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Resilient Planet
Mission 1
Energy in Our Biosphere
Energy on Our Planet
• All ecosystems need energy to sustain life
• The earliest forms of life on our planet got
much of their energy from chemical reactions.
• Chemosynthesis the making of organic (lifebearing) compounds from chemical reactions.
Bacterium in tube
worms get their
energy from
chemosynthesis
Energy on Our Planet
• Most energy in our ecosystems comes
indirectly from sunlight
• Planets, algae, and some bacterium use the
process of photosynthesis to turn sunlight into
sugar to provide living beings with energy.
Photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis is the process in which plants
use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to
produce sugar and oxygen.
Chlorophyll
• Chlorophyll is a green pigment (color) that is
used to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide and
water into sugar.
plants
algae
bacterium
Cellular Respiration
• Cellular Respiration– cells use oxygen to break
apart sugar molecules and released stored
energy (chemical potential energy!)
Energy Cycle on Earh
• Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration work
together to keep
Classifications within Ecosystems
• Biotic Classifications
– Organisms – any individual life form, ranging from
plant to animal to bacterium
Classifications within Ecosystems
• Species – a class of organisms that share
common characteristics and specific
hereditary traits
Classifications within Ecosystems
• Population – the number of a particular
species in a specific geographical area
Classifications within Ecosystems
• Community – different populations of
organisms that interact with each other.
• Biodiversity– the number and variety of
organisms that live in an ecosystem.
Classifications within Ecosystems
• Predator – an animal that captures and eats
other animals
• Prey – an organism that is captured and eaten
by another a predator
Habitats in an Ecosystem
• Habitat – a place where an organism can find
what it needs to survive, in terms of both
biotic and abiotic factors.
Habitats in an Ecosystem
• Niche – the combination of behaviors and
resources that an organism is adapted to
exploit.
• Competition – when two or more organisms
rival for resources.
Habitats in an Ecosystem
• Carrying capacity – the largest population that
an environment can support over a long
period of time
• Limiting factors – the biotic or abiotic factors
that restricts the growth of a population.
– Limited food
– Limited space
– Other examples?????
Biomes
• Biomes are a way to describe a large group of similar
ecosystems.
• Land biomes are grouped by precipitation ranges,
temperature ranges, geography and the plants that
grow in that area, for example:
Biomes
Biomes
• Similar biomes are found throughout the
world, each containing many unique
ecosystems.