Download Palate - Dentistry 09

Palate
Anatomylec #19
Apirl,24,2011
As we know palate form roof of the mouth and floor of
nose.Its divided into two parts: 1) hard palate ,ant 2\3.
2) soft palate ,post 1\3.
Each of these part covered by mucosa.
The first part of the palate is the hard palate ,its
representing the ant 2\3 of the whole palate . Hard palate
has fram work ,form by 2 bones:
1. Ant 2\3  formed by palatine process of maxilla.
2. post 1\3 formed by the horizontal plate of palatine
bone .
Within the hard palate their foramen and they are 5 in
number :
1. Incisive foramen .
2. R & L greater palatine foramen .
3. R&L lesser palatine foramen.
 Layers of hard palate
From in to out ,or deep to superficial :
1. Mucoperiosteum lining bone , the two bones ( palatine
process of maxilla and horizontal plate of palatine )
and its mixed mucus membrane.
2. Masticatory mucosa : its thick, Keratinized stratified
squamous epithelium ; to resist attrition (erosion)
cause its subjected to wear and tear .
3. numerous mucous gland underlying the mucosa.
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Soft palate
Its like curtain , suspended from post border of the hard
palate and its post part movable ;to close oropharyngeal
isthmus . it move up and down ,up during swallowing or
speaking to close the oropharyenx .
 parts of soft palate:
1. Ant : Aponeurotic palate ,aponeurosis originate from
tenasor veli palatine .
2. Post : Muscular palate .
3. Uvula : conical process that hangs from middle of
posterior free margin or border of soft palate.
 Structre of palate:
1. Coverd by mucous membrane ,above respiratory
mucous membrane “psudostratified columnar ciliated”
but bellow by oral mucosa.
2. mucous gland .
3. lumph tissue.
4. palatine aponeurosis (most ant).
5. 5 muscle.
LOOK at page 8 from the slide ..it shows palate from the
post view and many parts : base of the skull, nasal septum ,
choana, nasopharynx ,post 1\3 of the tongue ,epiglottis,and
larangyal inlet .
 Muscles of the soft palate
-2 descend from the skull : tensor veli ,lavatory veli .
- Muscle descend from the palate : palatoglossus
,palatopharyngeus ,uvula m.
Remember ..
- From medial pterygoid palte process like spine ,hamulus,
descending down .
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-Eustachian tube contain 2 parts : cartilaginous and bone.
-Auditory tube part of petrous bone .
-Spine of sphenoid ant to it foramen spinosum.
 Tensor veli paltine .
- o: adiatory tube & petrous bone  then it will descend
down & wide around hamulus then it will interdegitat to the
opposite side tensor viili to form the expanded palatine
apponeurosis .
-n: nerve to medial petrygoid n from mandibullar n.
- a: tenses soft palate.
 Lvator veli palatine .
-o; petrous bone .
-I : palatine aponeurosis .
-n : vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus .
- a :elevate soft palate to close the isthmus between
nasopharynx and oropharynx .
*Clinically we tested directly by asking the patient to say
‘ah’.
*Normally the palate elevates in the midline .abnormally
the deviates away from midian (opposite side of the n.
injury ),if the Ris paralyzed it well deviate to ward the left
side ..
 Palatoglossus.(form the ant. Arch )
- o: palatine aponeurosis .
-i: post lateral of tongue .
-a : elevat the tongue .
-n: vagus n. through pharayngeal plexus .
 Palatopharyngeus.
Form the post arch of the oropharyngeal plexus ,and
between the ant and post arch tonsils are located .
-o:palatine aponeurosis .
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-I : pharynx .
-a : elevate the pharynx and depress the palate to close the
oropharyngeal isthmus during swallowing .
-n : vagas n via pharyngeal plexus .
 MusclesUvulae.
One from ant and the other from post .
-o: palatine aponeurtic .
-i: both blend ,united, at the midline .
-n: vagus n..
-a: elevate and retracts the uvula to assist levator veli
palatine.
*Note all palate m. are supply by the vagus n except the
tensor veli via neve to medial pterygoid .
 Arterial supply .
1.Greater palatine a.:
from descending avia palatine canal  emerging via
greater palatine foramen  continue ant & pass through
incisive foramen to nasal septum .
a. up
n.  dive down
2.Lesser palatine a. :
from descending a.  emerging through palatine canal
via lesser palatine foramen  supply soft palate .
 Nerve supply to the hard palate mucosa.
All of them from maxlliary n. through greater palatine n.
at ptrygopalatine foramen it will pass through palatine
canal  greater palatine canal then to foramen .
*So pain in hard palate transvrsed by greater palatine n.
* you should know that palatal gingiva is continues with
palatal mucosa, that’s why if you anesthetize the gingiva in
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some area it will anasthatize most of th e palatel mucosa at
that side .
2. Nasopalatine nerve .
from maxillary n. ptrygopalatine ganglion  nasal
septum incisive canal  inf. Surface of hard palate
&mucosa of the hard palate .
 General sensation of the soft palate .
Through lesser palatine n.  maxillary n.  soft palate
mucosa not to muscle .
Done by : Aseel M. Dasan .
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