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Key Terms (Terms are listed in the same font style as they appear in the text.)
adaptation (p. 86)
artificial selection (p. 94)
background extinction (p. 93)
biological evolution (p. 83)
chemical evolution (p. 83)
coevolution (p. 86)
differential reproduction (p. 86)
ecological niche (p. 89)
endemic species (p. 92)
extinction (p. 92)
fitness (p. 87)
fossils (p. 85)
fundamental niche (p. 89)
gene splicing (p. 95)
generalist species (p. 89)
genetic engineering (p. 95)
genetic variability (p. 85)
genetically modified organisms (GMOs) (p. 95)
geographic isolation (p. 92)
mass depletion (p. 93)
mass extinction (p. 93)
mutagens (p. 85)
mutations (p. 85)
natural selection (p. 83)
niche (p. 89)
realized niche (p. 89)
recombinant DNA (p. 95)
reproductive isolation (p. 92)
selective breeding (p. 94)
specialist species (p. 89)
speciation (p. 91)
synthetic biology (p. 96)
tectonic plates (p. 86)
transgenic organisms (p. 95
Chapter 4 Crossword Puzzle
Across
7. Various sized areas of the earth's lithosphere that move slowly
around with the mantle's flowing asthenosphere
11. Skeletons, bones, shells, body parts, leaves or impressions that
provide recognizable evidence of organisms that lived long ago
15. Random changes in DNA molecules making up genes that can alter
anatomy and physiology in offspring
18. Species that is found in only one area
20. Parts of the fundamental niche of a species that are actually used
by that species
21. A catastrophic, widespread often global event in which major groups
of species are wiped out
22. Formation of two species from one species because of divergent
natural selection
23. Widespread, often global period during which extinction rates are
higher than normal
24. Insertion of an alien gene into an organism to give it a beneficial
genetic trait
25. Organism whose genetic makeup has been altered by genetic
engineering
26. Evolution in which two or more species interact and exert selective
pressures on each other that can lead each species to undergo
adaptations
27. Chemical or form of radiation that causes mutations
Down
1. Long-term geographic separation of members of a particular sexually
reproducing species
2. Normal extinction of various species as a result of changes in local
environmental conditions
3. Change in the genetic makeup of a population of a species in
successive generations
4. Species with a broad ecological niche
5. Phenomenon in which individuals with adaptive traits produce more
living offspring than do individuals without such traits
6. Full potential range of the physical, chemical, and biological
factors a species can use if it does not face any competition from
other species
8. Total way of life or role of a species in an ecosystem.
9. Process by which humans select one or more desirable genetic traits
in the population of a plant or animal species
10. Complete disappearance of a species from earth
12. Evolution of the biological molecules necessary for life, and
evolution of systems of chemical reactions needed to produce the first
living cells
13. Any genetically controlled structural, physiological, or behavioral
characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce under a
given set of environmental conditions
14. Process by which a particular beneficial gene is reproduced in
succeeding generations more than other genes
16. Species with a narrow ecological niche
17.
19. Separation of a populations of a species for long times into
different areas