Download Type 2 Diabetes Medications: SGLT2 Inhibitors

Type 2 Diabetes Medications: SGLT2 Inhibitors
SGLT2 inhibitors
are a class of type 2 diabetes medications used along with diet and exercise to lower blood glucose
How are they taken?
SGLT2 inhibitors is short for sodium
glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors
Taken orally (by mouth)
How do they work?
Help to stop glucose from being taken in by the kidneys: the kidneys help to
remove glucose from the blood. In people with type 2 diabetes, the kidneys
can hold on to glucose, which can cause blood glucose levels to increase
What are the benefits?
• Modest weight loss
• There is a low risk of hypoglycemia (blood glucose that is too low) with
SGLT2 inhibitors. Hypoglycemia can cause tiredness/weakness,
nervousness, shakiness, confusion, fast heartbeat, problems with vision,
and fainting or seizures
What are the side effects?
Your healthcare provider
will partner with you to
create a type 2 diabetes
management plan that
is personalized to your
needs and preferences.
Take any medications as
directed by your healthcare
provider and tell your
healthcare provider if you
have any side effects.
Most common:
• Yeast infections in men and women
• Urinary tract infection
• Increased need to urinate
• Stuffy or runny nose and sore throat
There are two SGLT2 inhibitors
approved by the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration (FDA):
• Canagliflozin (INVOKANA™)
• Dapagliflozin (FARXIGA™)
Also possible:
• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Kidney problems (renal impairment)
• Hypoglycemia if taken with a sulfonylurea or insulin
• High amounts of potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia; canagliflozin)
• Increased LDL-C (the “bad” cholesterol)
• Bladder cancer (dapagliflozin)
• Allergic reactions
SGLT2 inhibitors are FDA approved for use along with diet and exercise
to lower blood glucose in adults with type 2 diabetes. These medications
are not FDA approved for weight loss.
For informational purposes only. Consult full manufacturer’s prescribing
information and medication guide for medication’s uses, actions, and side
effects. The medications discussed are approved for use in the United States
by the U.S. FDA.
.org
NATIONAL DIABETES EDUCATION INITIATIVE™
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
T A LK W I T H Y O UR H E A LT H C A RE PR OV I D ER
REFERENCES: FARXIGA [package insert]. Princeton, NJ: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; 2014. •
Hasan FM, Alsahli M, Gerich JE. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;104(3):297-322. •
INVOKANA [package insert]. Titusville, NJ: Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 2013. •
Kim Y, Babu AR. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2012;5:313-327. • MedlinePlus. Hypoglycemia.
Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000386.htm.
July 2014
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ.
Copyright © 2013 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ. Copyright © 2014 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
This content was created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not
Thisassociated
content was
created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not associated with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
Type 2 Diabetes Medications: DPP-4 Inhibitors
DPP-4 inhibitors
are a class of type 2 diabetes medications used along with diet and exercise to lower blood glucose
How are they taken?
DPP-4 inhibitors is short for
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors
Taken orally (by mouth)
How do they work?
• Help your pancreas to make more insulin: insulin helps to lower blood glucose
• Lower the amount of glucose made by your liver
What are the benefits?
• DPP-4 inhibitors are weight neutral, meaning they do not cause weight gain
• There is a low risk of hypoglycemia (blood glucose that is too low) with
DPP-4 inhibitors. Hypoglycemia can cause tiredness/weakness, nervousness,
shakiness, confusion, fast heartbeat, problems with vision, and fainting
or seizures
What are the side effects?
Your healthcare provider
will partner with you to
create a type 2 diabetes
management plan that
is personalized to your
needs and preferences.
Take any medications as
directed by your healthcare
provider and tell your
healthcare provider if you
have any side effects.
Most common:
• Upper respiratory tract infection
• Stuffy or runny nose and sore throat
• Headache
• Upset stomach or diarrhea
There are four DPP-4 inhibitors
approved by the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration (FDA):
• Alogliptin (NESINA)
• Linagliptin (TRADJENTA®)
• Saxagliptin (ONGLYZA®)
• Sitagliptin (JANUVIA®)
Also possible:
• Inflammation of the pancreas (acute pancreatitis)
• Hypoglycemia if taken with a sulfonylurea or insulin
• Liver problems (alogliptin)
• Kidney problems (renal failure; sitagliptin)
• Allergic reactions
DPP-4 inhibitors are FDA approved for use along with diet and exercise
to lower blood glucose in adults with type 2 diabetes. These medications
are not FDA approved for weight loss.
