Download Genetically Modified Organisms

Genetically Modified Organisms by Mr Anderson (Head of Science at Ampleforth
College)
Mr Anderson hosted this week’s Lyceum about genetically modified organisms, a rather
controversial subject. Firstly, Mr Anderson pointed out that humans have changed the genes of
many organisms, by selective breeding, since farming began. He gave the example of a
cauliflower which, like cabbages, sprouts and kale, originated from the wild mustard. He also
made the point that, with a rapidly increasing world population, lack of food could become a
serious problem.
Genetically modifying organisms in the laboratory could convey many benefits to mankind. For
example, we could prevent over 5 million deaths from occurring in children under the age of 5 if
we were to genetically modify rice so that when humans consume the food it would produce
more Vitamin A. This would be an amazing change that could save many lives. However, just
like many modifications, there are problems. Are we tampering with nature too much and could
there be unforeseen health issues? These are just two points that have been put forward to
prevent this type of rice (also known as golden rice) from being grown and used.
Currently in the United Kingdom there are no GM crops whilst only 10% of farmland in the
USA and Brazil is used for GM Crops.
During the session we used UV lights to observe genetically modified bacteria. These bacteria
had had a gene inserted which was originally from a luminescent jelly fish. The bacteria were
therefore able to glow green in UV light. It was quite scary!
Did you know there were Spider Goats in the world? Neither did we! Taking certain genes that
perform a certain task, snipping them and attaching them to other genes can allow scientists to
create some bizarre organisms. Goats are being bred with spider genes which code for silk
production. Once the goat is milked, the milk can be purified and the scientists are left with silk
fibres. These fibres are extremely strong and can be used for many structural purposes, including
in the human body. Incredible!
Overall, it was a fascinating Lyceum and one that sparked many questions and much debate.
Sophie and Imogen
Year 8