Download Respiratory System - Manhasset Public Schools

Date: June 1st, 2017- period 1
Aim # 84: What are the structures and
functions of the human respiratory system?
Do Now:
HW:
1)Test Friday 6/2 (Regents MC!)
2)RRB pages 31-44 due Friday
3)Castle Learning (QUIZ #5) due next
MONDAY
Next Review Session is: @ :15
1. Human respiratory system
2. What’s going on when we
breathe?
• Gas exchange
• Take in oxygen
(needed for cellular
respiration)
• Release carbon
dioxide (waste
product)
3. Respiration involves…
• Breathing: bringing gas from outside to
inside lungs
• Diffusion: gas moves through lungs into
bloodstream and vice versa
• Cellular respiration: ATP production at the
mitochondria
4. Aerobic respiration
• requires oxygen
• Example: plants and animals
5. Diaphragm
• Muscle that
separates lungs
from abdominal
cavity
• Controls
movement of air
into and out of
lungs
6. Inhalation
• Diaphragm is
pulled
downward and
air rushes into
lungs
7. Exhalation
• Diaphragm
relaxes and
moves upward
and air is
squeezed out of
lungs
8. Cilia:
• Hair-like
projections that
prevent
particles from
entering lungs
9. What makes a good respiratory
surface?
• Thin
• Moist
• In contact with oxygen in the
surrounding environment
• In contact with transport system
10. Nasal passages
• Filter, moisten,
and warm air
–Hairs
–Mucous
membrane with
cilia
–Surrounded by
capillaries
• 11. Pharynx:
throat
• 12. Larynx:
voice box
13. Trachea:
• Windpipe
• Kept open by
rings of cartilage
• Ciliated mucous
membrane
14. Bronchi
• Two cartilageringed tubes
• Lined with ciliated
cells
15. Bronchioles
• Groups of tiny
tubes with
less and less
cartilage
16. Alveoli:
respiratory
surface…
where gas
exchange
takes place
17. Alveoli have a large surface
area!
• Our lungs contain
about 300 million
alveoli
• Total surface area =
70 square meters
• 40 times greater than
the surface area of
our skin!
18. Take a deep breath…
• Describe to me the pathway that
air takes into and out of our
lungs…
• Nasal passage  pharynx 
larynx  trachea  bronchi 
bronchioles  alveoli
Brain Pop: Respiratory System
• https://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysyst
ems/respiratorysystem/
19. What smoking can do…
No Smoking…
• Tobacco use remains the leading preventable
cause of death in the United States
• Approximately 80% of adult smokers started
smoking before the age of 18.
• Every day, nearly 5,000 young people
under the age of 18 try their first cigarette.
• Smoking kills more Americans each
year than alcohol, cocaine, crack,
heroin, suicide, car accidents, fires
and AIDS combined
20. Lung cancer
• Tumors form in lungs
because of irregular and
uncontrolled cell division
(mitosis)
• Normal human cells
change into cancer cells
when exposed to
carcinogens (cancercausing chemicals)
• Other carcinogens:
radon, asbestos,
radioactive materials, and
arsenic
21. Asthma
• Sever allergic reaction that causes
wheezing, coughing, and breathing
difficulties
• Bronchioles go into spasms, squeezing the
air passages
• Asthma triggers: smoking, pollen, indoor or
outdoor mold, dust mites, activity, colds and
infections, cockroaches, weather, strong
odors and sprays
22. Bronchitis
• Linings of bronchial
tubes are irritated and
swollen
• Passageways to alveoli
may swell and clog with
mucus
• Coughing, difficulty
breathing
23. Emphysema •
Lungs lose elasticity
• Walls of alveoli are
damaged, making
respiratory surface
smaller
• Causes shortness of
breath
• Damage is permanent
24. Pneumonia
• Alveoli are
filled with
fluid
• Prevents
exchange of
gases
Brain Pop: Smoking
• https://www.brainpop.com/health/personal
health/smoking/
Let’s Review!
25. Label the diagram below:
26. Which line in the graph below best illustrates an effect
of the carbon dioxide level in the blood on breathing rate
before, during, and after a period of exercise?
27. Answer the questions
based on the diagram below:
• What represents the
lungs?
• What does the rubber
sheet represent?
28. What is this a picture of?