For informational purposes only. Consult full manufacturer’s prescribing
information and medication guide for medication’s uses, actions, and side
effects. The medications discussed are approved for use in the United States
by the U.S. FDA.
.org
NATIONAL DIABETES EDUCATION INITIATIVE™
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
T A LK W I T H Y O U R H E A LT H C A RE PR OV I D ER
REFERENCES: Brunton S. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68:557-567. • Davidson JA. Mayo Clinic Proc.
2010;85(12 suppl):S27-S37. • Inzucchi SE, et al. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(6):1364-1379. •
JANUVIA [package insert]. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co, Inc.; 2014. • MedlinePlus.
Hypoglycemia. Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000386.htm. •
NESINA [package insert]. Deerfield, IL: Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.; 2013. •
ONGLYZA [package insert]. Princeton, NJ: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; 2013. •
TRADJENTA [package insert]. Ridgefield, CT: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 2013.
June 2014
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ.
Copyright © 2013 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ. Copyright © 2014 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
This content was created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not
Thisassociated
content was
created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not associated with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
Type 2 Diabetes Medications: GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
GLP-1 receptor agonists
are a class of type 2 diabetes medications used along with diet and exercise to lower blood glucose
How are they given?
Given as an injection:
inserted into the fat under your skin
GLP-1 receptor agonists is short for
glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
How do they work?
• Help your pancreas to make more insulin: insulin helps to lower blood glucose
• Lower the amount of glucose made by your liver
• Help to slow down the breakdown of your food: this slows down increases
in blood glucose
What are the benefits?
Your healthcare provider
will partner with you to
create a type 2 diabetes
management plan that
is personalized to your
needs and preferences.
Take any medications as
directed by your healthcare
provider and tell your
healthcare provider if you
have any side effects.
• Modest weight loss
• May make you feel less hungry and more full
• There is a low risk of hypoglycemia (blood glucose that is too low) with
GLP-1 receptor agonists. Hypoglycemia can cause tiredness/weakness,
nervousness, shakiness, confusion, fast heartbeat, problems with vision,
and fainting or seizures
There are three GLP-1 receptor
What are the side effects?
agonists approved by the U.S.
Most common:
Food and Drug Administration
• Diarrhea
(FDA):
• Nausea
• Reactions/itching at the injection site
• Exenatide (BYETTA®)
• Vomiting
• Exenatide extended release
• Headache
(BYDUREON®)
• Indigestion
• Liraglutide (Victoza®)
• Constipation
Also possible:
• Thyroid tumors, including cancer, were seen in rats and mice in studies
during the medication testing process
• Inflammation of the pancreas (acute pancreatitis)
• Hypoglycemia if taken with a sulfonylurea or insulin
• Kidney problems (renal impairment)
• Allergic reactions
GLP-1 receptor agonists are FDA approved for use along with diet and
exercise to lower blood glucose in adults with type 2 diabetes. These
medications are not FDA approved for weight loss.
For informational purposes only. Consult full manufacturer’s prescribing
information and medication guide for medication’s uses, actions, and side
effects. The medications discussed are approved for use in the United States
by the U.S. FDA.
.org
NATIONAL DIABETES EDUCATION INITIATIVE™
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
T A LK W I T H Y O U R H E A LT H C A RE PR OV I D ER
REFERENCES: Brunton S. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68:557-567. •
BYDUREON [package insert]. Wilmington, DE: AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; 2014. •
BYETTA [package insert]. Princeton, NJ: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; 2013. •
Davidson JA. Mayo Clinic Proc. 2010;85(12 suppl):S27-S37. •
Inzucchi SE, et al. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(6):1364-1379. • MedlinePlus. Hypoglycemia.
Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000386.htm. •
Victoza [package insert]. Plainsboro, NJ: Novo Nordisk Inc.; 2013.
June 2014
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ.
