Download The End of the War

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Period: ________
The End of the Civil War
Life During Wartime
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African-Americans
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By 1862, they could serve in the military. After ___________________________, large-scale enlistment.
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They made up __________ of Northern population.
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By the end of the war, ___________ of the Union army was black.
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The majority were former slaves.
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They were for the most part accepted as soldiers, however, there was still discrimination.
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Served in ___________________________________________ commanded by white officers.
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They usually could not rise above the rank of ____________________.
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White Privates earned $13 a month plus $3.50 clothing allowance.
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Black Privates earned ___________ a month with no clothing allowance.
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Finally equaled in 1864.
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Worked in garrisons
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They caught typhoid, pneumonia, malaria…etc.
If captured they were executed, usually not held as ___________________________________.
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If they were not killed, then soldiers found ways of putting some back into ______________.
___________________________, TN/1864
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Confederate troops shot more than _________ African-American prisoners and some whites as they
begged for their lives. It was a massacre.
War Affects Regional Economics
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Decline of the ______________________ system
Inflation
Federal tax
_____________ Northern economy and ___________________ Southern economy.
Southern Shortages
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Food
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Drain of manpower and slaves working in fields.
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Meat became a once a week luxury.
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Prices skyrocketed
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In 1861, the average family spent $6.65 on food…in 1863, they spent ______________ a month.
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Union blockade of Southern ports caused people to _______________________ goods into the North for
exchange…trading with the enemy in order to survive.
Northern Economic Growth
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Army needs supported ____________________.
__________________ farmers bought goods to use on land.
Wages did not keep up with prices.
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Factory owners hired _________________________, _____________ blacks, __________________, and
______________ to work for lower wages.
Standard of living declined.
_________________________- paper money that was issued.
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Confederacy had their own version.
Women
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O’Farrell
Replaced _______________ on farms and in city jobs.
Obtained ___________________________________ jobs for the first time.
Congress began collecting an __________________________ in 1863 to help pay for the war.
Civil War Unit
Powerpoint # 5
Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Period: ________
Life for soldiers on both sides…
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No garbage disposal or _____________________ in camps
The armies tried to get soldiers to wash their hands and face every day and take a bath _______________ a week.
Union troops practically lived on beans, bacon, and ________________________.
Confederate troops ate “_________________”
Civil War Medicine
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U.S. __________________________ Commission:
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Improve _________________________ conditions of army camps
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Recruit and train _____________________
Sent out agents to teach soldiers how to avoid contaminating __________________ supplies.
Developed hospital trains and ships to transport wounded men from battlefield.
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____________________ Dix:
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Nation’s first superintendent of women nurses.
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Some _______________________ women served as nurses.
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Clara ____________________- “Angel of the Battlefield” helped soldiers on the front lines of
________________________.
The Confederacy did not have a Sanitary Commission but they did have nurses
Prisons
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Conditions were worse than camps.
Confederate prison-____________________________, Georgia.
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_____________________men into _________ acres or about _____________________ per person.
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They drank from the same river they used the bathroom in.
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____________ of the prisoners died.
Camp commander, __________________________________ (eventually executed as a war ________________)
Union prisons such as ____________________________ were only slightly better.
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Men slept in barracks but had adequate food.
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Hundreds suffered from _____________________ and dysentery.
Battle of ________________________________, Virginia
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May, 1863
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South defeated the North
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Lee outmaneuvered General ___________________________________ and the Union forces retreated.
General Stonewall ___________________________ returned from patrol on May 2. He was shot in the left arm.
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He died from pneumonia a couple of weeks later.
Lee wanted to invade the North. He crossed into Maryland and continued into ____________________________.
North Takes Charge
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O’Farrell
_______________________________, Pennsylvania
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July 1-3, 1863
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_________________________________ of the Civil War.
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Crippled the South
Confederate soldiers led by General ___________.
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While marching, they came across a couple of brigades of Union cavalry.
Union soldiers led by General ____________________________________.
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Sent his troops to back up the cavalry.
Day 2:
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____________________ Union soldiers vs. _______________________ Confederates.
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Lee gave orders to General _________________________ to attack a ridge held by the Union.
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Colonel _____________________________ men from Maine successfully fought back.
– His men began to run out of ammunition so he ordered a bayonet charge.
– The Confederates began to surrender.
Civil War Unit
Powerpoint # 5
Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Period: ________
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Day 3:
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Both armies exchanged fire for __________ hours straight. People say it could be heard in Pittsburgh.
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Longstreet reluctantly pushed forward along with General ___________________________ men to the
center of the Union troops. (Pickett’s charge).
Union losses=______________________
Confederate losses= ______________________
Vicksburg
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Grant was in Vicksburg, ____________________________
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It was one of two Confederate holdouts preventing the Union from taking the _________________ River.
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1863, Grant destroyed ___________________ to distract the Southern soldiers.
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While distracted, Grant was able to get an infantry into Vicksburg.
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Confederates surrendered on July 4th.
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5 days later, _______________________, Louisiana the other Confederate key to the River fell and the
Confederacy was split in _______________.
The Confederacy Wears Down
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The South is no longer able to fight…
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Low on ammunition, supplies, food, men
Confederate ____________________ deteriorated.
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Some soldiers _____________________ after receiving letters from home about the lack of food and
labor to work farms.
General Grant appoints William Tecumseh ___________________ as commander of the military division of the
Mississippi River.
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Both believed in total war…fighting both the army and _____________________.
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Civilians helped produce food and weapons and were a major contributor to the war effort.
Grant and Lee meet in Virginia
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Grant’s strategy:
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Immobilize Lee’s army in VA while Sherman raided _____________________.
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May, 1864- Grant threw his troops into battle after battle with Lee’s.
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______________________________, Spotsylvania, Petersburg
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In just a little over 1 month, Union lost nearly ______________________ soldiers.
Sherman’s _____________________________________
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Sherman’s men occupied the transportation center of _____________________, Georgia.
Sherman started marching Southeast through Georgia, leaving a path of destruction and living off the land.
He went up through North Carolina destroying it like Georgia. He accumulated _____________________
_______________ _________________ willing to fight for the Union.
Election of 1864_______________________________________________________________________________
Surrender at Appomattox
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March, 1865
Confederate President, Jefferson _________________ and his government abandon their capital, setting it on fire.
Lee and Grant arranged a surrender on _________________________ in a Virginia village called
________________________________ Court House.
The Civil War was finally over.
The Legacy of the War
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O’Farrell
The power of the Federal government ___________________:
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Passed laws that gave more ___________________ over citizens, including an ___________________
and ________________.
Economic changes:
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___________________________________- set up a system of federally chartered banks, set
requirements for loans, and provided for bank inspections.
Civil War Unit
Powerpoint # 5
Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Period: ________
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Union War cost- _______________________
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__________________ soldiers died, 275,000 wounded
Confederate War cost- ______________________
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260,000 soldiers died, ____________________ wounded
_____________ Amendment- outlawed slavery.
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Red ________________
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Started by Clara Barton in 1881.
Lincoln is Assassinated
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O’Farrell
5 days after the surrender at Appomattox, Lincoln and his wife, Mary attended a play at Ford’s theater in
Washington.
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John _______________________________, 26 year old actor, and Southern sympathizer
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Shot Lincoln in the back of the head
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He was captured and shot.
Lincoln died the following morning, _________________________.
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1st President to be assassinated.
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A funeral train carried Lincoln’s body from Washington to Springfield, IL in 14 days.
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__________________________turned out to mourn him.
Civil War Unit
Powerpoint # 5