Download Chemistry Semester 2 Final Exam Chemistry Semester 2 Final Exam

Chemistry Semester 2 Final Exam
Balance the following equations:
NaOH (aq) + H3PO4 (aq) → Na3PO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
Al + Fe2O3→Al2O3 + Fe
What do these symbols mean in a chemical equation: s, l, g, aq
Pb(NO2)2 + H2S→PbS + HNO2
Molar Mass:
Substance
Formula
Molar Mass
Mass of given sample
bromine
Br2
40.0 g
carbon dioxide
CO2
17.6 g
sucrose
C12H22O11
684.0 g
hydrogen peroxide
H2O2
510.0 g
Number of moles
Number of molecules
Find the volume in liters of 60.0 g of NO₂ at STP. Calculate the volume in liters of 3.24x10^22 molecules. How many
atoms in 6.8 L N₂O gas at STP?
Stoichiometry:
1.) When sodium azide is activated in an automobile airbag, nitrogen gas and sodium are produced: 2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s)
+ 3N2(g)
If 0.500 mol of NaN3 react, what mass in grams of nitrogen would result?
2.) What mass in grams of SO2 is needed to react completely with 1200. grams of O2 ? 2SO2(g) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l) →
2H2SO4(l)
3.) What mass of carbon (with excess water) is required to produce 1.00 mol CH4 in the following? 2C(s) + 2H2O(l) →
CH4(g) +CO2(g)
4.) Calculate the number of moles of sodium oxide, Na2O, that will be produced when 5.00 moles of solid sodium
completely react with oxygen gas.
5.) Using this reaction: 4 NH₃ + 7 O₂ ---> 4 NO₂ + 6 H₂O
a) What mass of NO2 can be produced from 3.56 x 1022 molecules of oxygen?
b) 13.8 g of NH3 would be able to produce how many moles of H2O?
c) How many grams of O2 are needed to produce 15.5 g of H2O?
6.) What volume of sulfur dioxide gas is needed to produce 11.4 L of water vapor? SO₂ + 2H₂S  3S + 2H₂O
Recognize and classify types of reactions
What is STP? What is gas pressure? What causes it?
What are Kelvins? Why is it used? What happens at 0K? Convert Celsius to Kelvins.
How are pressure, temperature, and volume related? Explain the Kinetic Molecular Theory.
Use the Combined Gas Law and Ideal Gas Law to solve:
P₁V₁ = P₂ V₂
pV=nRT
T₁
T₂
1.) A gas has a pressure of 10.56 atm at 25 degrees Celcius. If gas is heated to 40 degrees C, what will the new pressure
be?
2.) A 350 mL air sample collected at 35 C has a pressure of 550. torr. What pressure will the air exert if it is allowed to
expand to 425 mL at 57 C?
3.) How many moles of a gas at 104 oC would occupy a volume of 6.9 L at 0.355 atm?
What are the properties of Acids and Bases? How do Arrhenius vs. Bronsted-Lowry define acids and bases?
What characterizes a strong acid/base? Where are acids/bases on the pH scale? Find pH from the [H⁺] or [OH⁻].
Define solution, solvent, solute, solubility. What factors affect solubility? How are gases different?
What makes water unique? Shape, type of molecule, intermolecular forces, etc. Explain “Like Dissolves Like”
What are electrolytes? What types of substances are electrolytes?
How much substance can be dissolved in 150 g water if its solubility is 30g/100 g H₂O?
Chemistry Semester 2 Final Exam
What is the molarity of a soln that has 5 moles of solute in 2 liters soln? M=mol/volume
What are the moles of solute in 300mL of a 0.5M soln?
Describe Endothermic and Exothermic processes (include bond formation). Describe how energy flows.
Sketch a phase change diagram. What happens to temperature during a phase change?
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 300.0 g of aluminum by 25°C? (C=0.88 J/gC) Q=mCΔT
What is the specific heat if 3000 cal are required to raise 400g by 20°C?
Explain relationship between a system and its surroundings. What happens at equilibrium?
What factors affect the reaction rate? How does a catalyst work?
Explain Le Chatelier’s Principle. Complete the chart for the following reaction: 9 KJ + 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) < -- > 2 SO3(g)
Disturbance
affect on SO₂
affect on O₂
affect on SO₃
Decrease SO₂
Increase O₂
Increase SO₃
Increase Pressure
Decrease Temp
What is entropy? What are the characteristic of a system with high entropy? Low entropy?
Organic Chem: Practice naming and drawing structures, review worksheets
Complete Charts:
Prefix
1
2
Sketch
Name
Ending
Numbered?
