Download Genetics Review Sheet ANSWERS

Genetics Review Sheet
Name: _________________________________________________
Date:___________________
Match the terms on the left with the correct descriptions on the right.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
_C____Gene
_E____Allele
_D____Dominant gene
_F____Recessive gene
_B____Homozygous
_G____Heterozygous
_A____Genotype
_H____Phenotype
A. The genetic makeup of an organism
B. Both pairs of genes for a specific trait are the same
C. A section of DNA that controls a specific trait
D. The presence of this gene masks the other gene
E. Alternative form of a gene
F. Gene is masked by the other gene unless there are 2 copies
G. Both pairs of genes are different
H. The physical appearance of an organism
Fill in the blanks.
9. An Austrian monk who experimented with pea plants and is known as the father of genetics.
___Gregor Mendel_____________________
10. The tool used to determine the probability of offspring of a cross between two parents is called
a ___Punnett Square__________________.
11. What is the phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross between two heterozygotes?
_3:1____________
12. During anaphase of meiosis I or meiosis II, the chromosomes may fail to separate resulting in
gametes with either an extra or one less chromosome. This in known as
___mutation______________.
13. Scientists can diagnose certain genetic disorders by analyzing a
___karyotype________________.
14. A disorder involving mutations in multiple genes and the effects of the environment is known as
a __multifactorial_________________ disorder.
15. In order to study disease in humans and whether traits are dominant, recessive, or X-linked,
scientists can use a _pedigree___________________
16. When one trait is controlled by multiple genes it is known as
___polygenetic_____________________.
17. When one gene affects multiple traits is known as __pleiotropy_________________.
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
18. How are insertions and translocations different? How are they similar?
____Insertion has one trait put INTO another gene, while translocation places multiple traits
on different locations of multiple genes.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Genetics Review Sheet
19. Explain how X-linked traits are inherited for both males and females. ____Females are carriers.
Trait for disorders is only found on the X
chromosome.___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_______
In humans brown eyes are completely dominant to blue eyes. B= Brown b= blue
20. Cross a homozygous brown eyed mother with a heterozygous father.
Genotypes: _BB, Bb _
Phenotypes: __Brown eyes
In humans blood type is an example of codominance.
21. Cross a heterozygous type AB mother with a
type O father.
Phenotype
Genotype
O
ii
A A
A
I I or IAi
B
IBIB or IBi
AB
IAIB
Genotypes: __Ai, Bi
Phenotypes: __A or B
In human hair texture is an example of incomplete dominance.
HH= Curly Hair
Hh= Wavy hair
hh= straight hair
22. A curly haired father and wavy haired mother have offspring. What are their genotypes and
phenotypes?
Genotypes: _HH_Hh________
Phenotypes: __Curly and wavy
Mom
Dad
Ray
Steve
Mike
Eye Color
Hair Type
Blood Type
Heterozygous Brown
Wavy
O
Blue
Straight
Homozygous B
Homozygous Brown
Straight
AB
Blue
Curly
Heterozygous B
Heterozygous Brown
Wavy
B
Use the above table to complete the Punnett squares below.
Genetics Review Sheet
23. Cross mom and Dad for all 3 traits
Eye Color
Blood Type
Hair Type
24. Identify which male is the son of the mom and dad.
Use the Punnett squares you created on the left to
eliminate/pick the correct son. In the space provided tell
us who you picked and why.
________________________________________________
___________Mike_________________________________
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