Download Chapter 5 test Chapter 5: Nutrition and the NHPAs Test 2 Part A

Chapter 5: Nutrition and the NHPAs
Test 2
Part A: Multiple choice
1 Which of the following has no nutritional value?
a
Carbohydrates
b Water
c
Protein
d Fat
2 Which of the following is considered to be a micronutrient?
a
Carbohydrates
b Protein
c
Water
d Minerals
3 Which of the following is considered to be a macronutrient?
a
Fats
b Vitamins
c
Minerals
d All of the above
4 Fibre is a type of:
a
carbohydrate.
b protein.
c
lipid.
d vitamin.
5 Which of the following is not a key nutrient in the maintenance of bone health?
a
Calcium
b Vitamin D
c
Phosphorus
d Sodium
5 marks
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Chapter 5 test
Part B: Short answer
6 List five nutrients that can be considered ‘protective nutrients’ and explain the role
each plays in protecting an individual in regards to an NHPA.
Protective nutrient
How it protects an individual from an NHPA
10 marks
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Chapter 5 test
7 Briefly describe the role of fibre in promoting the health of the digestive tract.
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2 marks
8 Explain how carbohydrates can contribute to obesity.
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2 marks
9 Explain osteoporosis and identify two nutrients that, when deficient, can contribute to
it.
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3 marks
10 Outline two ways in which polyunsaturated fats can promote health.
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2 marks
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Chapter 5 test
Answers: chapter 5, test 2
1 B
2 D
3 A
4 A
5 D
6 One explanation for each nutrient is sufficient (i.e. not all protective roles of fibre
have to be outlined). Five of the following should be given.
Protective nutrient
Fibre
How it protects an individual from an NHPA
 Contributes to a healthy digestive system by assisting in the
removal of waste in the digestive tract. This can reduce the risk
of colorectal cancer.
 Assists in regulating blood glucose levels. This can reduce the
risk of glucose intolerance and diabetes.
 Assists in regulating cholesterol levels, which reduces the risk
of cardiovascular disease
 Also promotes the feeling of ‘fullness’ when consumed, which
can promote eating smaller amounts, thereby decreasing the
chances of becoming obese.
Calcium and
 Strengthens bones and assists in the prevention of osteoporosis
phosphorus
Vitamin D
 Assists in calcium absorption, protecting against osteoporosis
Polyunsaturated fats
 Reduces cholesterol and therefore reduces the risk of heart
disease. Maintains elasticity of blood vessels and can decrease
the risk of heart attack.
Monounsaturated fats
 Reduces cholesterol and therefore reduces the risk of heart
disease
7 Fibre contributes to a healthy digestive system by assisting in the removal of waste in
the digestive tract. It adds bulk to faeces and assists in regular bowel movements. This
can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.
8 Carbohydrates not used as a fuel for energy production are stored as adipose tissue
and therefore can contribute to weight gain.
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Chapter 5 test
9 Osteoporosis is a condition characterised by porous or weak bones. Those with
osteoporosis are more likely to experience fractures than those who don’t. Nutrients
are calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D.
10 For example:

Reduces LDL cholesterol levels, which can reduce the risk of heart attack and
stroke

Maintains the elasticity of blood vessels and can maintain cardiovascular health

Can be used as a fuel for energy production (physical health).
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