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УДК 351.823.1
SOCIALLY and PSYCHOLOGICALY METHODS IN THE GOVERNMENT MANADMENT
OF AGRICULTURE
M.BESCHASTNA, assistant, Department of Extension Service, National University of Life
and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Тhe article analyses the main methods of management personnel is
represented in the works of domestic and foreign works, are allocated to the
social aspects of regulation and impact on the achievement of efficient use of
labor potential of the company. Examines the socio-psychological methods of
management and submitted their detailed classification . Conclusions are made
about the need for a new vision of the role of employees in the activity of the
agricultural enterprises and search methods, and strengthening their capacity.
Keywords: control, management, socio-psychological methods, methods
of social, ethical methods, psychological methods.
The problem formulation. Historical experience and modern practice
suggests that no system can operate without control. However, today the
problem of insufficient study of peculiarities of social-psychological methods of
management by the personnel of the enterprise, and cultural organization.
Analysis of the last researches and publications. Socio-psychological
methods of management are reflected in the scientific works of I.S. Zavadsky,
A.D. Guzinski, A.S. Chemerys, the F Krapivka, N.V. Onischuk, F.I. Hops,
G.V. Shchekin and other.
The formulation of the objectives of article (problem). The main
objective of the agriculture Department is that the control methods to provide
favorable conditions for functioning and development of agriculture, to do this,
determine methods of management and to identify socio-psychological methods
in the system of human resources management in the organization.
The main material. Market conditions provide for a competitive
production, which is the result of advanced technology and efficient
management. Such control is possible only under condition of perfect and
rational methods of management.
All set of specific techniques and ways of implementation of control
functions, aimed at the achievement of this goal is control methods.
Management methods testify however, as the organization carry out its tasks in
the sphere of management. Given this, some scholars define the method of
management as a way of realization of its functions, the levers of Executive
authority on the control objects [1].
The basic methods of management, based on the content and nature of
the impact on the control object that implement the goal, according to generally
accepted classification are: the administrative (administrative, economic, sociopsychological.
Socio-psychological methods are associated with conditions of work, living
and leisure of people, providing them with social services, involvement in the
process develop public and political activity. They include measures of
education, the clarification and promotion of the objectives and content
management, accounting psychological features of character and orientation.
Socio-psychological methods are associated with conditions of work, living
and leisure of people, providing them with social services, involvement in the
process vladovo, develop public and political activity. They include measures of
education, the clarification and promotion of the objectives and content
management, accounting psychological features of character and orientation.
Socio-psychological methods of management in content are classified as:
social, ethical, psychological.
Socio-psychological methods of management
Socially
Social
forecasting
Social
planning
Social
organization
Social
regulation
Creation and
processing of the
information base
The plan of social
development
Social
Institute
Support of
social justice
Improvement
of social
structure
labour
organizations
Improvement
of social
relations
public
organization
the improvement
of working
conditions
legal norms
social
norms
Social
sanctions
organized,
unorganized
the increase of labor
and social activity of
people,
development of selfgovernment
Social
norms
Morality
norms
Social
fitted
raising living
standards
Social
control
formal,
non-formal
formal,
non-formal
Morally-ethical
Ethical
material
Moral
Moral
incentives
Labour
(organizational)
promotion
Moral culture
- public value;
- the dignity of the human person;
- moral principles, ideals, which guide the
organization and other
Collective
- moral principles;
- the culture of ethical
thinking;
- culture of feelings;
- the culture of behavior and
other
Psychological
Humanizati
on of work
persuasion
and coercion
Harmony of relations
Methods of
psychological influence
imitation
attraction
Personal ethics
spiritual
Personal
Moral
values
Business ethics
social
Public
recognition
Задоволення
професійних інтересів
the urge
Professional ethics
Acquisition of
small groups
Професійний
відбір і навчання
praise
Relationships with
people
Attracting
workers to the
process control
Заохочення творчості,
ініціативи самостійності
please
Fig. – 1.1 Classification of socio-psychological methods of management
Social methods allow you to set the destination and place of staff in the team,
develop leaders, and to support them, to tie the motivation of the employees with the
final results of the enterprise activity, to ensure the development, use of effective
communication and conflict resolution in the team, the formation of socio-professional
groups, turnover of staff, a regional movement of labour, etc.
