Download Determining Age using Bones

Determining Age using Bones
How bones show AGE



# of bones (adults have fewer)
Condition
Growth plate vs epiphyseal line


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Epiphysis – end of long bone
Epiphysis line-growth plate
Fused – bones joined together
Sutures
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

Sagittal-open less than 35 yrs
Lambdoidal-starts at 21-closes at 30 yrs
Coronal-closed at 50 yrs
X-ray of Bone Growth


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Plvd7
eslg-Q
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dV1B
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What to Look For?

If the person is young:
*Length of the bones (height)
*Growth plate (epiphyseal line)
Different bones fused at different times in our lives
*Status of the teeth
Young or Old?
What to Look For?

In people over 20:

Epiphysis on sternal end of
clavicle is last epiphysis to
fuse at approximately 30
years
What to Look For?

Over 30:



Look for deterioration
Less dense bones
More porous bones
Normal X-ray
Osteoporosis X-ray
Best Bone for Age?

The pelvis!
Ischium and Pubis

Ischium and pubis are
almost completely
united (7-8 years)
Ileum, Ischium and
Pubis


Ileum, ischium
and pubis are
joined together
(13-14 years)
Ileum, ischium
and pubis fully
ossified (no
epiphyseal
unions) (20-25
years)
Sacrum


Two lowest
segments of
sacral
vertebrae
are joined
together (18
years)
All segments
of sacrum
are united
(25-30
years)
Back View of Sacrum
Head and Tuberosities

Head and
tuberosities
are more
defined at
birth and
join to
become one
epiphysis (6
years)
Condyles


Radial head,
trochlea and
external
condyle blend
to unite with
shaft (16-17)
Internal
condyle unites
with shaft (18)
Upper Epiphysis

Upper
epiphysis
unites with
shaft (20)
Changes in Femur

Parts of the Femur
Trochanters



Greater trochanter
appears at age 4
Lesser trochanter
appears at ages
13-14
Head, greater and
lesser trochanters
join the shaft at
age 18