Download The Civil War

The Civil War
Chapter 4, Section 2
War Begins


April 12 1861
Jefferson Davis orders
an attack on Fort
Sumter.
After Fort Sumter
Lincoln called for
75,000 volunteers to
serve for 90 days.
Goals for the North and South



Union wanted to keep
the border states.
Lincoln avoided
making slavery a
central issue.
Save the Union!

Confederacy wanted
to be left alone.
Tactics and Technology

Weapons are now
more deadly.


Exploding shells,
flamethrowers, machine
guns.
Hot air balloons were
used to observe the
enemy

Led to camouflage.
The Battle at Bull Run

Union solders
panicked and
retreated.

Forces Engaged


Total Estimated Casualties


Total: 60,680
4,878
Result

Confederate Victory
The First Battle at Bull Run
The Battle of Shiloh

Gen. Grant wanted to
split the Confederacy
in half.

Forces Engaged
 Total: 110,053
Total Estimated
Casualties
 23,746
Result
 Union Victory


Battle of Shiloh
Second Battle of Bull Run



Gen. Lee attacked
Union troops waiting
for reinforcements.
Confederacy won,
killing thousands of
union troops.
Gave rise to peace
movement in the
North.
Battle of Antietam


Lee’s Army goes into Maryland
to attack McClellan’s forces.
Forces Engaged


Total Estimated Casualties


22,717
Result


Total: 131,000
Inconclusive
9/17/1862 was the bloodiest
day of the Civil War
Battle of Antietam
Emancipation Proclamation

Given by Lincoln on Jan 1, 1868


"that all persons held as slaves" within the
rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be
free."
This encouraged African Americans to fight with
the Union

Liberated became the liberators.
Battle of Fredericksburg


Civil War’s first urban combat.
Forces Engaged


Total Estimated Casualties


Total: 172,504
17,929
Result

Confederate Victory
Chancellorsville



Hooker hoped to attack Lee from behind.
Lee ordered a surprise attack.
Forces Engaged


Total Estimated Casualties


Total: 154,734
30,764
Result

Confederate Victory
Gettysburg


Lee invaded the North.
After 2 days Lee ordered 15,000 troops to attack
the center. (known as Pickett’s Charge)


Forces Engaged


Total: 165,620
Total Estimated Casualties


Less than half returned.
51,112
Result

Union Victory
Map of Gettysburg
Vicksburg


Grant was attacking Vicksburg, a
Confederate stronghold.
Forces Engaged


Total Estimated Casualties


Total: 110,000
37,402
Result

Union Victory
http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/vicksburg/maps/vicksburg-animatedmap.html
General Sherman


Was in charge of the Western Front.
Led the invasion of Georgia and the
eventual siege in Atlanta.
Sherman’s March to the Sea



From Nov. 15- December 21 1864
His forces destroyed military targets as well as
industry, infrastructure, and civilian property and
disrupted the South's economy and its
transportation networks.
“I beg to present you as a Christmas gift the City
of Savannah, with one hundred and fifty guns and
plenty of ammunition, also about twenty-five
thousand bales of cotton." On December 26,
Sherman’s Scorched Earth Policy



Atlanta was burned to the ground.
Army burned plantations “Sherman
sentinels” and destroyed railroads
“Sherman Neckties”
Total damage was $1.4 billion in 2013
dollars
Election of 1864

After Sherman destroyed Atlanta, Lincoln
easily won the election.


Passed the 13th Amendment which ended
slavery.
Wanted to forgive the South

“With malice toward none, with charity for all…let
us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind
the nation’s wounds.”