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The Design Process Engineering Graphics Dr. Stephen Crown Objective To understand the role that engineering graphics plays in the world of engineering To understand the process of design Overview Embark on an adventure Africa / Engineering The design process Six Steps Application Garage door problem A Trip into Africa You need to learn the language You need to learn the culture How are things done? What is important? An exciting experience that opens up new opportunities A new perspective A new way to communicate A Trip into Engineering You need to learn the language Engineering Graphics Definition: The use of drawings in the engineering design process based on a system of well established rules and conventions that clearly conveys information about an object Imagine trying to describe a simple physical object that you have never seen without being able to draw it Standard conventions (like vocabulary in language) allow us to communicate more effectively and with clarity A Trip into Engineering You need to learn the culture How are things done? Consideration of how a part is to be manufactured is essential in design What is important? Example: A radio Finish: The button part will be painted Color: The red color shows through when illuminated Cost: The company may make thousands each day Shape: The part must be aesthetically pleasing A Trip into Engineering An exciting experience that opens up new opportunities A new perspective Able to better visualize an object The act of creating a drawing is often an iterative process as the drawing reveals critical information A new way to communicate Allows for simple clear communication with other engineers and technicians When added to other forms of communication gives richness and strength to the presentation of an idea A Six Step Design Process Design Definition: The process of bringing together engineering principles, material resources, and creativity to produce a new solution to a well defined problem A non-linear process Concurrent engineering Many of the processes in design may be revisited several times Engineers are just some of the players A Six Step Design Process Step One: Problem Identification What is the problem? Defining the problem is the most important step in the design process Be creative even at this step (brainstorm) What part of the problem do we hope to solve? What is the design criteria? What limitations or conditions will restrict the design? Make a formal problem statement A Formal Problem Statement Problem A Description concise description capturing the main problem Requirements Conditions that must be satisfied Prioritize other items Limitations Determine constraints (cost, space, weight, environment, etc.) Additional Has information this problem been addressed in the past? Are there solutions to similar problems? A Six Step Design Process Step Two: Preliminary Ideas Brainstorm Wild ideas are encouraged Use your imagination (be creative) Make sketches Step Three: Preliminary design Select best of preliminary ideas Combine ideas Refine sketches Develop simple computer models Evaluate the merits of each design A Six Step Design Process Step Four: Refinement Look at the most promising ideas from the previous step Work out the details of each design More sophisticated computer modeling (design visualization) How will the proposed design interact with other systems? How will the parts be made? What materials will be used? Rapid prototyping Step Five: Analysis Apply engineering and scientific principles to evaluate the design Stress, fatigue, or wear analysis A Six Step Design Process Step Six: Implementation Choose the best design based on results of the previous steps (refinement and analysis) Documentation Design drawings (needed for patent application) Create working drawings (production drawings) Technical illustrations Build a prototype Do thorough testing Marketing Production planning A Six Step Design Process Application: The garage door problem Assignment: Write a “formal problem statement” addressing all the elements discussed in class Begin discussions (brainstorming) about the problem and write a concise description of the problem Come to lab prepared to continue this process Read the assigned section in your text for this week Review your class notes
