Download Every object reflects some light and absorbs some light. The way

Chapter 16 sec 3 +4
Every object reflects some light and absorbs some light. The way light is
reflected depends on the surface of the object.
Light can be modeled as a ray. This study is called Geometrical Optics.
Rough surfaces reflect light rays in many directions. Smooth surfaces
reflect light rays in one direction.
On a smooth surface the angle of reflection is the same angle the light
hits the surface. THIS IS KNOWN AS THE LAW OF REFLECTION.
Mirrors reflect light as described by the law of reflection, and this light
reaches your eyes. The type of image you perceive depends on the
type of mirror.
Flat mirrors form virtual images by reflection. The image appears as far
behind the mirror as you are in front of the mirror.
Curved mirrors can distort images. An example is a fun house mirror.
Concave mirrors curve in. Convex mirrors curve out. The passenger
mirror on a car is convex.
Colors that you perceive depend on the wavelengths of visible light that
reach your eyes.
Objects have the color of the wavelengths they reflect. Filters are
colored by the color of light that passes through it.
Mixtures of colors produce other colors. Like yellow and blue make
green.
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Light waves bend, or refract, when they pass from one transparent
medium to another.
Refraction makes objects appear to be in different positions. (see
figure 2 pg 567) This is a example of things that appear closer as you
look into water.
Refraction in the atmosphere creates mirages. This is when it looks
like water on the road on a hot summer day. The temperature of the
air affects the speed that light travels.
When light passes through a medium that has a curved surface, a lens,
the rays change direction.
Lenses can magnify images. Magnification is a change in the size of a
image compared with the size of the object.
The eye depends on refraction and lenses. Your cornea focuses images
on the retina in your eye.
A prism can separate the colors of light because the speeds of light
waves traveling through the medium depend on the wavelengths of
light.
Different colors of light are refracted by different amounts. This is due
to the speed of the individual colors.
Rainbows are caused by dispersion and reflection. (see figure 9 pg 571)
The speed of the colors is changed by the rain droplets which causes
the rainbow.