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Intro to Psychology Final Exam Study Guide (Spring 2010)
For the final exam, you will be tested on 50 of the 100 items that are part of your assigned readings. You will have
the entire semester to prepare, so please design a study plan that will allow you to distribute your study time in
studying these concepts throughout the semester. Note: In preparing for the exams, I suggest that you simply do
not memorize the definitions of these terms, rather you should read about (and apply) each term within the context
of the chapter, so you have a conceptual understanding of how each one is applied within the field of psychology.
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Psychology (p. 5)
Goals of Psychology (p. 7)
Specialties in Psychology (p. 8)
Wilhelm Wundt and William James (pp. 10-11)
Perspectives of Psychology (p. 16)
Unconscious (p. 419)
Id, Ego, Superego (p. 420)
Defense Mechanism (p. 421)
Theory, Hypothesis, Operational Definition (p. 19)
Informed Consent and Debriefing (p. 22)
Experiment (p. 25)
Independent and Dependent Variable (p. 25)
Experimental and Control Group (p. 25-26)
Random Assignment (p. 29)
Descriptive Research, Naturalistic Observation, Survey, Case Study (p. 30-32)
Correlational Research (p. 33)
Neuron and parts of neuron (p. 58-59)
Neurotransmitter and Synapse (p. 61)
Central Nervous System (p. 67)
Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System (p. 71)
Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Amygdala (p. 76)
Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, and Occipital Lobes (pp. 78, 80, 81)
Eustress and Distress (p. 95)
Approach-Approach, Avoidance-Avoidance, Approach-Avoidance Conflict (p. 98)
Emotion-Focused and Problem-Focused Coping (p. 115)
External and Internal Locus of Control (p. 117)
Sensation and Perception (p. 127)
Selective Attention (p. 144)
Consciousness (p. 169)
Controlled and Automatic Processes (p. 169)
Rapid-Eye-Movement (REM) sleep (p. 177)
Encoding, Storage, Retrieval (p. 249)
Maintenance Rehearsal and Chunking (p. 252)
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory (p. 253)
Priming (p. 255)
Elaborative Rehearsal and Retrieval Cue (p. 257)
Serial Position Effect (p. 263)
Heuristic (p. 290)
Heritability and Natural Selection (p. 56-57)
Five-Factor Model “The Big Five” (p. 413-414)
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences (p. 306)
Reliability and Validity (p. 310)
Schema, Assimilation and Accommodation (p. 340)
Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development (pp. 341)
Kohlberg’s three stages of moral development (p. 353)
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages (p. 356)
Theories of Emotion (p. 393-396)
Achievement Motivation (p. 387)
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation (p. 398)
Self-Actualization (p. 431)
51. Classical Conditioning (p. 208)
52. Unconditioned Stimulus (p. 208)
53. Unconditioned Response (p. 208)
54. Neutral Stimulus (p. 208)
55. Conditioned Stimulus (p. 209)
56. Conditioned Response (p. 209)
57. Watson and Little Albert (p. 210-211)
58. Stimulus Generalization (p. 212)
59. Stimulus Discrimination (p. 212)
60. Extinction (p. 212)
61. Spontaneous Recovery (p. 213)
62. Law of Effect (p. 215)
63. Operant Conditioning (p. 214)
64. Reinforcement (p. 214)
65. Punishment (p. 214)
66. Positive Reinforcement (p. 217)
67. Negative Reinforcement (p. 217)
68. Positive Punishment (p. 220)
69. Negative Punishment (p. 220)
70. Latent Learning and Observational Learning (p. 227)
71. Self-Efficacy (p. 432)
72. Attribution (p. 541)
73. Fundamental Attribution Error (p. 542)
74. Self-Serving Bias (p. 542)
75. Cognitive Dissonance (p. 544)
76. Prejudice, Stereotype, Discrimination (p. 547)
77. Conformity (p. 556)
78. Normative Social Influence (p. 557)
79. Norm (p. 557)
80. Obedience (p. 558)
81. Deindividuation (p. 563)
82. Abnormal Behavior Criteria (p. 458)
83. Medical Model (p. 460)
84. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (p. 461)
85. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (p. 466)
86. Panic Disorder (p. 466)
87. Simple Phobia (p. 466)
88. Social Phobia (p. 467)
89. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (p. 467)
90. Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorder (p. 471)
91. Learned Helplessness (p. 472)
92. Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa (p. 384)
93. Borderline Personality Disorder (p. 487)
94. Cognitive Therapy (p. 506)
95. Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (p. 509)
96. Behavior Therapy (p. 514)
97. Systematic Desensitization (p. 515)
98. Anti-depressant drugs (p. 521)
99. Electroconvulsive Therapy (p. 521)
100. Five Goals of Therapy (p. 525)