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URINARY TRACT INFECTION (UTI) Prevention is better than cure. Here are some tips to help prevent UTI: ! Drink plenty of fluid to flush the bacteria out. ! Urinate when one feels the urge. Bacteria can grow and multiply when urine accumulates in the bladder for too long. ! ! Urination shortly after intercourse can flush away bacteria that might have entered your urinary tract during intercourse. Wipe with tissue from front to back after using toilet, expecially after a bowel movement. ! Wear cotton underwear and loose-fitting clothes. Avoid tight-fitting pants and nylon underwear which can trap moisture. ! Consider modifying your contraceptive method if it is cause of the UTI. ! Not every individual will experience the exact same symptoms when they have UTI. The treatment used may vary from one patient to another depending on the type of UTI. The allergy status. Their medical conditions and the medications that they are taking on a long term basis, if they have any. Therefore, do discuss with your healthcare professional if you experience any discomfort that could be due to UTI. Home Blood Collection Facility Available Lansdowne : 9836056900 Behala : 9830328400 Log on to www.pulsediagnostics.com to see your reports online [email protected] Understanding Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Stages of urinary tract infection Acute Kidney Injury Bacteria continues to cascade up to the kidney, leading to acute kidney injury KIDNEYS Infection of the renal parenchyma an inflammatory response Pyelonephritis causes called pylonephriters. Ascension Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) refers to the infection in any part of the urinary tract. ! ! ! Bacteria ascends towards the kidneys via the ureters. Uroepithelium Penetration Colonization URETERS BLADER Pathogen colonizes the urethra and ascends towards the blader. URETHRA Lower UTI : Includes infection in the bladder (Crystitis) in the urethra (Ureghristis) or in the prostate glands for males (Prostatitis). Lower UTI : refers to infection in the kidneys (pyelonephritis) UTI can also be categorized into uncomplicated and complicated UTI. Complicated UTI is related to conditions that can increase the risk for complications or treatment failure of UTI. e.g. structural abnormalities (kidney stones, enlargement of prostate gland), pregnancy, diabetes mellitus and UTI in men. On the other hand, uncomplicated UTI is simpler in which the patient is otherwise healthy and with no other complications. UTI is caused by micro-organisms like bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacteria are the most common culprit of the disease. Lower UTI : Frequent urge to urinate, experience difficulty and pain during urination, small volume of urine being passed out, cloudy or bloody urine, or foul smell of the urine. Upper UTI : Fever, pain in the back and areas below ribs, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, rigors or chills together are the symptoms of lower UTI. Antibiotic are the main treatment for both uncomplicated and complicated UTI. For pain and fever painkillers such as paracetamal, nonsterodol anti-inflammantary drugs or a urinary analgesic can be used for symptomatic relief. The urinary alkalinizer is commonly used to relieve the discomfort associated with UTI.