Copyright © 2013 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ. Copyright © 2014 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
This content was created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not
Thisassociated
content was
created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not associated with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
Medications Used to Treat Type 2 Diabetes
This handout shows the different medications that your healthcare provider may prescribe to treat your type 2 diabetes, and where
and how these medications work in your body to lower blood glucose.
Type 2 diabetes medications are taken orally (by mouth), by injection (inserted into the fat under your skin), or inhaled (breathed in).
Oral
Injectable
Amylin mimetic (pramlintide)
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose, miglitol)
Helps to decrease the amount of glucose made by your liver.
Help to slow down the breakdown of starches (such
as bread and potatoes) and certain types of sugar
(such as table sugar) from your food in your intestines:
this slows down increases in blood glucose.
Helps to slow down the breakdown of foods in your stomach
and intestines: this slows down increases in blood glucose
GLP-1 receptor agonists (albiglutide, dulaglutide,
exenatide, liraglutide)
Help your pancreas to make more insulin: insulin helps to
lower blood glucose
Biguanide (metformin)
Helps to decrease the amount of glucose made by
your liver
Helps to improve the way that insulin works in your
muscles: if your muscles are more sensitive to insulin, it
is easier for insulin to bring glucose from your blood into
your muscles where glucose can be used for energy
Help to decrease the amount of glucose made by your liver
Helps to slow down the breakdown of foods in
your stomach and intestines: this slows down
increases in blood glucose
DPP-4 inhibitors
(alogliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin)
Fat Tissue
Help your pancreas to make more insulin: insulin helps
to lower blood glusoce
Insulins (aspart, detemir, glargine,
glulisine, human, lispro)
Replace the insulin made naturally
by your body in your pancreas
Help to decrease the amount of glucose made by your liver
Dopamine receptor agonist (bromocriptine mesylate)
The mechanism by which dopamine receptor agonists
improve blood sugar is unknown
Help to decrease the amount of
glucose made by your liver
Muscle
Liver
Help to move glucose from the
bloodstream into your muscles and
fat where glucose is used for energy
Kidneys
Some insulin is inhaled–See pg. 2
Meglitinides (nateglinide, repaglinide)
Help your pancreas to make more insulin: insulin
helps to lower blod glucose
Stomach
SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin,
empagliflozin)
Help to stop glucose from being reabsorbed into your
kidneys. The kidneys help to remove glucose from your
blood. In people with type 2 diabetes, the kidneys can
hold on to glucose which can cause blood glucose levels
to increase
Sulfonylureas (glimepiride, glipizide, gliburide)
Helps your pancreas to make more insulin: insulin helps
to lower blood glucose
Pancreas
Intestines
Descriptions are provided for informational purposes only. Consult full
manufacturer’s prescribing information for drug’s uses, actions, and side
effects. The medications discussed are approved for use in the United States
by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) unless otherwise noted.
Consult individual manufacturer’s prescribing information for approved uses
outside the United States.
REFERENCES
ADA. Other injectable medications. Available at:
Thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)
Helps to decrease the amount of glucose made by
your liver
Help to improve the way that insulin works in your
muscles and fat: if your muscles are more sensitive
to insulin, it is easier for insulin to bring glucose from
your blood into your muscles and fat where glucose
can be used for energy
FOR MOREhttp://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/treatment-and-care/
INFORMATION:
T A LK W I T Hmedication/insulin/other-injectable-medications.html.
Y O UR H E A LT H C A RE PR OV I D ER ADA.
What are my options? Available at: http://www.diabetes.org/living-withdiabetes/treatment-and-care/medication/oral-medications/what-are-myoptions.html. Inzucchi SE, et al. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(6):1364-1379.
Mayo Clinic. Diabetes treatment: medications for type 2 diabetes. Available
at: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/diabetes-treatment/DA00089.
