Download Energy and Matter - Colina Middle School

CHAPTER 2-----------SECTION 3
Energy and Matter

Energy: the ability to do work or cause a
change.

Energy is never created or destroyed but only
changes form.

Energy can be transferred or transformed
 Energy
transfer means it move from one object to
another
 Energy
transformation means it changes into a
different form of energy
Energy and Matter
Forms
of Energy:
There
are only two types of energy------Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy
Potential
change
Kinetic
- the ability to do work or cause a
- the energy of motion
Energy and Matter

Types of Potential Energy:
 Chemical
Energy – Energy stored in chemical bonds holding
atoms together
 Nuclear Energy – energy that holds the particles in an atomic
nucleus together
 Gravitational Energy – energy stored in an object raised off of
the surface of the Earth. The higher is is lifted the greater the
amount of stored energy in the object.
 Elastic Energy – energy stored in an object that is compressed or
stretched as in a string or rubber band.
Energy and Matter

Types of Kinetic Energy:
 Thermal
Energy - a measure of the total energy of all the
particles in an object
 Electromagnetic
 Electrical
Energy – the energy of light
Energy – the energy of moving electrons
 Sound
Energy – mechanical energy moving through a gas,
liquid or solid
 Mechanical
– energy contained in a moving object
Energy and Matter
 The
most important type of energy:
 Thermal
Energy - a measure of the total internal energy
of all the particles in an object
 Temperature
– a measure of the average energy of each
particle in an object
 Thermal
Energy always flows from the hotter object to the
colder object
Energy and Matter

Energy Changes:
Endothermic
Change - during this change
energy is absorbed or taken into the object
In
chemical reactions the substance created or produced
will get colder because energy is being stored in new
chemical bonds holding atoms together.
Energy
The
is used up by the reaction.
total energy of the new bonds is greater than the total
energy of the old bonds that were holding atoms together.
Energy and Matter

Energy Changes:
Exothermic
Change – during this change energy is
released or comes out of the object.
In
chemical reactions the product will get hotter
because energy is released from the chemical
bonds holding atoms together.
More
energy is released when bonds are broken
than is used up when new bonds are made.
Energy and Matter

Examples of Endothermic and Exothermic Changes:
Endothermic changes
 Physical
changes: melting ice, boiling water, cooking food
 Chemical
changes: photosynthesis, use of a “cold pack”
Exothermic
 Physical
changes
changes: freezing water; condensation,
 Chemical
changes: rusting of iron, burning a candle;
condensation; forming a crystal, any reaction where the
product gets hot
CHAPTER 2-----------SECTION 3
Energy and Matter

Energy: _________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

Energy is __________________________but only changes form.

Energy can be transferred or transformed
 _______________________means
it move from one object to another
 _______________________________means
form of energy
it changes into a different
Energy and Matter
Forms
of Energy:
There
are only two types of energy------___________ Energy and _________Energy
Potential
change
Kinetic
- ________________________ or cause a
- ____________________________________
Energy and Matter

Types of Potential Energy:
 _______________________
Energy – Energy stored in chemical bonds
holding atoms together
 _______________________ Energy – energy that holds the particles in
an atomic nucleus together
 ________________________ Energy – energy stored in an object raised
off of the surface of the Earth. The____________it is lifted the
____________ the amount of stored energy in the object.
 ________________________ Energy – energy stored in an object that is
____________________________________as in a string or rubber band.
Energy and Matter

Types of Kinetic Energy:
 ___________________________
Energy - a measure of the total
energy of all the moving particles in an object
 ____________________________ Energy – the energy of light
 ____________________________
Energy – the energy of moving
electrons
 _______________________ Energy – mechanical energy moving
through a gas, liquid or solid
 _______________________ Energy – energy contained in a moving
object
Energy and Matter
 The
most important type of energy:
 Thermal
Energy - a measure of the total _____________
___________of all the particles in an object
 Temperature
– a measure of the _____________________
__________________________ of each particle in an object
 Thermal
Energy - always flows from the hotter object to the
colder object
Energy and Matter

Energy Changes:
Endothermic
Change - during this change
energy is _____________ or taken into the object
In
chemical reactions the substance created or produced
will get __________ because energy is being stored in new
_____________________holding atoms together.
Energy is _____________________by the reaction.
The total energy of the new bonds is ______________ than
the total energy of the old bonds that were holding atoms
together.
Energy and Matter

Energy Changes:
Exothermic
Change – during this change energy is
________________________________________of the object.
In
chemical reactions the product will get _________
because _______________________from the chemical
bonds holding atoms together.
More
energy is __________when bonds are
___________than is used up when new bonds are made.
Energy and Matter

Examples of Endothermic and Exothermic Changes:
Endothermic changes
 _________________
changes: melting ice, boiling water, cooking food
 _________________
changes: photosynthesis, use of a “cold pack”
Exothermic
 Physical
changes
changes: ____________________________________________
 Chemical changes: rusting of iron, burning a candle;
condensation; forming a crystal,
________________________________________________