Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Peppered Moth Evolution __________________________ Ramshaw – Biology _____________ Name Hr. ______ Date Borrowed and modified a bit from: http://galileoweb.org/oconnorh/2010/10/15/biology-lesson-peppered-moths/ THANKS! Peppered Moths The table below represents data from a 10-year study of two varieties of the same species of peppered moths. The numbers represent moths captured in traps for 10 consecutive years. The traps were located in the same area each year. Year Number of Light Number of Dark Moths Captured Moths Captured 1 2 3 4 572 537 484 392 84 112 198 210 5 246 281 6 225 357 7 193 412 8 147 503 9 10 84 56 594 638 Create a DOUBLE LINE GRAPH Use 2 different colors for the right to identify your titles AND numbers!). Make using the above data on the graph below. the 2 different lines. Complete the key on lines. Label the X axis and Y axis (with sure you also title your graph! _____________________________________ Key to line color: = Light Moths = Dark Moths Questions: Use the textbook, the internet, and your noggin to answer the following: 1. 2. What preys (eats) the peppered moth? If the bark of trees is dark and the moth that rests there is lightcolored, what will happen to the moth? 3. What is a mutation? 4. What could have caused the first dark-colored moth to occur? 5. What caused the tree trunks of many trees in England to turn from a light color to a dark color? 6. Which variety of moth increased over the 10-year period? 7. What is the name of this type of evolutionary change? 8. Using the data on the graph, draw a conclusion concerning the population of peppered moths in the sampled area of England. (“The number of dark moths may have increased, because…; the number of light moths may have decreased, because…”) ONLINE: Go to http://www.millerandlevine.com/km/evol/Moths/moths.html 9. According to the web site, what is the conclusion that many scientists “jumped to” about the carbonaria form of the moth. 10. How has the countryside improved in recent years and why? 11. In recent years, what has happened to the carbonaria form (increased or decreased in number)? 12. Did Michael E.N. Majerus consider Kettlewell’s experiments to be correct or incorrect? 13. Describe 3 criticisms that Majerus had of Kettewell’s experiments. (Hint: they have to do with where Kettlewell placed moths, how birds see ultraviolet, and migration of moths). 14. Is the story of the peppered moth “faked” or “incorrect”? 15. What should be done to be absolutely certain of exactly how natural selection produced the rise and fall of the carbonaria form? 16. So, Kettlewell’s experiments were not wrong, but they were I N C __ __ P L __ __ __. 17. Is the rise and fall of dark-colored moths (industrial melanism) an example of natural selection? Why or why not? The following questions are extra credit. You can choose to answer all, some, one, or none. You can earn up to 3 points extra credit per answer. 18. Does natural selection act on the genotype or phenotype of an organism? Explain. (Hint: let’s say a plant can get more sun if it’s taller. Does natural selection happen because of the genes – genotype – of the plant or because of the height – phenotype – of the plant?) 19. Usually lethal alleles (like s for sickle cell anemia) disappear over many generations. Explain why these potentially lethal alleles are carried in a heterozygote (like Ss) and therefore maintained in a population. 20. What is the advantage of having variation within a species? 21. Describe three examples of natural selection that we have not talked about in class. 1. 2. 3. 22. Describe the effects of genetic drift on the diversity of organisms in a population (use the textbook or the internet to answer this). 23. How does reproductive or geographic isolation affect speciation? the textbook or the internet to answer this). (use