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Figure 8: The impact of acid rain on the terrestrial environment
Source: compiled from the data in Fernandez (1985); Shriner and
Johnson (1985); Tomlinson (1985).
Implications and Recommendations
In a world of uncertainty with a high climatic risk,
it is necessary to follow a safety strategy that would
advance basic research as well as research on the causes
and impacts of climatic change and introduces precautionary
measures. All of these measures should be shared globally,
without political, social or economic reservation (Sinha et
al, 1989; Bach, 1989). These recommendations are the
following.
1. Ensuring food security in the future will require
greater emphasis on land, air and water management, crop
management and postharvest management. Availability of
energy will be a significant factor. So it is better to
have a more efficient use of energy resources. This reduces
energy
demand
and
fossil
fuels
use
which
results
automatically in decreased emission and reduces the impact
on environment and climate. It also saves the nonrenewable
fossil
fuels
for
purposes
less
wasteful
than
mere
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combustion. The reduced demand permits pollution free
renewable resources to contribute substantially to energy
supply.
2. A more effective control of the production of
synthetic chemicals must be imposed. This includes safety
clearance of all new chemical substances as to their shortterm and long-term effects, individually or in combination,
on people environment and climate. Likewise, it is
necessary to replace all synthetic chemicals already in use
that are detrimental to health and environment.
3. A more effective regulations of land use must be
developed. This includes reducing deforestation in the
topics, biomass burning in the subtropics, forest dieback
in midlatitudes and soil destruction worldwide.
4. A more rapid introduction of available abatement
techniques which includes emissions reductions before,
during and after combustion.
5. In a changing climate, the smaller nations are the
most vulnerable from the point of view of food security.
These nations must be encouraged to group and pool thier
resources required for stepping up food security measures.
This will provide the advantage of risk pooling across
regions and crops, making a group of nations as a whole
less susceptible to climate effects.
6. In the long term, adoption of food security
measures will come to be viewed in the broader context of
regional development. Specific studies on criteria to be
adopted
for
forming
national
groups;
the
crop
and
production technologies needed; the appropriate balance
between development, such as transportation, distribution
and marketing network, need to be initiated.
7. Considerable additional research on the annual,
seasonal and intraseasonal variability and climate in
individual regions is needed. Links between the results of
this research and agricultural production should be
established.
8. Specific research on the effects of climate change
is required for planning and designing agricultural
production and food security systems that span several
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decades
such
as
irrigation
expansion in coastal areas.
systems
or
agricultural
9. People must be informed of the issues pertaining
global climate change so that they can help in alleviating
the problem. Somehow, this move can also initiate action on
the part of the policy makers.
10.
Developed
and
support
technical
cooperation
projects should be initiated to allow developing nations to
participate
in
international
mitigation
efforts,
monitoring, research and analysis related to the changing
atmosphere.
11. A strong support form the government/ policymakers
is needed for environmental education in primary, secondary
and universities. Consideration should
be given to establishing groups in university departments
for addressing the crucial issues of global climate change.
This programs will aim at sharpening perceptions on the
issues and changing public values and behavior with respect
to the environment and may lead to the development of
environmental ethics.
Activity 3:
Answer this activity. Be sure to
principles and concepts being explained
before answering this activity.
understand the
in the lesson
1. Is there an indication that climate change is already
present in the Philippines? Describe the possible
scenarios that occur in your own place or any other
place in the Philippines.
2. As a student, how can you help reduce the occurrence of
the global warming/greenhouse effect and ozone depletion
in our country?