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Embryonic Stem Cells Blastocyst Forms Placenta Becomes Baby Inner-Cell-Mass Cell Ectoderm Mesoderm 3 Primary Tissue Types Endoderm Primary Tissue Layers Ectoderm skin eyes nerves Mesoderm bones blood muscles Endoderm lungs There are over 200 cell types in the adult body liver Lining of gut Mesenchymal Stem Cells Muscle Skin Fat Cells Nerves Tendons / Cartilage Reconstruction Surgeries Repair of cardiac tissue Repair of nerve damage Skin grafts after burn or Reconstructive surgery Joint & Back Repair Trachea & Lung Blood Vessels Tissue Repair and Regrowth Trachea Replacement Lung Diseases Mesenchymal Stem Cells Bone Retinal Photoreceptors Corneal Repair Bone regrowth Regain sight after injury Teeth Liver Insulin secreting cells Repair or Replace Teeth Liver Disease Diabetes Potential of MSC’s from Teeth What can these cells do functionally? There are several papers which have shown the ability of the MSC’s from teeth both the lab and in animal to differentiate down these pathways. Adipogenesis or fat production Neurogenic Osteogenic Odontogenic Myogenic SHED: stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Miura M, Gronthos S, Zhao M, Lu B, Fisher LW, Robey PG, Shi S. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 May 13;100(10):5807-12. Chondrogenic