Download Intelligent agents (TME285) Lecture 11, 20170222

Intelligent agents (TME285)
Lecture 11, 20170222
Applications and examples of IPAs
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Today’s learning goals
• After this lecture you should be able to
– Describe the Turing test
– Describe a few different IPAs
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Nomenclature
• Many different names are used for agents similar to the
interactive partner agents introduced in this course.
• Examples:
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Interactive virtual agents
Intelligent personal assistants
Chatbots
Conversational agents
• As before, I will use the abbreviation IPA, which includes
all of the above.
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Application areas
• As IPAs are intended (eventually) to be able to handle
conversation on the same level as a human, there is of
course a very large set of possible applications.
• Here, only a few examples will be given.
• Do check the various references given below: Relevant
information for your group projects, for example!
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
A bit of history
• One of the first IPAs was ELIZA (1966), followed by PARRY
(1972).
• A more recent example is A.L.I.C.E. (or AliceBot), see
http://www.alicebot.org/
• AliceBot uses the Artificial Intelligence Markup Language
(AIML), which is also used in many other IPAs.
• A more recent example is Mitsuku
(http://www.mitsuku.com/)
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
The Loebner prize
• An annual competition, in which IPAs are tested. The
winner is the IPA that is considered most human-like (in
its conversational abilities).
• Both AliceBot and Mitsuku has won the prize (several
times).
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
The Turing test
• Of course, the ultimate goal for IPAs is to pass the Turing
test, which requires behavior indistinguishable from
human behavior:
• So far, no IPA has passed the test.
• A review can be found here.
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Today’s learning goals
• After this lecture you should be able to
– Describe the Turing test
– Describe a few different IPAs
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Personal assistants
• Many such assistants have been released in the last few
years, e.g.
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SIRI (iPhone)
Cortana (Windows 10)
Alexa (Amazon)
Evi (Android)
• If you haven’t tried any of them download (where
necessary) and test!
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Healthcare applications
• Application 1: To provide information about medication
etc.
• General references
– Kumar et al. Sanative Chatbot for health seekers (available
here).
– Rizzo et al. An intelligent virtual human system for providing
healthcare information and support (available here).
– Foster et al. A survey of agent-based intelligent decision
support systems to support clinical management and
research (available here).
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Healthcare applications
• Application 2: To help training medical students and
doctors.
• General references
– Danforth et al. Development of virtual patient simulations
for medical education (available here).
– Kazi et al. MedChatBot: An UMLS based Chatbot for medical
students (available here).
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Education-related applications
• Application: Helping students by acting as a tutoring
system.
• General references:
– Kerly, A. et al., Bringing chatbots into education: Towards
natural language negotiation of open learner model
(available here).
– Heller, B. et al. Freudbot: An investigation of Chatbot
technology in distance education (available here).
– Jia, J. The study of the application of a keywords-based
Chatbot system on the teaching of foreign languages
(available here).
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Library assistants
• Application: Answering simple queries from (and chatting
with) library visitors.
• Example: Pixel (University of Nebraska)
• General reference: Allison, D. “Chatbots in the library: Is
it time? (available here).
• You can try the chatbot at http://pixel.unl.edu/
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Library assistants
• Data stored as so called AIML (artificial intelligence
markup language) files, with patterns in different
categories (see http://www.alicebot.org/aiml.html)
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Museum guides
• Application: Interacting with visitors in a museum
• Example: Max, at the Heinz Nixdorf museum in
Paderborn, Germany
• General reference: Pfeiffer, T. et al., Living with a virtual
agents: Seven years with an embodied conversational
agent at the Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum, available
here.
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Museum guides
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Hotel website assistants
• Application: Carrying out conversations with visitors to a
hotel website (handling reservations etc.)
• Example, see Lasek, M. and Jessa, S. Chatbots for
customer service on hotels’ websites (available here).
• Chatbot built on data from over 4000 conversations from
five hotel websites.
• Speech synthesis found to be important for the user
experience.
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Miscellaneous topics
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Conversation between chatbots.
Chatbots with sarcasm and a sense of humor.
Interactive art.
Copying facial movements from one person to another.
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Chatbots conversing with each other!
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Chatbots with sarcasm and humor
• SarcasmBot:
– Joshi et al. SarcasmBot: An open-source sarcasmgeneration module for chatbots (available here).
• EHeBby:
– Augello et al. An emotional talking head for a humoristic
robot (available here).
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Interactive art
• General reference: Cleland, K. Talk to me: Getting
personal with interactive art (available here).
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Copying facial movements
• Recent work: Using the facial movements of one person
to animate an artifical head of another person:
https://youtu.be/ladqJQLR2bA
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde
Today’s learning goals
• After this lecture you should be able to
– Describe the Turing test
– Describe a few different IPAs
Mattias Wahde, PhD, Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
e-mail: [email protected], http://www.me.chalmers.se/~mwahde