Updated December 2014
For more information,
talk to your healthcare provider
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ. Copyright © 2014 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
This content was created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not associated with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
Medications Used to Treat Type 2 Diabetes
Oral
Injectable
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
(acarbose, miglitol)
Available as Glyset® (miglitol); PRECOSE® (acarbose)
Amylin mimetic
(pramlintide)
Available as SYMLIN® (pramlintide)
Biguanide
(metformin)
Available as Fortamet®, GLUCOPHAGE®, GLUCOPHAGE® XR, Glumetza®,
Riomet® (metformin)
Combination products:
ACTOplus met®, ACTOplus met® XR (pioglitazone and metformin);
Avandamet® (rosiglitazone and metformin); GLUCOVANCE® (gliburide and
metformin); Janumet®, Janumet XR® (metformin and sitagliptin); Jentadueto®
(linagliptin and metformin); KAZANO® (alogliptin and metformin);
KOMBIGLYZE™ XR (saxagliptin and metformin); METAGLIP™ (glipizide
and metformin); PrandiMet® (metformin and repaglinide); XIGDUO™ XR
(dapagliflozin and metformin)
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists
(albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide)
Available as BYDUREON™ (extended-release exenatide); BYETTA® (regular
exenatide); TANZEUM™ (albiglutide); TRULICITY™ (dulaglutide);
Victoza® (liraglutide)
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
(alogliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin)
Available as Januvia® (sitagliptin); NESINA® (alogliptin); Onglyza®
(saxagliptin); Tradjenta™ (linagliptin)
Combination products:
Janumet®, Janumet XR® (metformin and sitagliptin); Jentadueto® (linagliptin
and metformin); Juvisync™ (sitagliptin and simvastatin); KAZANO®
(alogliptin and metformin); KOMBIGLYZE™ XR (saxagliptin and
metformin); OSENI® (alogliptin and pioglitazon)
Insulins
(aspart, detemir, glargine, glulisine, human, lispro)
Available as Apidra® (glulisine); Humalog®, Humalog® Mix50/50™, Humalog®
Mix75/25™ (lispro); Humulin® N, Humulin® R, Humulin® 70/30 (human);
Lantus® (glargine); Levemir® (detemir); Novolin® N, Novolin® R, Novolin®
70/30 (human); NovoLog®, NovoLog® Mix 70/30 (aspart)
Dopamine receptor agonist
(bromocriptine mesylate)
Available as CYCLOSET®
Inhaled
Meglitinides
(nateglinide, repaglinide)
Available as Prandin® (repaglinide); Starlix® (nateglinide)
Combination products:
PrandiMet® (metformin and repaglinide)
Insulin
(human)
Available as AFREZZA® (insulin human)
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors
(canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin)
Availble as FARXIGA™ (dapagliflozin), INVOKANA™ (canagliflozin),
Jardiance® (empagliflozin)
Combination products:
XIGDUO™ XR (dapagliflozin and metformin)
Sulfonylureas
(glimepiride, glipizide, gliburidae)
Available as Amaryl® (glimepiride); DiaBeta®, Glynase® PresTab®, or Micronase®
(gliburide); Glucotrol®, Glucotrol® XL (glipizide)
Combination products:
Avandaryl® (glimepiride and rosiglitazone); duetact® (pioglitazone and
glimepiride); GLUCOVANCE® (gliburide and metformin); METAGLIP™
(glipizide and metformin)
Thiazolidinediones
(pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)
Available as ACTOS® (pioglitazone); Avandia® (rosiglitazone)
Combination products:
ACTOplus met®, ACTOplus met® XR (pioglitazone and metformin); Avandamet®
(rosiglitazone and metformin); Avandaryl® (rosiglitazone and glimepiride); duetact®
(pioglitazone and glimepiride); OSENI® (alogliptine and pioglitazone)
This list of medications is provided for informational purposes only. Talk with your healthcare provider
before starting or stopping any medications.
The medications discussed are approved for use in the United States by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) unless otherwise noted. Consult individual manufacturer’s prescribing
information for approved uses outside the United States.
Updated December 2014
Sponsored by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ. Copyright © 2014 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
This content was created by KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, and was not associated with funding via an educational grant or a promotional/commercial interest.
Medicamentos para el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2
A continuación se indican los nombres de los medicamentos disponibles para la diabetes tipo 2.
