Download Name Date Period ______ Homework – Chapter 26 Section 6 – The

Name _______________________________ Date ___________________ Period ____________
Homework – Chapter 26 Section 6 – The War Ends
Despite the desire for revenge against Japan for Pearl Harbor, the
United States decided that Hitler's Germany must be defeated first.
That United States had strong ties to countries already defeated by
Germany. Also, Germany seem to be a greater threat to the Western
Hemisphere then Japan did.
Vocabulary
The only way to defeat Germany was through an Allied invasion of
Europe. The allies planned to hit Germany from the south through
Italy and invade France from Britain. At the same time, the Soviet
Union could move against the Germans from the east.
Counterattack – two fight
back following and attack
What happened in the invasion of Italy?
American, Canadian, and British troops invaded Italy in September
1943. They captured the island of Sicily first. As Mussolini lost the
island, the Italian people, tired of war, Captured and executed him.
The new, rabble Italian government soon surrendered to the Allied
powers.
Lease – the act of getting
back at someone for
some wrongdoing
Atomic bomb – a bomb
with great destructive
powers
Bunker – an underground
shelter
Cease – fire – a call for
an end to fighting
Determined to protect Germany's southern boundary, Hitler advanced
toward Italy. The allies finally captured the city of Rome on June 4, 1944. At this time, however, the
Germans occupied most of northern Italy.
How did the Allies push the Germans back?
The Nazis, who had known for some time that the United States was planning an invasion, prepared
the coast of France. The beaches became deathtraps. The Nazis laid exploding mines in the water.
They strung barbed wire all along the sandy shore.
Gen. Dwight D Eisenhower, commander of the Allied armies, landed his troops on the beaches of
Normandy, France, on June 6, 1944. This was known as D – day. It was a very tough battle.
However, bye night, that Allies occupied about 80 miles of the French coast. They could begin to
move towards Germany.
By December 1944, the allies were confident that Germany's forces were trapped. But then,
suddenly, the Germans counter attacked. That German army pushed through the Allied line. On a
map of Europe, a large bulge represented Hitler's takeover of Allied territory. Led by General George
Patton, the allies counterattack. That Germans were pushed back. The confrontation became known
as the battle of the Bulge. It was the last offensive by the German army.
What was the Yalta agreement?
President Roosevelt was reelected for a fourth term in 1944. The strain of the war had taken its toll on
him. He was able to cope with his polio, but the president had suffered from a number of other
physical problems.
There was hope that the war against Germany would end in early of 1945. Allied leaders met in
February 1945 in Yalta, a small town on the Black Sea and the Soviet Union. Roosevelt, Churchill,
and Stalin agreed on a plan to follow when Germany surrendered. The plan became known as the
Yalta agreement
The plan had several points. First, the Soviet Union agreed to enter the war against Japan. Second,
Germany would be divided into four zones, each controlled by one of the allies. Third, the Soviet
Union would hold Democratic collections in eastern European countries under its control. Fourth, a
world organization called the United Nations would be created. The Yalta agreement seemed
reasonable at the time. However, after the war ended, parts of the agreement cause political
problems between the United States and the Soviet Union.
How did the war end?
Pres. Franklin Roosevelt died suddenly in April 1945. That nation was in shock. VP Harry S. Truman
became president. On April 25, 1945, Adolf Hitler killed himself in a bunker in Berlin. A bunker is an
underground shelter. Germany surrendered. The war in Europe was over.
The United States began to control the advance of the Japanese military. The allies were led by
American Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur and Naval Adm. Chester Nimitz. Japan lost Guadalcanal,
the Philippines, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. Despite the losses, the Japanese refused to surrender. The
Allies began to plan and invasion of Japan.
Why were atomic bombs dropped on Japan?
Pres. Truman learned that the United States had developed (in a top secret project called The
Manhattan Project) a new weapon called the atomic bomb, or the A–bomb. This bomb could end
the war, but it would cost enormous loss of Japanese lives. Truman was advised that over 1 million
American soldiers lives would be lost if Japan was invaded on land. Such an invasion would also kill
countless Japanese people.
In an effort to avoid using the atomic bomb, the president gave one last warning to Japan. Japan,
however, refused to surrender. Truman decided that he must approve the use of the atomic bomb on
Japan.
On August 6, 1945, from a plane named Enola Gay, The atomic bomb was dropped on the city of
Hiroshima. That weapon destroyed that major Japanese city and instantly killed or wounded 130,000
people. Three days later, a second atomic bomb was dropped on the city of Nagasaki, killing or
wounding 75,000 people. On August 14, 1945, Japan asked for a cease – fire – they wanted to end
the fighting. Gen. MacArthur accepted the formal surrender of Japan on September 2, 1945. World
War II, the worst war in history, was finally over.
Homework – Workbook 99 – The War Ends
Directions - Put the following events in the correct order in which they came. I recommend you write
the date next to each item as you read the section of the chapter.
A. _________ . President Roosevelt died.
B. _________ Allied leaders met in Yalta.
C. _________ President Roosevelt was re-elected.
D. _________ The United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki.
E. _________ General MacArthur accepted the surrender of Japan.
F. _________ The United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima.
G. _________ President Truman gave a last warning to Japan.
H. _________ Germany surrendered.
I. _________ The Allies began an invasion of Japan.
J. _________ The Soviet Union entered the war against Japan.
==================================================================================
1.
2.
President Harry Truman decided to use the atomic
bomb in World War II mainly to
The United States justification for dropping atomic
bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki was that
1. satisfy Allied demands for a quick end to the
war in Europe
2. gain valuable information for future
peacetime use of atomic power
3. increase the prestige of the United States
4. bring an immediate end to the war
1. the bombs' destructive power might end the
war quickly
2. Japan's military power was centered in
these two cities
3. Japan had attacked major cities in other
nations
4. Japan was on the verge of developing its
own atomic weapons
3.
Shortly after entering World War II, the United States began the Manhattan Project to
1.
2.
3.
4.
work on the development of an atomic bomb
increase economic production to meet wartime demands
defend New York City against a nuclear attack
recruit men for the military services