alkane
alkene
3
4
alkyne
5
side chain/
baby group
Aldehyde
6
7
8
Ketone
9
Alcohol
10
Ether
Ester
Draw the following:
1. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
4-ethyl, 4-propyl decane
3-methyl, 3 ethyl heptane
2-butene
2,2,3-trimethyl pentane
4-methyl, 2-pentene
3-ethyl heptane
2-butene
3-hexanone
3-methyl octanal
4-ethyl, 2-nonanone
3,5 diethyl octanal
Dipropyl ether
Acid
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
3-hexanol
4-octanol
2,2- dimethyl, 3-heptene
6-methyl, 2,5 –nonadiene
2-methyl pentanoic acid
Pentyl hexanoate
Methyl propanoate
1,3 butadiene
22. Dimethyl ether
Chemistry Semester 2 Final Exam
Balance the following equations:
NaOH (aq) + H3PO4 (aq) → Na3PO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
Al + Fe2O3→Al2O3 + Fe
What do these symbols mean in a chemical equation: s, l, g, aq
Pb(NO2)2 + H2S→PbS + HNO2
Molar Mass:
Substance
Formula
Molar Mass
Mass of given sample
Number of moles
Number of molecules
bromine
Br2
159.8
40.0 g
0.250
1.51 E 23
carbon dioxide
CO2
44.01
17.6 g
0.400
2.41 E
sucrose
C12H22O11
342.34
684.0 g
1.99
1.2 E
hydrogen peroxide
H2O2
34.02
510.0 g
15.0
9.02 E
Find the volume in liters of 60.0 g of NO₂ at STP. 29.3 Calculate the volume in liters of 3.24x10^22 molecules. 1.26 L
How many atoms in 6.8 L N₂O gas at STP? 1.83 E23
Stoichiometry:
1.) When sodium azide is activated in an automobile airbag, nitrogen gas and sodium are produced: 2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s)
+ 3N2(g)
If 0.500 mol of NaN3 react, what mass in grams of nitrogen would result? 21.0 g
2.) What mass in grams of SO2 is needed to react completely with 1200. grams of O2 ? 2SO2(g) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l) →
2H2SO4(l) 4805 g
3.) What mass of carbon (with excess water) is required to produce 1.00 mol CH4 in the following? 2C(s) + 2H2O(l) →
CH4(g) +CO2(g) 24.02 g
4.) Calculate the number of moles of sodium oxide, Na2O, that will be produced when 5.00 moles of solid sodium
completely react with oxygen gas. 2.5 mol
5.) Using this reaction: 4 NH₃ + 7 O₂ ---> 4 NO₂ + 6 H₂O
a) What mass of NO2 can be produced from 3.56 x 1022 molecules of oxygen?
b) 13.8 g of NH3 would be able to produce how many moles of H2O? 1.21 mol
c) How many grams of O2 are needed to produce 15.5 g of H2O? 32.1 g
6.) What volume of sulfur dioxide gas is needed to produce 11.4 L of water vapor? SO₂ + 2H₂S  3S + 2H₂O 5.7 L
Recognize and classify types of reactions
What is STP? What is gas pressure? What causes it?
What are Kelvins? Why is it used? What happens at 0K? Convert Celsius to Kelvins.
How are pressure, temperature, and volume related? Explain the Kinetic Molecular Theory.
Use the Combined Gas Law and Ideal Gas Law to solve:
P₁V₁ = P₂ V₂
pV=nRT
T₁
T₂
1.) A gas has a pressure of 10.56 atm at 25 degrees Celcius. If gas is heated to 40 degrees C, what will the new pressure
be? 10.0 atm
2.) A 350 mL air sample collected at 35 C has a pressure of 550. torr. What pressure will the air exert if it is allowed to
expand to 425 mL at 57 C? 485 torr
3.) How many moles of a gas at 104 oC would occupy a volume of 6.9 L at 0.355 atm? 0.0791 mol
What are the properties of Acids and Bases? How do Arrhenius vs. Bronsted-Lowry define acids and bases?
What characterizes a strong acid/base? Where are acids/bases on the pH scale? Find pH from the [H⁺] or [OH⁻].
Define solution, solvent, solute, solubility. What factors affect solubility? How are gases different?
What makes water unique? Shape, type of molecule, intermolecular forces, etc. Explain “Like Dissolves Like”
What are electrolytes? What types of substances are electrolytes?
How much substance can be dissolved in 150 g water if its solubility is 30g/100 g H₂O? 45 g
Chemistry Semester 2 Final Exam
What is the molarity of a soln that has 5 moles of solute in 2 liters soln? M=mol/volume 2.5 M
What are the moles of solute in 300mL of a 0.5M soln? 0.15 mol
Describe Endothermic and Exothermic processes (include bond formation). Describe how energy flows.
Sketch a phase change diagram. What happens to temperature during a phase change?
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 300.0 g of aluminum by 25°C? (C=0.88 J/gC) Q=mCΔT 6600 J
What is the specific heat if 3000 cal are required to raise 400g by 20°C? 0.375 J/gC
Explain relationship between a system and its surroundings. What happens at equilibrium?
What factors affect the reaction rate? How does a catalyst work?
Explain Le Chatelier’s Principle. Complete the chart for the following reaction: 9 KJ + 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) < -- > 2 SO3(g)
Disturbance
affect on SO₂
affect on O₂
affect on SO₃
Up
Up
Down
Decrease SO₂
D
D
U
Increase O₂
U
U
D
Increase SO₃
Increase Pressure
D
D
U
Decrease Temp
u
U
D
What is entropy? What are the characteristic of a system with high entropy? Low entropy?
Organic Chem: Practice naming and drawing structures, review worksheets
Complete Charts:
Prefix
1
2
Sketch
Name
alkane
alkene
3
4
alkyne
5
side chain/
baby group
Aldehyde
6
7
8
Ketone
9
Alcohol
10
Ether
Ester
Draw the following:
1. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
4-ethyl, 4-propyl decane
3-methyl, 3 ethyl heptane
2-butene
2,2,3-trimethyl pentane
4-methyl, 2-pentene
3-ethyl heptane
2-butene
3-hexanone
3-methyl octanal
4-ethyl, 2-nonanone
3,5 diethyl octanal
Dipropyl ether
14. 3-hexanol
Acid
Ending
Numbered?