer's Society Research has shown that people who play
musical instruments, dance or read regularly may be less _(5)__________ to develop the
condition. Other activities like doing crosswords or playing board games _(6)__________
also help. This latest study appears to _(7)__________ the theory that language skills also
have a protective effect. Dr Ellen Bialystok and colleagues at York University
_(8)__________the cognitive skills of all those _(9)__________in the study using a variety
of widely recognized tests. They tested their vocabulary skills, their non-verbal
_(10)__________ability and their reaction time. Half of the volunteers came from Canada
and spoke only English. The other half came from India and were fluent in both English
and Tamil. The volunteers had similar backgrounds in the sense that they were all
_(11)__________to degree level and were all middle class. The researchers found that the
people who were fluent in English and Tamil responded faster than those who were fluent
in just English. This applied to all age groups. The researchers also found that the bilingual
volunteers were
_(12)__________less likely to suffer
from
the
mental
_(13)__________associated with old age. "The bilinguals were more efficient at all ages
tested and showed a slower rate of decline for some processes with aging," they said. "It
appears...that bilingualism helps to _(14)__________age-related losses." The UK's
Alzheimer's
Society
_(15)__________the
study.
"These
findings,
that
_(16)__________development of second language may improve a specific aspect of
cognitive function in later life, are very interesting," said Professor Clive Ballard, its director
of research. "It is a possibility that the acquisition of a second language in early childhood
may influence the process of the development of neuronal circuits. "_(17)__________, the
results of this particular study need to be interpreted cautiously _(18)__________they
were comparing groups of individual of different nationalities, educated in different
systems. "It is also well recognized that education in general can bestow
_(19)__________on cognitive function in_(20)__________ life."
however
that
benefits
early
tests
likely
reasoning folks
about
later
the
moreover back up
on
maybe
welcomed probable
far
being
more
rather
involved
decline
as
way
rejected
assessed for
offset
educated
may
sharper
soon
contradicted