Download NC Test Study Guide River Valley Civilization An agricultural notion

NC Test Study Guide
River Valley Civilization

An agricultural notion of civilization based around a river

Located throughout southern half of Asia and northern Africa

Between 3000 and 2000 BC

Polytheistic

Areas of India, Egypt, China and Mesopotamia

Many along the fertile crescent
Relationship between the Silk Road and the development of cities along the road

Throughout history, Eurasia was crisscrossed with communication routes and paths of trade which
linked the silk trade

Silk is a textile of ancient Chinese origin

The Silk trade was one of the earliest catalysts for the trade routes across central Asia

200 BC

Establishments of empires
Pericles and the Athenian Government

Came up with the idea of direct democracy

Every male got a vote

Much different from the government of Sparta which was more focused on military endeavors

Athens known for its educational endeavors
Columbian Exchange

The Columbian exchange refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the new and
old worlds

The exchange of plants, animals, diseases and technology transformed European and native American
ways of life

Beginning after Columbus’ discovery in 1942. The exchange lasted throughout the years of expansion
and discovery

1/3 of the population of North America was killed
The Printing Revolution

The printing press was invented in 1445 by Gutenberg

Printing was developed due to the high demand of books

The first type printing technology was invented/developed in China between 1041-1048

Help to spread ideals such as religion
Hammurabi’s Code

A certified code of law in 18th century dealing with criminal and civil matters

Divided society in 3 classes

Unified people in a civilization

Idea of an eye for an eye
India and the Salt March

The 1st act in an even larger campaign

Salt production in Indian had been a lucrative monopoly

Gandhi decided to mount a highly visible demonstration against the salt tax

Civil disobedience
Medieval/Middle Ages

Lasted 5th to the 15th century

Begin with the collapse of the Roman Empire

Feudalism: Class system

Crusades led to increased trade of Asian goods
Renaissance

Period from the 14th to 17th century

It started a cultural movement in Italy then spread to Europe

As a cultural movement it encompasses flowing of Latin literature beginning in the 14th century

Rebirth

Art and literature
The Black Death (Bubonic Plague)

Was carried by rate and spread to humans

20-40% of population died

Started in the 14th century

Weakened confidence in the church
Germany, Italy and Japan aggression

Were axis powers during WWII

Imperialism

Motivated by how poorly they were treated

Wanted to change the status quo

Took over many countries in Africa and Asia

Aggression towards allies and weaker countries with who they wanted their territory
Terrorists

Killed people in large amounts

They recruit the weak and lonely

Anti America

Terrorists working with Osama Bin Laden

Al Qaeda killed 7 times as many people as any previous attack

Cause panic among people
Glasnost and Perestroika

Created by Gorbechav

More freedom for the people

Last soviet president (would make the soviet union (communism) come to an end)

Japanese transition from imperialism to industrialization

During the Meiji period Japan transformed from Imperialism to industrial

Slowly they modernized their political, military, technological, economic and social forms

The reformers use the imperial symbol to rally public support
Cold War (Impact)

A war of words between the Soviet Union and United States

Soviet Union (Communist)

United States (Democratic)

As a result they (US) are now the dominant power

There was no winner

The soviet union was no more

Lasted from 1947-1991

US had a policy of containment to keep communism from spreading to other nations
Truman Doctrine

US policy to stop Soviet Union expansion during the cold war

The doctrine became the foundation of the presidents foreign policy and placed the US in the role of
global policeman

Truman made the plan amid the crisis of the Greek civil war

Idea to stop communism from spreading to other nations
Korean War

Fought in early 1950s between the UN

Supported by the US and the communist democratic peoples republic of Korea (North Korea)






1950s North Korea invades South Korea
First thing to make the world recognize Asia
North Korea allied with China
South Korea allied with the US
The two sides are still divided to this day
Divided on a demilitarized zone along the 38th parallel
Cuban Missile Crisis

13 day confrontation

Between the US and Soviet Union

Soviets wanted to keep nuclear weapons in Cuba

US set up a blockade of Cuba

Soviets agreed to remove the weapons as long as the US promised not to attack Cuba

Closest that the world had come to Nuclear War
Indian Nationalism

Gandhi led the rebellion

Wanted their independence from Britain

Used civil disobedience (nonviolence)
Opium Wars

Britain wanted to keep importing opium into china

The Chinese refused and the British attacked

Opium is an addictive drug that comes from the poppy plant
Vietnam War

War between the north and the south

Communism vs Democratic

There was no winner

The two sides are together during this time period
Industrial Revolution

Transition to new manufacturing processes

Use of factories

Increased work hours and production

Examples: Spinning Jenny and Cotton Gin

People were able to make products faster which would increase trade and the growth of wealth

Life was now easier for populations
Taylorism

Effective system of work

Theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows

Improve economic efficiency, especially labor productivity