Download 1 - Quia

1. 8-bit Color - A video card that can display up to 256 colors.
2. 8-bit Sound - The lowest-end sound card.
3. 16-bit Color (or High Color) - A video card that can display up to 65,536
colors.
4. 24-bit Color (or True Color) - A video card that display 16.7 million colors.
5. .au – Unix Audio file format
6. .avi – Stands for Audio Video Interleaved. Windows format for saving video
with sound.
7. .bmp – Short for Bitmap. A windows format for storing graphics.
8. .gif – Stands for Graphic Interchange Format. The only format created by
international committee. a graphics file format originated by Compuserve
9. .jpg, .jpeg – Stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. compressed, stillimage graphics files. There are two major types of JPEG - progressive, where a
fuzzy images emerges into 100% decompression/clarity, and baseline or
standard, where a clear image is revealed, part-wise, top-down. Progressive, or
interleaved, decompression looks better over networks. A graphics format
capable of representing up to 16.7 million colors that is ideal for complex pictures
of natural, real world scenes, including photographs, realist artwork, and
paintings.
10. .mid, .midi – Stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Low quality,
uncompressed audio file format. Rather than recording sounds, MIDI
instruments/software record finger action - what note is being played, when, and
for how long. musical data
11. .mov – Short for Movie. QuickTime video file format. Macintosh format for
saving video with sound. A CROSS-PLATFORM real-time video and multimedia
data format developed by Apple Computer. QuickTime files can include text,
sound and video. A cross-platform real-time video and multimedia data format
developed by Apple Computer. QuickTime can include text, sound, and video.
12. .mp3 – Stands for MPEG Audio Layer 3. High quality, high compression
audio file format.
13. .mpeg - Stands for Moving Picture Experts Group. MPEG (pronounced Mpeg) is the name of a family of standards used for coding audio-visual
information (e.g., movies, video, music) in a compressed digital format. The
major advantage of MPEG compared to other video and audio coding formats is
that MPEG uses very sophisticated compression techniques to create files that
are much smaller for the same quality. MPEG-1: “postage stamp” resolution
352X240; MPEG-2: “broadcast quality” resolution, 720X480 w/ CD quality sound;
MPEG-3: High Definition Television
14. .png – Stands for Portable Network Graphic. It allows for both up to 8-bit and
8x8x8 palettes, variable transparency, gamma correction, better interlacing and
better compression than GIF. It does not, however, allow for animation.
15. .tif, .tiff – Stands for Tagged Image File Format. High quality, uncompressed
image file format. Can have very large file sizes. Scanners typically produce
these rastor-type images cross-platform file for storing high-quality graphics.
16. .wav – Short for Wave as in sound wave. Uncompressed audio file format.
Often used for short sound effects. Windows Audio file format.
17. .wma – Stands for Windows Media Audio.
18. .wmv – Stands for Windows Media Video.
19. Analog - waveforms, with valleys and ridges, referring to the natural form of
sound/audio. To store/playback on a computer, analog data is converted to
digital data.
20. Animation - making a graphic move; graphic movement; Drawn motion files,
either in 2-D or 3-D
21. Anti-aliasing - Process used to remove jagged edges in computerized
graphics.
22. Aspect Ratio - the relative horizontal and vertical sizes. When resizing
graphics, it is important to maintain the aspect ratio to avoid stretching the
graphic out of proportion.; height-X-width proportions of graphics.
23. Audio - sound, either synthesized or digitized, for playback with a computer.
24. Authoring Software - software that allows you to make something unique;
programs used to create full, multimedia productions, such as simulations and
tutorials. Most require some knowledge of programming language concepts. At
the "lower" end, presentation software
25. Bandwidth - the width of the band over which frequencies are transmitted.
The bandwidth is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies. The
greater the bandwidth, the greater the carrying capacity.
26. Binary file - a file written in a computer’s native language that can only be
read by humans with appropriate software
27. Build Effect - a visual effect that occurs in one scene
28. CD – Short for Compact Disc
29. CD-R (CD -Recordable) Software/hardware needed to create your own CD's
30. CD-ROM - CD Read-Only Memory.
31. CD-RW, CD-ReWritable - an erasable CD
32. CGI (Common Gateway Interface) - server-side programs, running at the
request of the client, that typically perform interactive Web actions. All web formprocessing other then simple mailto requires CGI.
33. Client - Any computer connected to a host computer, or the software used to
connect to the host. A computer or program requests a service of another
computer or program.
34. Client/Server - set of computer applications (programs) in which two or more
computers work together. Server(s) store data and programs, which they deliver
on request to clients. Part of the processing is done on the client, while the server
concentrates on storing and delivering the data to be processed. This interaction
between the client and server occurs in the background, so users are typically
unaware which computer handles what.
35. CODEC – Stands for COder-DECoder. Any technology for compressing and
decompressing data.
36. Color Palette - a selection of available colors; ranging from 16 colors to 16.7
million
37. Compression - Process for reducing file size, often called "zipping" or
"archiving". The resulting, compressed file can be from a single, large file or can
contain several files that have been squeezed into a single file. The many-to-one
compression makes file group identification, copying, and transporting faster and
easier.
38. Cookie - A "cookie" is a small piece of information, a virtual "sticky note",
sent by a Web server to be stored, by your browser, on your hard drive. The
cookie stores information about you and can be retrieved by the Website each
time you visit there. Without them, sites would not be able to retain information
about individual visits; thus, cookies store "state information."
