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Teania worm
neck
scolex
Mature
segment
Gravid
segment
1. Teania saginata
2. Teania solium
Teania saginata
Double striated egg shell
Hexacanth embryo
More than 12 lateral
uterine branch
Taenia saginata
(beef tape worm)
Definitive
and
reservoir
host
Intermediate
host
Human infected by
eating undercooked beef
Gravid segment rupture and release eggs
• Maturation time 8-10
weeks .
• Life span up to 25
years.
• Scolex evaginate in
small intestine and
attach it self to
mucosa of intestine.
Pathology
• Adult: may be abdominal pain with
some abdominal disturbance.
-Scolex with hook
-Uterine lateral
Branches less
than 12
Usual Intermediate host
liberated embryo,via
bloodstream to tissue
especially muscle
Measly
pork
Cysticercus is liberated, scolex
evaginates, attaches itself to mucosa
of small intestine. develops to adult.
Maturation time 3months.Life span
up to 25 years.
Development of cysticercus
cellulosea-5x8-10mm
Definitive and
reservoir hosts
Pathology
• Adult: may be abdominal pain with some
abdominal disturbance.
• Larvae of T.solium produce cystic
nodules (cysticercosis) in subcutaneous tissue and muscles with mild
symptoms; except when present in
brain it can cause major central
nervous system sign.
• Cysticercosis can occur by
autoinfection:
• Internal—antiprestalsis movement of
intestine gets its contents back to the
stomach
• External ova in stool of infected
patient contaminate his own food or
hands
Liberated embryo
penetrates villus and
becomes cysticercoid
in4
days.Cysticrcercoid
re-enter lumen
,attaches itself to
mucosa and develops
into adult worm in
10-12 days
- Autoinfection
- Opportunistic
parasitic infection
- I.H & D.h
- Librated embryo penetrates villus
and becomes cystocercoid in
4 days .
- cysticercoid re-enters lumen,
attaches itself to mucosa and
develops into adult worm in 10-12
days.
Diagnosis: Eggs in stools
Tapeworm
Taenia saginata
Taenia solium adult
Disease
Taeniasis
Taeniasis
Treatment
Praziquantel 5-10 mg/Kg single dose
Praziquanlel 5-10 mg/Km single dose
Praziquantel (not for ocular cases)
Taenia solium larvae
Hymenolepis nana
Echinococcus
granulosus
Cystisercosis
Hymenolepiasis
Hydatid
disease
50 mg/Kg divided into 3doses/day for
14 days to hospitalized patient only,
-steroid to reduce reaction in brain
cysticerci)
)Praziquantel 15-25mg/kg single dose
-Surgery
(removal
of
injection of scolicide)
-Albendazole
cyst
after
Each cours 10-15 mg/kg/day for 30
days, total of 4 course separated by
15 days breaks.
cy clenana.gif
3-8 mm in length
4 segments:
1-scolex with 4 sucker and hooks,
2- immature 3- mature 4- gravid segment.
- Definitive host is dog.
- Intermediate host is sheep, cattle ,
camel and human.
Librated embryo
penetrates mucosa
carried by blood
streams to various
sites
(1) adult worms in bowels of definitive
host.
(2) eggs passed in feces, ingested by
humans or intermediate host.
(3) onchosphere penetrates intestinal wall,
carried via blood to lodge in organs.
(4) hyatid cysts develop in liver, lungs,
brain, heart.
(5) protoscolices (hydatid sand) ingested
by definitive host.
(6) attach to small intestine and grow to
adult worm.
• Infection
• Human (I.H.), acceidental
ingestion of dog feces containing
eggs.
• Dogs (D.H.) ingest offal (farm
feed of ground organs) containing
cysts.
Clinical feature and pathology
• Depend on site and size
• Can cause obstructions and pressure on
vital organs.
• Or rupture of cyst with anaphylactic
shock.
• Some cyst grow for short time ,die and
calcify.
• 66% of cyst found in liver in Rt lobe.
• H.cyst in lung cause pul.symptoms and
sputum containing blood and hydatid fluid.
• Can be found in bone , brain ,spleen and
kidneys…..
diagnosis:
• Clinically,
• ultrasound scanning and other
imaging techniques
• Laboratory
• Serological detection of
antibodies.
• Examination of cyst fluid for
brood capsules and protoscoleces,
after surgical removal of cyst.
• Serologic Testing:
detect antibody response
• IHA (indirect hemagglutination test)
• ELISA (enzyme-linked emmunosorbent
assay)
Treatment:
Surgical Removal
of Hydatid Cysts
• 90% effective but can be risky depending on
location, size, and advancement of cyst
• may need chemotherapy to prevent recurrance
Chemotherapy
• Albendazole is preferred treatment because it
penetrates into hyatid cysts.
• Dosage: 10mg/kg body weight or 400mg 2x
daily for 4 weeks, repeat cycles as necessary
(up to 12)
• Mebendazole Dosage: 40mg/kg body weight 3x
daily for 3-6 months
PAIR Treatment
• Puncture, aspiration, injection,
respiration
• Inject protoscolicidal substances into
the cyst
Tapeworm
Disease
Treatment
Taenia saginata
Taeniasis
Praziquantel 5-10 mg/Kg single dose
Taenia solium adult
Taeniasis
Praziquanlel 5-10 mg/Km single dose
Praziquantel (not for ocular cases)
Taenia solium larvae
Cystisercosis
50 mg/Kg divided into 3doses/day for
Hymenolepiasis
)Praziquantel 15-25mg/kg single dose
Hydatid
disease
-Surgery (removal
injection of scolicide)
-Albendazole
Hymenolepis nana
Echinococcus
granulosus
14 days to hospitalized patient only,
-steroid to reduce reaction in brain
cysticerci)
of
cyst
after
Each cours 10-15 mg/kg/day for 30
days, total of 4 course separated by
15 days breaks.
What you need to know about a parasite
• Scientific name (and commom name)
• Geographic distribution ( in general terms)
• Life-cycle
• Pathogenesis
• Disease(s) caused
• Diagnosis
• Treatment ( drug of choice) & prevention
Resources on Parasitology
Centre for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) :
http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/DPDx/HTM
L/Para_Health.htm
Resources on Parasitology
‫الحمد هلل‬
‫الحمد هلل‬