Orales
Inyectables
Inhibidores de la alfa-glucosidasa
(acarbosa, miglitol)
Ejemplos: Glyset® (miglitol); PRECOSE® (acarbosa)
Mimético de la amilina
(pramlintida)
Ejemplo: SYMLIN® (pramlintida)
Biguanida
(metformina)
Ejemplos: Fortamet®, GLUCOPHAGE®, GLUCOPHAGE® XR, Glumetza®,
Riomet® (metformina)
Productos combinados:
ACTOplus met®, ACTOplus met® XR (pioglitazona y metformina); Avandamet®
(rosiglitazona y metformina); GLUCOVANCE® (gliburida y metformina);
Janumet®, Janumet XR® (metformina y sitagliptina); Jentadueto® (linagliptina
y metformina); KAZANO® (alogliptina y metformina); KOMBIGLYZE™ XR
(saxagliptina y metformina); METAGLIP™ (glipizida y metformina);
PrandiMet® (metformina y repaglinida)
Agonistas del receptor del péptido 1 análogo al glucagón (GLP-1)
(exenatida, liraglutida)
Ejemplos: BYETTA® (exenatida corriente); BYDUREON™ (exenatida de
liberación prolongada); Victoza® (liraglutida)
Inhibidores de la dipeptidil peptidasa-4 (DPP-4)
(alogliptina, linagliptina, saxagliptina, sitagliptina)
Ejemplos: Januvia® (sitagliptina); NESINA® (alogliptina); Onglyza®
(saxagliptina); Tradjenta™ (linagliptina)
Productos combinados:
Janumet®, Janumet XR® (metformina y sitagliptina); Jentadueto® (linagliptina
y metformina); Juvisync™ (sitagliptina y simvastatina); KAZANO®
(alogliptina y metformina); KOMBIGLYZE™ XR (saxagliptina y metformina);
OSENI® (alogliptina y pioglitazona)
Insulinas
(aspártica, detemir, glargina, glulisina, humana, lispro)
Ejemplos: Apidra® (glulisina); Humalog®, Humalog® Mix50/50™, Humalog®
Mix75/25™ (lispro); Humulin® N, Humulin® R, Humulin® 70/30 (humana);
Lantus® (glargina); Levemir® (detemir); Novolin® N, Novolin® R, Novolin®
70/30 (humana); NovoLog®, NovoLog® Mix 70/30 (aspártica)
Meglitinidas
(nateglinida, repaglinida)
Ejemplos: Prandin® (repaglinida); Starlix® (nateglinida)
Producto combinado:
PrandiMet® (metformina y repaglinida)
Inhibidores del cotransportador sodio-glucosa 2 (SGLT2)
(canagliflozina, dapagliflozina)
Ejemplos: FARXIGA™ (dapagliflozina), INVOKANA™ (canagliflozina)
Sulfonilureas
(glimepirida, glipizida, gliburida)
Ejemplos: Amaryl® (glimepirida); DiaBeta®, Glynase® PresTab®, o Micronase®
(gliburida); Glucotrol®, Glucotrol® XL (glipizida)
Productos combinados:
Avandaryl® (glimepirida y rosiglitazona); duetact® (pioglitazona y glimepirida);
GLUCOVANCE® (gliburida y metformina); METAGLIP™ (glipizida
y metformina)
Tiazolidindionas
(pioglitazona, rosiglitazona)
Ejemplos: ACTOS® (pioglitazona); Avandia® (rosiglitazona)
Productos combinados:
ACTOplus met®, ACTOplus met® XR (pioglitazona y metformina); Avandamet®
(rosiglitazona y metformina); Avandaryl® (rosiglitazona y glimepirida); duetact®
(pioglitazona y glimepirida); OSENI® (alogliptina y pioglitazona)
Esta lista de medicamentos se ofrece únicamente con fines informativos. Consulte con su profesional de
la salud antes de iniciar o suspender cualquier tratamiento con medicamentos.
Los medicamentos descritos están aprobados para su uso en los Estados Unidos por la Administración de
Alimentos y Medicamentos (FDA) a menos que se indique lo contrario. Consulte la información de prescripción
de cada fabricante para saber los usos aprobados en el exterior de los Estados Unidos.
Julio de 2014
Patrocinado por KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, Lyndhurst, NJ. Copyright © 2014 KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC. Reservados todos los derechos.
El contenido de esta hoja fue creado por KnowledgePoint360 Group, LLC, y no estuvo asociado a ningún financiamiento a través de una subvención educativa o un interés publicitario o comercial.