39. Digital - not physical, exists in a digital world; soft copy; something that exists
only in the computer—not physical; process of converting video or audio signals,
normally in waveform, into 1's and 0's. This digital format (actually patterns of
on's/high-voltage (1's) and off's/low voltage (0's) rather than digits) can be
processed by a computer
40. Dithering - blending colors to modify colors or produce new ones.
41. Downlink - transmission of a signal from a satellite to a receiver on Earth.
42. Download - process of transferring a file from system to another.
42b. Dropped Frames - In digital video, when the computer cannot keep pace
with the displayed images, it drops frames in an attempt to catch up.
43. DVD - a new standard for recording video on CD-ROM's using MPEG2, thus
boasting better-than-broadcast TV quality. Costing about the same as a CD,
DVD-ROM's hold 8 to 40 times more data.
44. Frame - one image in a sequence of images; one image out of many in a
sequence; a single picture in a computerized "movie"
45. Frame rate - number of images per second displayed in a stream of video.
46. FPS – Stands for Frames Per Second. number of frames that play per
second; speed at which you watch a movie; frames per second - the number of
picture images displayed per second, giving digital video the illusion of motion.
30 fps considered to be TV quality
47. Full-motion video - digital video running at 30 fps; Full-motion video, with no
dropped frames, is considered 30 fps; 30 fps (see above) is considered fullmotion, television-quality video.
48. Graphics - Images are typically vector (object-oriented) or bitmap (rastor).
49. Graphics, bitmap - images are laid out in pixels, much like dots of paint on a
canvas. As such, bitmap objects are not independent entities, which can be
singled out for manipulation, but patterned series of dots. To enlarge (or reduce)
bitmap images, the number of pixels is increased (decreased), often giving the
resulting image a jagged appearance. File formats include: GIF, PCX, TIF, BMP,
JPG.
50. Graphics, vector - Graphics consisting of objects, each of which can be
separately manipulated - e.g. sized, moved, (un)grouped, positioned to the
back/front. The graphic components are calculated, hence can be sized without
distortion. File formats include: EPS, PIC, DRW, WMF.
51. Graphical User Interface (GUI) - A computer interface using point-and-click
mouse actions (rather than the keyboard exclusively) and pictures (rather than
text exclusively). Windows, Macintosh, Netscape and Mosaic are examples of
GUI products.
52. HDTV - High Definition Television. Because of the larger picture size (16-by-9
display ratio for HDTV versus 4-by-3 for regular TV) and more horizontal picture
lines, HDTV will have a higher quality display than conventional TV. Also, HDTV
has cd-quality sound and involves digital transmission instead of analog
53. Hypermedia - "hypertext" with links not only to text, but also to other forms of
media - sounds, graphics, movies/video, animation.
54. Key frame - a "complete" video frame, containing all the image detail, not
just the changes from the previous frame.
55. Layout - design or outline. The arrangement; location of elements in a work
area or in a product; the arrangement of objects in a publication; the design and
location of elements in a body of work
56. Luminance - a color's brightness.
57. Pixels - PICture ELements = Pixel. The tiny dots comprising a picture. Look
closely at your TV to see pixeled images.
58. Polyphony - the total number of sounds a sound card can reproduce at the
same time. A 32-note card can play 32 notes at a time.
59. Resolution - the clarity of the displayed/printed image. The more pixels/dots
per square inch (dpi), the finer the detail (higher resolution).
60. Resources - the materials, tools, information, and time needed to complete a
project (to create a finished product)
61. Sampling - When coverting video or audio waves to digital format, digitizing
software picks out points along the wave and records or "snapshots" these
points. These "snapshots" can then be replayed in much the same way that
motion pictures are recreated from the individual frames. The higher the
sampling rate, i.e. the more snapshots/points, per unit time, the more accurate
the computer's representation of the wave.
62. Screen saver - a visual program using moving graphics to prevent image
burn-in on older monitors. Newer monitors no longer need this protection
63. Server also Host - A computer that acts as a file server. Users at remote
computers (i.e. client computers) are allowed to access information that's stored
on the server, or host computer.
64. Skew – distorting a graphic by stretching either the height or the width
without regard to the other
65. Storyboarding - planning a project by separating and drawing out the
events; the planning out of a project or report in separate frames; planning a
project by separating & drawing out into frames or moments
66. Streaming Audio/video - capability to begin playing media onthe client side
before it has fully downloaded from the server side, i.e. begins playing as it is
coming in, " in real-time."
67. Synchronous - communication/interaction in real time
68. Synthesized - sounds created by computer circuitry.
69. SVGA (Super-VGA) - video monitor/card supporting 640x480 resolution (or
greater) with 256 colors or more.
70. Target Audience - The age or social group that a product will be viewed by
or created for
71. Teleconference - a phone meeting where callers can both see and hear
each other.
72. Text-to-Speech - voice synthesizers that "read" computer text. First used to
read screens for blind computer users
73. Theme Continuity - constant use of a style or color throughout a project;
consistency of an idea, theme, concept, or style throughout a project; a constant
use of a style, theme, or color throughout a project
74. Time Management - managing your time wisely; making the most of the time
you have available; planning before preceding; not wasting time
75. Transition - change from one place or style to another; movement change
between two different objects; slides, scenes, etc.; passing or changing from one
slide to another
76. Voice recognition - software which recognizes spoken commands. Most
software has to be individually trained for each voice, making its general usage
limited.
77. Web Cast – As broadcast is to TV, a web cast is to the internet. This
technology publishes/broadcasts personalized information to subscribers. Then,
instead of using bookmarks and search engines to pull down information, users
would run a client application that gets updated with data that is "pushed" down
by a server. AKA Push Web tech or "channel-casting"