Download 7th Grade Atomic Structure and Periodic Table of Elements

7th Grade Atomic Structure and Periodic Table of Elements
Vocabulary and Essential Questions
Atomic Structure Essential Questions:
1. What is an element?
An element is a pure substance that is made from a single type of atom.
2. What is a compound?
A compound is a molecule made of atoms from different elements.
3. What is the difference between and element and a compound?
An element is a substance that contains only one type of atom. A compound is composed of more than one atom of
different elements.
4. How are compounds a part of our daily life?
There are millions of different compounds around you. Probably everything you can see is one type of compound or
another.. Examples: salt, sugar, water, aspirin, baking soda, etc.
Word
1. Atom
2. nucleus
Definition
Basic building block of all matter. Made up of protons,
neutrons and electrons.
The region in the center of the atom where most of an atom’s
mass is found.
Picture
3. proton
positively charged particle, found in the nucleus, takes up half
the mass in an atom.
4. neutron
Has a neutral or no charge, found in the nucleus, takes up half
the mass of the atom.
5. electron
Negative charge, found outside the nucleus of the atom, moves
very rapidly around the electron shells, very light and takes up
the volume of an atom.
6. energy levels
The electrons orbit around the nucleus of the atom. They stay
(shells)/orbitals/rings/ in layers called shells. Each shell can only contain a certain
electron shells
number of electrons.
7. atomic number
This is the number of protons in each atom. Found above the
element symbol on the PTE.
8. atomic mass
The total mass of one atom of an element. It is the mass
of the protons, electrons, and neutrons combined. Found
underneath element symbol on PTE.
9. element
An element is a pure substance that is made from a SINGLE
type of atom.
10. compound
A compound is a molecule made of 2 or more atoms from
different elements.
11. valence electron
The electrons that are found on the outermost shell and are
responsible for bonding.
12. molecule
A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together
chemically.
Periodic Table of Elements Essential Questions:
1. What is the PTE?
A chart of elements arranged into rows and columns according to their physical and chemical properties.
2. How is the PTE organized?
Today, the periodic table organizes the elements in horizontal rows, or periods, by order of increasing atomic
number, which equals the number of protons in the atomic nucleus of each element.
3. What is the PTE purpose?
The purpose of the PTE is to arrange elements according to reactivity behavior, molecular weight and atomic
number, to make classification easier and organized.
4. What characteristic properties classify elements as metals, nonmetals and metalloids?
Metals – shiny, ductile, malleable, good conductor of electricity and thermal energy, has luster, all solids at room
temperature (except mercury)
Nonmetals – most are gases at room temperature, those that are solid at room temp have a dull luster and are
brittle, poor conductors of heat and electricity
Metalloids – acts a a semiconductor, at high temperatures they are good conductors of electricity, at low
temperatures stops electricity from flowing
5. What significance do the elements play in our daily life?
Chemistry is all around us. We use it in the kitchen while cooking (chemical reactions), and we even use it in when
dying our hair. There are many elements that we use everyday
Word
Definition
Picture
1. Periodic Table of
Elements
A chart of elements arranged into rows and columns
according to their physical and chemical properties.
2. Dmitri Mendeleev
Russian chemist that discovered the PTE
3. Henry Moseley
His work led to a revision of the periodic table by
rearranging the elements by their atomic numbers.
4. metals
Elements found to the left of the zig zag line on the PTE.
Has characteristics such as malleable, ductile and good
conductors of electricity.
5. nonmetals
Elements found to the right of the zig zag line on the PTE.
Has characteristics such as gases at room temperature,
solid at room temp, have a dull luster, poor conductors of
heat and electricity, good insulators
6. metalloids
Elements that are found bordering the zig zag line. Acts as
a semiconductor, at high temperatures they are good
conductors of electricity, at low temperatures stops
electricity from flowing
7. ductile
The term used to describe a material that can be pulled
out into a long wire.
8. malleable
A term used to describe material that can be pounded into
shapes
9. periods
A horizontal row of elements in the Periodic Table of
Elements.
10. groups/families
Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table
11. Alkali Metals
Elements in Group 1 of the periodic table.
12. Alkaline Earth
Metals
Elements in Group 2 of the periodic table.
13. Transition
Metals
elements in Groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table.
14. periodic
In a repeating pattern.