Download Biology 201 chapter 8 study guideline!! (woot woot) Definitions

Biology 201 chapter 8 study guideline!! (woot woot)
Definitions: Tissue, Organ, middle lamella, pectin, Extra cellular matrix, collagen, fibronectin, transmembrane protein,
cell cortex, actin, tight junction, desmosome, plasmodesmata, gap junctions, ligand, receptor, signal transduction
cascade, ligand/receptor affinity, Kd value, desensitization, receptor down regulation(2 ways), drug tolerance,
intercellular receptor
1. I bought a bag of tomatoes last week. I left it in my refrigerator then I forgot about my tomatoes! Last night I
was cleaning my refrigerator then I found this smush, gewy, disgusting red and brownish… Thingy. What
happened to my tomatoes?
A. Your smuch, gewy, disgusting red and brownish thingy ate your tomatoes
B. Your smuch gewy disgusting red and brownish thingy is your tomatoes that has been bitten by zombie
tomatoes
C. Your tomatoes’ pectin was eaten by bacteria in your refrigerator
D. You didn’t buy any tomatoes. You were brain washed.
2. I bought some chicken from wal-m*** and I wanted to see if the same thing is going to happen to my chicken as
my zombie tomatoes. So I put it in refrigerator and waited a week and I found out that it didn’t become smush
like the tomatoes or the strawberries I bought. Why did this happen?
A. Your zombie tomatoes didn’t like chicken
B. There is no such thing as zombie chicken
C. Because chicken doesn’t have pectin that bacteria really like
D. Because chicken doesn’t have middle lamella that bacteria can live in. So bacteria couldn’t get into the
chicken
E. Because chicken is bad for you.
3. When I was a kid, my mom used to tie me to the wall and stuck a funnel in my mouth
And force fed me nothing but vitamin C until I was twenty six and a half years old. Why do I need Vitamin C in
my body?
A. Because Vitamin C is needed for us to photosynthesize energies at duckpond
B. Because Vitamin C is needed to hold the 3 collagen fibers together to form collagen
C. Because Vitamin C is needed to form integrin
D. Because Vitamin C is required for making actins that forms cell cortex
E. Because your mom was crazy
4. Let’s suppose that my epithelial cells covers your body are connected by tight junction. What kind of problems
would I have? Choose all that apply.
A. Your body is not going to be able to cool down because you can’t sweat.
B. Your cells on your epithelial cells are not going to be able to send out signals really fast in between the
neighboring cells
C. When you bend your body your skins is going to break because you need desmosome
D. You will not be able to keep the bacteria outside of your body because it’s going to enter through your skin
very easily.
E. All the above
5. Let’s suppose that my body cannot make the protein that forms gap junctions. And let’s also suppose that my
plant in my bathroom cannot make the same protein. What would be the result of this?
A. My body is going to fail because we need the protein to communicate faster if we need to. And same thing is
going to happen to my plant.
B. My body is going to be okay because there are other ways that the cells can exchange small molecules
across each other. But my plant is going to die
C. My body is going to be okay because I’m a superwoman but my plant is going to die.
D. My body is going to be okay because I’m a superwoman and my plant is going to be okay because it’s MY
PLANT
E. My body is going to fail because we need the protein to communicate faster if we need to. But my plant is
going to be okay because plants really don’t need that protein for the small molecules to move across from
cell to cell.
6. Just real simple question. Why do we need tight junction in our intestine? Give me 2 answers.
7. (T/F) One ligand always activates signal transduction by tapping on every protein’s shoulder (or scientifically
speaking, by activating every protein) that you need for the reaction.
8. (T/F) sometimes ligand doesn’t work because it cannot find the right receptor to bind.
9. (T/F) The ultimate goal of signaling events is to alter the target and change the behavior of the cell.
10. (T/F) ligand and receptors always bind by forming hydrogen bond.
11. (T/F) high affinity means you don’t need much medicine to get a wanted result which means it has high Kd
value.
12. What are the causes of desensitization?
A. Receptor down regulation
B. The cell endocytosis the ligand and the receptor
C. Drug tolerance
D. A and B
E. All the above
13. Let’s suppose that my body need some steroid hormones to do some… things to my cells. My body is going to
change its behavior by receiving the signal by (transmembrane protein, intracellular protein, surface protein).
14. Ligand A has basic functional groups sticking out of the surface. And Ligand B has half and half of basic and
neutral functional groups sticking out of the surface. Ligand C has half and half of basic and acidic functional
groups sticking out of the surface. Ligand D has half and half of acidic and neutral functional groups sticking out
of the surface. Ligand E has only acidic functional groups sticking out of the surface. (Take a breath) okay so the
receptor is positively charged, which ligand has higher affinity? And which ligand has higher Kd value? (order
them from highest to lowest)(draw a picture that might help)(know the charges of acidic functional groups and
basic functional groups)(know the definition of affinity)(know the definitions of Kd value)
15. Drug A has higher affinity and drug B has lower affinity. Let’s suppose that you have a patient who needs a lot of
drug to overcome his/her condition. Would you prescribe this person drug A or drug B? and why?