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Chapter 3—Minerals of the Earth’s Crust Mineral—a naturally formed, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure Element—a pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means Atom—the smallest part of an element that has all of the properties of that element Compound—a pure substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically joined, or bonded together Crystal—the solid, geometric form of a mineral produced by a repeating pattern of atoms Silicate mineral—a mineral that contains a combination of the elements silicon and oxygen Nonsilicate mineral—a mineral that does not contain compounds of silicon and oxygen Luster—the way the surface of a mineral reflects light Streak—the color of a mineral in powdered form Cleavage—the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces Fracture—the tendency of a mineral to break along curved or irregular surfaces Hardness—the resistance of a mineral to being scratched Density—the amount o9f matter in a given space; mass per unit volume Ore—a mineral deposit large enough and pure enough to be mined for a profit Reclamation—the process of returning land to its original state after mining is completed Alloy- Contains two or more metals. Inorganic- Was never alive. Smelting- to melt or fuse (ores) in order to separate the metallic constituents. Titanium- a durable, lightweight metal derived from minerals such as ilmenite or rutile. Magma- hot, melted rock. Solution- a mixture composed of two substances, in such a mixture, a solute is dissolved in another substance know as a solvent.