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Name ________________________________________________________ Date __________________ Class _______
Benchmark 3 Science Study Guide - Weather & Geology S6E5 A-Crust, Mantle, Core
1. What happens to the temperature as you travel to the center of the Earth?_______________________________________
2. What happens to the density as you travel to the center of the Earth? ___________________________________________
3. Put the layers of Earth‛s interior in order from highest to lowest temperature. _____________________________________
4. The thickest layer of Earth‛s interior is the_____________; the thinnest layer is the
_____________.
5. What is the composition of each layer?
Continental Crust: _____________ Outer Core: _________________
Oceanic Crust: ________________ Inner Core: _________________ Mantle:______________________
6. What mechanical layer is composed of the crust and upper mantle? ______________________________________
7. What mechanical layer does the lithosphere ride/move on top of? ________________________________________
8. Why do lithospheric plates constantly move?____________________________
9. Why is the inner core solid? _________________________________________
10. Label the layers of Earth‛s Interior.
11. Identify the bar for each layer of Earth‛s interior.
Temperature of Earth’s Layers
A = ___________________
8000
6000
B = ___________________
4000
2000
C = ___________________
0
A
B
C
D
D = ___________________
S6E5e/f Lithospheric Plate Movement/Geologic features
12. Name the plate movement associated with each picture below.
13. What geological features are created at convergent boundaries?______________________________________
14. What geological features are created at divergent boundaries?_______________________________________
15. What geological event takes place at transform boundaries?_________________________________________
16. What geological features are created at convergent boundaries with subduction?_______________________
17. What causes plate tectonic movement?___________________________________________________________
18. What are plates that move beneath another plate called? Why does this occur?_________________________________
19. What is the Theory of Continental Drift? Who is responsible for this theory?_____________________________________
20. List 3 examples of evidence that supported Continental Drift Theory.
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
S6E5g Fossils
21. What is the law of superposition? __________________________________________________________________________
22. What are 2 examples of fossil evidence that supports climate change? _________________________________________
23. What are 2 examples of fossil evidence that supports the changing of Earth‛s
surface?___________________________________________________________________________________________________
S6E5 d/f
24. What is weathering? ___________________________________________________________________
25. What is the difference between physical and chemical weathering? _____________________________________________
26. How was the Grand Canyon formed? (Explain)_______________________________________________________________
27. What are the 5 agents (forms) of erosion? 1.___________ 2.___________ 3. __________ 4. _________ 5. ____________
28. Name 3 different types of physical weathering. 1.___________________ 2._______________________ 3._________________
29. What is oxidation? Is it physical or chemical weathering?_____________________________________________________
30. How is the Earth‛s surface changed over time? _____________________________________________________________
Weather Review
31. What are the 3 types of heat transfer? 1. ___________________ 2. ______________________ 3.______________________
32. Describe each type of heat transfer. ________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
33. Why does land and water absorb heat at different rates? _____________________________________________________
34. Which heats up faster? Which cools faster? ________________________________________________________________
35. What causes wind? _______________________________________________
36. Describe convection currents. _____________________________________________________________________________
37. Describe each of the global winds and pressure bands. (Polar Easterlies, Prevailing Westerlies,
Trade Winds and Horse Latitudes, Doldrums) __________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
38. Draw and describe what happens in a cold front?
______________________________________________________
Cold Front
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
39. What type of clouds form when a cold front occurs? ______________________________________________________
40. What triggers/causes thunderstorms and tornadoes?__________________________________________________________
41. What causes the most damage during a hurricane? ____________________________
42. What is the fuel or energy of a hurricane? ___________________________________________________________________
43. Where do most hurricanes that hit the Eastern United States form? _____________________________________________
44. How do hurricanes and tornadoes differ? ____________________________________________________
45. Draw and label the parts of a hurricane.