Download 1. Use calculus to sketch the graph of a function. a) determine the

November 30, 2010
AB Calculus Unit Five Review Outline
1. Use calculus to sketch the graph of a function.
a) determine the domain,
b) determine symmetry,
c) find the intercepts,
d) use limits to find the vertical asymptotes,
e) use limits to find the horizontal/slant
asymptote(s)
f) use the derivative to find extrema,
g) determine the range,
h) draw a graph using the information above
2. Analyzing a function using the graph of its
derivative.
3. Sketch the graph of a function given
information about the first and second
derivatives.
4. Solve optimization problems.
5. Find a linear approximation of a funtion.
6. Find a differential.
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Test for Increasing and Decreasing Functions
Let f be a function that is continuous on [a, b]
and differentiable on (a, b).
1. If f '(x) > 0 for all x in (a, b), f is increasing
on [a, b].
2. If f '(x) < 0 for all x in (a, b), f is decreasing
on [a, b].
3. If f '(x) = 0 for all x in (a, b), f is constant
on [a, b].
The First Derivative Test
Let c be a critical number of a function f that
is continuous on an open interval I containing
c. If f is differentiable on the interval, except
possibly at c, then f(c) can be classified as
follows.
1. If f '(x) changes from negative to positive
at c, then f has a relative minimum at (c, f(c)).
2. If f '(x) changes from positive to negative
at c, then f has a relative maximum at (c, f(c)).
3. If f '(x) is positive on both sides of c or
negative on both sides of c, then f(c) is neither
a relative minimum nor a relative maximum.
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Definition of Concavity
Let f be differentiable on an open interval
I. The graph of f is concave upward on I if f ' is
increasing on the interval and concave downward
on I if f ' is decreasing on the interval.
Test for Concavity
Let f be a function whose second derivative
exists on an open interval I.
1. If f "(x) > 0 for all x in I, then the graph of f is
concave upward in I.
2. If f "(x) < 0 for all x in I, then the graph of f is
concave downward in I.
The Second Derivative Test
Let f be a function such that f '(c) = 0 and the
second derivative of f exists on an open interval
containing c.
1. If f "(c) > 0, then f has a relative min at (c, f (c)).
2. If f "(c) < 0, then f has a relative max at (c, f (c)).
If f "(c) = 0, the test fails. Revert to using the First
Derivative Test in this case.
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Guidelines to solving applied min/max problems
a) Identify all quantities either given or to be
found. Draw a figure if possible.
b) Write a function for the quantity to be
minimized or maximized.
c) Determine the feasible domain.
d) Use the derivative(s) to find the desired min/
max.
Linear Approximation
The linear approximation (tangent line) of f at
c is given by
Definition of Differential
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