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Module 2 Note Taking Guide Lesson 2.01: Potential and Kinetic Energy Lesson Page: There are two basic types of energy, ________________ and ________________. Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the energy of _______________. Any object that is moving has kinetic energy. The faster an object travels, the ___________ kinetic energy it has. Examples of kinetic energy: throwing a baseball or jogging. Potential Energy Potential energy is also referred to as _____________ energy. It is more formally called the energy of __________________. Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy when an object has a _________ acting upon it. Objects that are higher off the ground have __________ potential energy. Example of potential energy: the energy stored in chemicals and atoms. This type of potential energy can be seen in a nuclear __________ ___________. Assignment Due: There is nothing to turn into your teacher for this lesson. Lesson 2.02: Law of Conservation of Energy Lesson Page: When you are holding a rubber band in your hand, not stretching it yet, what type of energy is stored in your body? (circle one) POTENTIAL or KINETIC During the act of stretching the rubber band back, what type of energy are you using? (circle one) POTENTIAL or KINETIC While holding the stretched rubber band back, and holding it still, what type of energy is stored in the rubber band? (circle one) POTENTIAL or KINETIC Once you let go of the rubber band, it will fly through the air. What type of energy does the rubber band have while it is moving? (circle one) POTENTIAL or KINETIC Energy Transformations Ice cream to bike - When eaten, the chemical energy in the ice cream cone transforms into ___________________ energy for riding the bike. Plug to stove - Electrical energy from the plug transforms into ________________ energy in the stove when it is heated. Sun to tree - Radiant energy from the sun transforms into _________________ energy in the tree when it produces food. Atom to laptop - Nuclear energy in the atom transforms into _________________ energy to run the laptop. Battery to mp3 player - Chemical energy in the battery transforms into _________ energy when listening to the mp3 Player. Assignment Due: For this lesson you will create two of your own original examples of how energy flows and is transformed from one type to another. Lesson 2.03: Energy Conversion Activity Lesson Page: The Law of Conservation of Energy says that energy cannot be created nor ___________________, but it can be transformed from one form to another. In other words, all of the energy available at the start of a transformation still exists in some form of energy after the change is complete. Energy isn’t just created out of nowhere, and doesn’t disappear! It is just “recycled” in a way. The Law of Conservation of Energy Demonstrated in a Roller Coaster: 1. Electric energy from a motor is converted into _______________________ energy as the chain pulls the roller coaster up the first hill. The higher the roller coaster goes, the higher potential energy is. 2. As the roller coaster travels down the hill, potential energy is converted into mechanical __________________ energy. 3. As the roller coaster travels across the track, some of the kinetic energy is converted into ___________ because of the friction between the coaster and the track. Assignment Due: Multiple Choice Quiz Lesson 2.04: Heat Transfer Lesson Page: Heat is also called ____________________ energy. Thermal energy looks for all things to be fair. This means that thermal energy moves from an area with a higher amount of thermal energy to an area where there is less thermal energy. We call this process _________ ______________. Three Ways Heat Can Be Transferred: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Conduction Convection Radiation Definition: When two objects ____________ each other Definition: When heat moves through the air or a ______________ Definition: When heat moves through ____________________ waves (light) Explanation: When two objects touch, heat is always transferred from the __________ object to the __________ object. Explanation: Only happens in liquids and gasses; causes circulation and movement of the ____________________ Explanation: Heat is transferred through ______________ or electromagnetic waves, not by touch or fluids. Examples: Cooking on a grill; touching a hot piece of metal Examples: Boiling water in a pot; currents in the ocean Examples: The sun gives you a sunburn; using an electric heater Assignment Due: Multiple Choice Quiz Lesson 2.05: Heat Transfer: Conduction Lab Lesson Page: We have already learned that solids conduct heat better than liquids or gases; however, not all solids are as good at conducting ____________. A substance that is good at conducting heat is called a ____________________. Examples: metals like steel, aluminum, and copper A substance that is not good at conducting heat is called an _________________. Examples: wood, Styrofoam, cloth, plastic, oven mitts Assignment Due: Download and complete the 2.05 Heat Transfer: Conduction Lab, which can be found by clicking the link on the Lesson Page. Lesson 2.06: Nonrenewable Energy Lesson Page: Energy is very important in our lives! Every day, we use the Law of Conservation of Energy. We constantly convert potential energy into ______________ energy. Some examples: Using potential energy stored in gas to heat our homes, using potential energy stored in coal to get electricity, and using potential energy stored in _______________ when we drive our cars. Nonrenewable Energy Nonrenewable energy is energy that eventually __________ _________. Three examples of nonrenewable energy sources are: __________ ____________ ____________________ ________ Fossil Fuels Oil, coal, and natural gas are called fossil fuels! Fossil fuels are made from dead plants and animals that were buried in the ground _________________ of years ago. Unfortunately, humans are using up fossil fuels faster than they are re-forming. One major problem with fossil fuels is that they produce ____________________. Assignment Due: There is nothing to turn into your teacher for this assignment. Lesson 2.07: Renewable Energy Lesson Page: Renewable energy is energy that ___________ ___________ ___________. We can use renewable energy over and over again! Types of Renewable Resources Wind – the kinetic energy in wind can be captured when it blows through a _________ _______________. Then it can be used to make electricity. Geyser – heat from within the Earth can be captured and used to make ________________________. Hydrologic Dam – Dams can be placed on ____________. When the river flows through the dam, the kinetic energy of the water can be used to make electricity. Trees – Trees are a renewable resource as long as they are not used ___________ than they can be replaced. Trees can be burned and used for electricity or heat. Solar Panels – the energy in _____________ can be captured with a solar panel. This energy can be used to heat water or even power a ______________! Why Don’t We Use More Renewable Energy? Renewable energy is more ___________________ than nonrenewable energy. Renewable energy sources are only found in specific _________________. Assignment Due: Venn Diagram for Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy Lesson 2.08: Collaborative Project Lesson Page: Conservation means that we use energy _____________. We don’t ___________. We can conserve resources by not wasting ______________, using energy saving devices, finding ways to reduce dependence on _____________________ energy, and developing new forms of energy. Making Plans to Save Energy To save energy, you could make a ______________ plan by getting together with your brothers or sisters and the rest of your family. You could also come up with a plan for your state, nation, or the ____________. You can contact your ______________ and get them involved. You can come up with a group plan. You can make a _______________ plan of how you will conserve energy. You could make a ____________ plan for your town, neighborhood, or city. Assignment Due: Family Collaborative Project. There are two options for you to choose from.