Download Fetal Pig Dissection Handbook

Fetal Pig Dissection Handbook
Mrs. Connell
Anatomy II H
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Table of Contents
Safety Procedures………………...………………………………..…….3
Preparing the Pig………………………...………………………….....…4
Opening Ventral Body Cavities…………………...………………...5
Jaw & Oral Cavity.……..…………………………………………..……...6
Endocrine & Lymphatic System……………………………………6
Respiratory System……………………………………………………..7
Digestive System…………………………………………………………8
Blood Vessels & Circulatory System……………………………..9-11
Urinary & Reproductive Systems…………………………………12
Male Reproductive System……………….……………….13
Female Reproductive System………………………….…13
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Safety Procedures
1) Do not engage in horseplay! Common sense should rule here
when working with sharp instruments.
2) Pin the specimen to be dissected securely in the dissecting pan or
tray. Never dissect while holding the specimen in your hand(s).
3) Wear safety goggles and gloves at all times, even if you are not
doing the dissecting.
4) You must wear closed toed shoes and pull long hair out of your
face.
5) Point sharp objects or tools away from yourself and others.
6) Wash and return your dissection tools to their appropriate
container.
7) Care for and dispose of your dissection in accordance with the
directions given by your instructor.
8) Obviously one should not eat or drink in a laboratory where a
dissection is occurring.
9) Wash your hands and dissection area after each dissection.
10) Minimize the number of pigs sacrificed for dissection.
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Preparing the Pig
1. Remove pig from bag.
2. Lay pig on dissecting tray.
3. Keep liquid preservatives in the bag to keep pig moist for
future use.
4. Place pig ventral surface up on dissecting tray.
5. Identify the gender of your pig.
a. Males: urogenital opening (caudal to umbilical cord)
b. Females: urogenital opening (anterior to anus)
6. Prepare a label for your pig bag.
a. Name of group
b. Name of pig
Annie & Denise
“Sloppy Joe”
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Opening Ventral Body Cavities
1. Use scissors to longitudinally cut through abdominal muscles
at the midline, anterior to the umbilical cord.
2. Cut laterally to the sternum, ending at lower lip.
3. Cut around each side of the umbilical cord, continuing to
genital area.
4. Cut horizontally on each side of the diaphragm, leaving the
diaphragm intact.
5. Pull open thoracic and abdominal cavities.
6. Dispose of fat as specified by instructor.
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Jaw & Oral Cavity
1. Use a scalpel to cut the sides of the mouth so that the bottom
jaw can be opened for easier viewing.
2. You will need to cut through the musculature and the joint
that holds the lower jaw to the skull.
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Glottis
Epiglottis
Nasopharynx
Hard palate
Soft palate
Pharynx
Trachea
Endocrine Organs & Lymphatic System
1. Place pig ventral side up
Thoracic Cavity
 Thyroid gland
 Thymus
 Thoracic duct
 Lymph nodes
Abdominal Cavity
 Pancreas
 Adrenal glands
 Gonads (ovaries or testes)
 Spleen
 Ovaries
 Testes
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Respiratory System
Major Organs
 Larynx
 Trachea
 Lungs
 Diaphragm
Respiratory Structures
 External nares
 Nasal cavity
 Oral pharynx
 Larynx
 Thyroid cartilage
 C-shaped tracheal cartilages
 Trachealis muscle
 Right/Left Primary bronchi
 Secondary bronchi
 Tertiary bronchi
 Pulmonary artery
 Pulmonary vein
 Parietal pleura
 Visceral pleura
 Diaphragm
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Digestive System
Oral Cavity
 Hard palate
 Soft palate
 Papillae
Esophagus & Abdominal Organs
 Laryngopharynx
 Esophagus
 Diaphragm
 Esophageal hiatus
 Parietal Peritoneum
 Visceral Peritoneum
 Liver
 Gallbladder
 Cystic duct
 Falciform ligament
 Stomach
o Esophageal sphincter
o Cardia
o Fundus
o Body
o Pylorus
 Pancreas
 Common bile duct
 Common hepatic duct
 Small intestine
o Duodenum
o Jejunum
o Ileum
o Ileocecal junction/sphincter
 Mesentery
 Large intestine
o Colon
o Cecum
o Rectum
o Anus
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Circulatory System & Blood Vessels
The pigs are injected with dyes to identify the arteries and veins.
Arteries are injected with red latex and veins with blue latex.
1. Place pig ventral side up.
2. Identify these major organs for relationship:
Major Organs
 Heart
 Trachea
 Lungs
 Diaphragm
 Stomach
 Spleen
 Pancreas
 Liver
 Small intestine
 Large intestine
3. Use scissors to cut the pericardial sac surrounding the heart
to expose the organ. Identify the following arteries:
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Arteries (above the diaphragm)
 Pulmonary trunk
 Right pulmonary artery
 Left pulmonary artery
 Ascending aorta
 Aortic arch
o Brachiocephalic artery
 Right subclavian artery
 Right common carotid
 Left common carotid
o Left subclavian artery
 Vertebral artery
 Axillary artery
 Brachial artery
 Radial artery
 Ulnar artery
 Thoracic aorta
 Abdominal aorta
Arteries (below the diaphragm)
 Celiac trunk
 Superior mesenteric artery
 Renal arteries
 Testicular arteries (males)
 Ovarian arteries (females)
 Inferior mesenteric artery
 Right & Left external iliac arteries
 Right & Left umbilical arteries
 Internal iliac artery
 Femoral artery
 Popliteal artery
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Veins (above the diaphragm)
 Radial vein
 Ulnar vein
 Brachial vein
 Axillary vein
 Subclavian vein
 Right/Left brachiocephalic vein
 Superior vena cava
 External jugular vein
 Internal jugular vein
Veins (below the diaphragm)
 Femoral vein
 External iliac vein
 Common iliac vein
 Inferior vena cava
 Renal veins
 Gonadal veins
 Hepatic portal vein (might not be blue, might be brown)
 Umbilical vein
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Urinary System & Reproductive Systems
1. Pull back the abdominal viscera from the digestive system.
Kidney
 Renal hilus
 Renal artery
 Renal vein
 Ureter
Urinary Bladder
 Urethra
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Male Reproductive System
 Scrotum
 Testes
 Epididymis
 Vas deferens
 Spermatic cord
 Inguinal canal
 Urethra
 Prostate
 External urogenital orifice
 Penis
 Prepuce
Female Reproductive System
 Body of uterus
 Uterine horns
 Ovaries
 Uterine tubes
 Fimbriae
 Urethra
 Vagina
 Urogenital orifice
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