Download atoms - Trinity Regional School

ATOMS
THE
LITTLE GIANTS
OF
ALL
MATTER!!
Matter: all matter is made up of
atoms.
is anything that has a
mass and a volume
all matter has a specific
density or arrangement
of atoms that can be used
to identify it.
John Dalton
(aka Jack)
1. Atoms are the smallest form of
matter
2. Atoms make up all matter
3. Atoms of the same element are
the same
4. Atoms cannot be broken down
5. Atoms combine in specific ratios
Thomson:
Discovered the electron
First model of atom
Rutherford:
Discovered presence of nucleus
And protons
Atom was mostly empty space
Chadwick:
Discovers the neutron
Bohr:
Suggested electrons move in energy
Levels
Presents model used today
(although not completely accurate)
M shell
L shell
+
n
K shell
nucleus
Electron cloud model
Electron cloud
Nucleus
Neutron
Proton
PERIODIC TABLE
Elements: roughly 88 naturally occurring
roughly 20 man made
organized arrangement
metals, nonmetals, metalloids,
noble gasses
pure substance
Element – pure
Compound – 2 or more elements
chemically combined
homogeneous
Mixture – 2 or more elements,
compounds, or both physically
combined.
homogenous or heterogeneous
Proton: positively charged
nucleus
Neutron: no charge-neutral
nucleus
Electron: negatively charged
energy shells
M shell
L shell
+
n
K shell
nucleus
ATOMIC MASS: no. protons + neutron
-- ATOMIC NUMBER: no. protons
_________________________________
no. neutrons
At. Mass 7
-- At. # 3
4
___________________________
Protons:
Neutrons:
Electrons:
3
4
3*
Li
*all unbonded atoms are electrically
and chemically neutral.
# of + = # of e.
Isotopes: Atoms of the same element that
Differ from each other by the number of
Neutrons.
Isotopes have the same Atomic number but
A different Atomic Mass.
45 known isotopes of iodine
I 127, 53
I 136, 53
15 known isotopes of carbon
C 12, 6
C 14, 6