Download Notes: Energy for Life student 11-6-13

Energy for Life
Energy
 ______________________ (move or change matter).
 can be ________________into different forms
 chemical, electromagnetic, mechanical.
Laws of
Thermodynamics
 energy CAN be ____________________________.
 energy is ______ during transformations ________.
Energy on Earth
 _______________.
 ______________________________ as heat.
Living things
need energy
 for cell processes
 _______________
 ______________
 ________________ across membranes
 synthesis of ______________
 _________________
Heterotrophs
Autotrophs
Energy for cells
 ____________
 get energy by ___________________________
 herbivores, _____________, decomposers
 ____________
 convert ________________________ (photosynthesis)
 plants, ______________________
 chemiosynthesis: near ______________ some organisms use
inorganic compounds to make food
 _______________________________ (“pennies” of energy)
 _______ = adenosine triphophate
 ______________ energy storage
 ___________________ (“dollars” of energy) (_______)
 ____________ energy storage
 _________________________ (“$100 energy)
Photosynthesis
reaction

Light
Plants are GREEN
Plant pigments
Accessory plant
pigments
(glucose)
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6 O2

from
from from
made in made in
____
____ ____
____
_____
reaction reaction

made into ____
later in
cellular respiration
 travels as ___________________ (particles of energy).
 sunlight: all wavelengths of ____________
 _____________
 can be ______________________________.
 color of object = ______________________.
 ______________.
 ___________ are colors of light absorbed by plants to power
photosynthesis
 substances that ___________
 chlorophyll a: _________________ that absorbs sun light
 chlorophyll b and carotene: ______________________
Choroplasts
Leaf Structure
 __________________________________

thylakoids: _____________ membrane sacs
 contain ____________
 location where __________________

granum: stack of ____________

stroma: ______________________
 where ___________________
 mesophyll cells: contain _________________
 stoma: ________________________________
 guard cells: ____________________________
Photosynthesis
process
 occurs ______________
 ____________ (light reaction)
 requires ____________,
and ______________

_____________ (dark reaction
or Calvin cycle)
 requires ______and __________________
Light reaction
 occurs in _____________________ in chloroplasts
 needs ______________________
 produces _____
 released as _______________
 NADPH and ATP
 _____________________
Dark reaction
(Calvin cycle)
 happens in _____________________________
 can take place ______________
 uses _____________________
 builds __________________ to store energy
Factors that affect
rate of PS
 Temperature
 ___________________ at particular temperatures
 PS __________________
 temperatures __________________________
 ________________________ stops PS
 Light Intensity
 ____________________
 Carbon dioxide
 ______________________
 Color of Light
 _________________ for PS
Why do leaves
change color in fall?
 pigments in leaves
 ____________: green
 present ______________
 carotenoids: _________________
 present all year but ____________________________
 anthocyanins: ______
 made in ____________________
When do leaves
change?
 _____________/ fewer hours of sunlight
 __________ temperatures
 produce _____________________
 _______________show through
 anthocyanins
 ________________