Download Prenatal.Chp. 9ppt - Columbian High School

Chapter 9:
PRENATAL CARE
MRS. SWOPE
Family and Consumer Science
Dept.
PROFESSIONAL
HEALTHCARE
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Seek healthcare as
soon as possible
1st visit- complete
physical, estimate
due date
Monthly visits for
6 months.
Months 7,8, visits
every 2 wks.
9th month, wkly
visit.
SOURCES OF
HEALTHCARE
 Maternal-Fetal
Specialist
 Obstetrician /
Gynecologist
 Family
practitioner
 Certified nursemidwife
 Women’s clinic
DIET AND
NUTRITION
R Eat healthy foods
BEFORE becoming
pregnant
R Poor diet increases risk
of miscarriage, stillbirth,
premature birth, low
birth weight
R Choose healthy foods
from all food groups
R Limit sugars and fats
R Eat plenty of fresh fruits
and vegetables
Dietary Requirements
Grains: good sources of fiber and
carbs, needed for energy and to keep
her digestive tract functioning.
Vegetables and Fruits: good sources
provide vitamins C, E, K, B complex and
Folate; needed for proper formation of
the fetus’s neural tube.
Minerals: as mother’s blood supply
increases she needs more iron,
magnesium, iodine, selenium. If she
doesn’t get enough iron she may
become anemic.
Dietary Requirements
Milk: rich source of calcium and
phosphorous needed to build the
baby’s bones and teeth.
Meat and Beans: excellent source of
protein needed for building the baby’s
cells, tissues, organs, and blood.
Water: needed to keep mother well
hydrated, helps with eliminating hers
and the baby’s waste.
Sodium: use in moderation, can cause
hands, ankles, feet to swell, increases
blood pressure.
DIET AND NUTRITION
Average weight
gain during
pregnancy 2535 pounds.
More weight
gain is
expected with
multiples.
Babies born to
underweight
or poorly
nourished
women may
have low birth
weight, fewer
brain cells,or
slowed
development
Exercise
 Regular exercise is
important for good
muscle tone needed
for delivery
 Moderate exercise
routine is
recommended walking, swimming
 Be aware of body
temperature and
heart rate
 Hydrate often
REST /SLEEP
First three months of pregnancy are
very tiring due to hormonal changes
 Eight hours of sleep are recommended
each night
 Short rest periods during the day are
beneficial
 Last few weeks of pregnancy are very
tiring

Illness During Pregnancy
Measles, polio, mumps, chicken pox, or
influenza can affect the fetus
 Can cause stunted growth, deafness, or
other serious birth defects
 All STD’s can cause problems for fetus
 Gestational diabetes causes baby to be
large, puts stress on mother’s organs,
usually goes away after birth
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Illnesses cont.
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Pre-eclampsia - also
called toxemia,is a
condition where
mother’s blood
contains toxic
substances.(excess
protein in urine)
Sometimes
associated with a
poor diet, more likely
to happen if mother
is under age 20
Illnesses cont.

Symptoms: sudden
weight gain, swelling
of feet and hands,
severe headaches,
high blood pressure
 Can be very
dangerous for mom
and baby
Use of Drugs During Pregnancy
• Mother should not use any drugs
without doctor’s consent, including
OTC medications
• Babies born to drug dependent
mothers will have the following
symptoms: low birth weight, extreme
irritability, projectile vomiting, fewer
brain cells, lower IQ, facial features
may be affected, and other serious
defects.
Video: Babies Addicted to
Heroin
• http://www.13abc.com/clip/10512121
/more-babies-being-born-addictedto-heroin
Other Harmful Substances
Mother smoking during pregnancy baby receives nicotine and carbon
monoxide
These constrict blood vessels and
reduce the amount of oxygen in the
blood, harming baby.
Second hand smoke is just as bad
Harmful Substances cont.
Alcohol passes through the placenta and
enters the fetal bloodstream quickly
Fetal alcohol syndrome affects baby both
physically and mentally - short in stature,
small head, flat nose, wide spaced eyes
Radiation - can cause mutations( change
in gene structure) avoid x-rays.
FAS Baby
Miscarriage
Called spontaneous abortion,
many occur during the first three
months of pregnancy, before the
20th week.
A natural way of removing an
imperfect embryo
Mother may go through a period of
mourning after the miscarriage
Prenatal Tests
Ultra sound uses sound waves to
project image of fetus ( 3D, 4D)
Amniocentesis - sample of amniotic
fluid is removed and analyzed
AFP - (alpha-fetoprotein) a blood test
done between 15-18 weeks. Shows if
mother is carrying more than 1 fetus, if
there are neural defects (spina bifida),
and Anencephaly(missing most of the
brain)
ULTRASOUND
4D ULTRASOUND
AMNIOCENTESIS
Risks of Amniocentesis
Possible infection
Loss of amniotic fluid
Possible miscarriage
Accidental needle puncture to
baby, should baby move suddenly.