Social management methods include: social forecasting and social planning,
social norms, social regulation and social organization, social control.
At the present stage of development of social systems is a noticeable tendency to
increase the role of morals and standards, developed by public organizations and,
accordingly, to the gradual reduction of the scope of legal methods of state control [3].
One of the important methods of this group is to moral incentives, which used to
encourage as entire communities and individuals that have achieved high indicators in
production activities. To moral incentives include: labor or organizational incentives employee behavior based on measuring his feelings of job satisfaction, assumptions
availability creative elements in the work; stimulation governing the conduct of the
employee on the basis of the expression of public recognition - awards, placing pictures
on the Board of honour, praise and criticism, and other 4.
Psychological methods represent specific means and methods of influence on
process of formation and development of the collective, which consists of formal and
informal groups, relationship, social needs and other social-psychological factors, as
well as on the processes that occur in it [5]. Psychological methods include:
humanization of work; methods of psychological influence; satisfaction of professional
interests; professional selection and training of personnel; acquisition of small groups
according to the criterion of psychological compatibility of employees; establishing
harmonious relations between managers and subordinates; attracting workers to the
management process; encouraging creativity, initiative, independence.
Conversion carried out in recent years in the crucial sector - agriculture does not
yield the expected results. Almost no social direction of reforms, ignores the needs and
interests of working people - the main productive force of society. Manifested negative
phenomena, among which one should highlight the decreasing prestige of agricultural
labour, a significant decline in agricultural production, particularly of livestock very low
yield of peasants. The recession, the reduction in the employment of the rural population
has aggravated problems of rational organization of work and payment. Among them a
special role is played by social and psychological factors, which are directly connected
with the person and reflect her personality and labour behavior. These include
motivation of labour activity of agricultural workers, attitude to work, their labour
relations, incentives, labor adaptation, career guidance [2].
The modern period in the country's agriculture is characterized by the
restructuring of the economic system, and these transformations require fundamental
changes in labour, economic, social and other relations. On rise of economic
development and Ukraine's entry in this market environment, the problem of motivation
becomes most acute. Work motivation is a process of encouraging individual worker or
group of workers to high labour productivity. The basis of material motivation in public
(collective) distribution of material wealth is the salary is based on its reasonable
organization. All of this encompasses a wide range of human relationships in the course
of his employment behavior and social life [2].
Conclusions and recommendations for further research.. The variety of
methods of personnel management and enhance their capacity on the one hand gives
considerable results, and on the other, creates a number of new administrative problems,
for not give the standard schemes of action in different situations and specific binding of
each method to the task. Highly qualified Manager must be able to choose those
methods that will be most productive in a certain environment and for individual
employees. In addition, the end result largely depends on how the Manager was able to
recognize the obvious and latent ability of their employees and gave each of them to
participate in the activities of the enterprise. So, the modern HR management process
includes a complex of mechanisms, organized around the interaction of workers,
activation of creative potential of the staff, the integration of its efforts on the
achievement of objectives, and to the work of agricultural enterprises was effective need
to recruit workers to work and resolve issues related to it, it is necessary to encourage
staff to achieve maximum results and to look for new approaches to increasing
productivity and career growth of employees.
References
1. The conference of administrative reform in Ukraine / State Commission on carrying
out in Ukraine of administrative reform. K.: Center for political and legal reforms;
development Center Ukrainian legislation, 1998. 62 S.
2. Kulikov G.T. Motivation of employees. K.: the Institute of Economics of NAS of
Ukraine, 2002. - 339 S.
3. Malinovsky WA State management: Training manual. - M: Ed.-ed. CTD. “The Tower
Of The Ox. state University to them. Lesya Ukrainka, 2000. - 558 S.
4. Management Handbook C. agricultural production, L. D/ Zalevskogo. K.: Crop, 1981.
184 S.
5. Oginsky A. M. National system of agriculture: introduction in the General theory and
practice of public administration. K.: IAE, 1999. - 365 C.