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Vitamin B2 （Riboflavin）
and flavin nucleotide
组员：金圣塔，宋罕，蔡增增
主讲：金圣塔
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1掌握Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)的相关化学
结构与化学性质
2了解Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)与生活人生
活相关的知识
3了解黄素辅酶(flavin nucleotide)
Vitamin B2 （ Riboflavin）
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Overview
Structure and chemistry
character
Dietary Sources
Uses（Possible Interactions）
Supporting Research
[email protected]
Overview
• Vitamin B2, commonly called riboflavin, is one of
eight water-soluble B vitamins. Like its close
relative vitamin B1 (thiamine), riboflavin plays a
crucial role in certain metabolic reactions,
particularly the conversion of carbohydrates （碳
水化合物）into sugar, which is "burned" to produce
energy. Together, the eight B vitamins, often
referred to as B complex vitamins, are also
essential in the breakdown of fats and protein. In
addition, B complex vitamins play an important role
in maintaining muscle tone along the lining of the
digestive tract and promoting the health of the
nervous system, skin, hair, eyes, mouth, and liver.
Symptoms of riboflavin deficiency ：
fatigue（疲劳）; slowed growth（发育减
缓）; digestive problems（食欲不振）;
cracks and sores around the corners of
the mouth; swollen magenta tongue; eye
fatigue; soreness of the lips, mouth and
tongue（口炎）; and sensitivity to light
（对光敏感）. Riboflavin is an important
nutrient in the prevention of headache and
some visual disturbances, particularly
cataracts（白内障）.
化学结构式
FAD与FMN—体内核黄素的存在形式
氧化型
半醌型
还原型
入max=450nm
入max=570nm
（无色）
（黄色）
(蓝色)
黄素辅酶的三种不同氧化还原形式
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FAD 和FMN的氧化还原态
FMN，FAD广泛参与体内的各种氧化还原、
反应，因此维生素B2能促进糖、脂肪和蛋
白质的代谢，对维护皮肤、粘膜和视觉的
正常机能均有一定的作用。
膳食中长期缺乏维生素B2，眼角膜和口角血
管增生，引起白内障、眼角膜炎、舌炎和
阴囊炎等。
The best sources of riboflavin include brewer‘s yeast（啤
酒发酵粉）, almonds（杏仁）, organ meats（动物器
官）, whole grains（鳝鱼）, wheat germ（麦菌）, wild
rice（野生大米）, mushrooms（蘑菇）, soybeans
（大豆）, milk（牛奶）, yogurt（酸奶酪）, eggs
（蛋）, broccoli（椰菜）, brussel sprouts, and spinach
（菠菜）. Flours and cereals（谷类） are often fortified
with riboflavin.
Absorption of Vitamin B2 is best when it is taken
with meals.
Children and adult daily standard Vitamin B2 recommended dietary
allowance
(成人与儿童日推荐Vitamin B2摄入量)
Children
• Infants birth to 6 months: 0.3 mg (adequate intake)
• Infants 7 to 12 months: 0.4 mg (adequate intake)
• Children 1 to 3 years: 0.5 mg (RDA)
• Children 4 to 8 years: 0.6 mg (RDA)
• Children 9 to 13 years: 0.9 mg (RDA)
• Males 14 to 18 years: 1.3 mg (RDA)
• Females 14 to 18 years: 1 mg (RDA)
Adult
• Males 19 years and older: 1.3 mg (RDA)
• Females 19 years and older: 1.1 mg (RDA)
• Pregnant females: 1.4 mg (RDA)
• Breastfeeding females: 1.6 mg (RDA)
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Supporting Research
Supporting Research
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If you are currently being treated with any of
the following medications, you should not use
vitamin B2 supplements without first talking
to your healthcare provider.
• Antibiotics, Tetracycline（四环素）
Riboflavin should not be taken at the same time as
the antibiotic tetracycline because it interferes
with the absorption and effectiveness of this
medication. Riboflavin either alone or in
combination with other B vitamins should be taken
at different times from tetracycline. (All vitamin B
complex supplements act in this way and should
therefore be taken at different times from
tetracycline.)
In addition, long-term use of antibiotics can deplete
vitamin B levels in the body, particularly B2, B9, B12,
and vitamin H (biotin), which is considered part of
the B complex.
• Antidepressant Medications（抗抑郁药物）
Tricyclic(三环的) antidepressants (such as
imipramine（丙咪嗪）, desimpramine,
amitriptyline（阿密曲替林）, and nortriptyline
（去甲替林） also reduce levels of riboflavin
in the body. Taking riboflavin may improve
levels of the vitamin and improve the
effectiveness of these antidepressants,
especially in elderly patients.
• Anti-malarial Medications（抗疟疾药物）
Riboflavin may reduce the effectiveness of
anti-malarial medications such as chloroquine
and mefloquine.
• Antipsychotic Medications（安定药物）
Antipsychotic medications called phenothiazines
(such as chlorpromazine) may lower riboflavin
levels.
• Birth Control Medications
Poor dietary habits in combination with birth
control medications can interfere with the
body's ability to use riboflavin.
• Doxorubicin（阿霉素—一种抗肿瘤药物）
In the presence of daylight, riboflavin may deactivate
doxorubicin, a medication used for the treatment of
certain cancers. In addition, doxorubicin may deplete
levels of riboflavin and, therefore, increased amounts of
this nutrient may be recommended during chemotherapy
（化学疗法）using this drug. Your doctor will guide you on
whether this is necessary or not.
• Methotrexate（氨甲叶酸—抗肿瘤药物）
Methotrexate, a medication used to treat cancer, can
prevent the body from making riboflavin (as well as other
essential vitamins).
• Phenytoin（苯妥英—抗惊厥药物）
Phenytoin, a medication used to control epileptic seizures,
may affect riboflavin levels in children.
Probenecid（丙磺舒）
• This medication used for gout may decrease the absorption of
riboflavin from the digestive tract and increase the excretion
in the urine.
Selegiline
• Similar to its effects on doxorubicin, riboflavin may
deactivate selegiline, a medication used to treat Parkinson's
disease, in the presence of daylight.
Sulfa-containing Medications
• Riboflavin may reduce the effectiveness of sulfa-containing
medications, such as certain antibiotics (for example,
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) used to treat bacterial
infections.
In addition, as stated earlier, long-term use of antibiotics can
deplete vitamin B levels in the body, particularly B2, B9, B12,
and vitamin H (biotin), which is considered part of the B
complex.
Thiazide Diuretics（利尿药物）
• Diuretics that belong to a class known as thiazides, such as
hydrochlorothiazide, may increase the loss of riboflavin in the
urine.
维生素B2又称核黄素（riboflavin），是一种核
糖醇与6，7—二甲基异咯嗪的缩合物，在自然界
多与蛋白质结合成黄素蛋白。维生素B2广泛存在
于生物体中。
维生素B2为橙黄色结晶性粉末；微臭，味微苦；
在酸性溶液中稳定，耐热，易被碱或光所破坏。难
溶于水，微溶于酒精、氯仿或乙醚；在稀氢氧化碱
中溶解。
维生素B2的生理功能是作为递氢辅酶，
参与生物氧化作用。