Download Respiratory Lecture

RespiratorySystemNotes
•  Whilewatchingthefollowingvideo,takes
notesonthedifferentstructuresofthe
respiratorysystemonyourdiagram
worksheet.
VideoClip
Coverings:
ParietalPleura:innerlining
VisceralPleura:outerlining
PleuralCavity:Space
betweenthetwo-purpose?
TheDiaphragm-
•  FuncFon:muscleofrespiraFon
•  LocaFon:separatesabdominal
cavityandthoraciccavity.
•  Triggeredby:PhrenicNerve
•  InspiraFon:Pressureinlungsis
decreasedandaircomesin.
•  ExpiraFon:Pressureinlungsis
increasedandairpushesout.
Diaphragmappearsdome
shaped.
Pathology-Upperrespiratorydisorders
Ø *Croup-AcuteviralinfecFon
ofinfantswithobstrucFonof
thelarynx,accompaniedby
barkingcoughandstridor.
Causedbyfluorrespiratory
syncyFalvirus.
Ø *Epistaxis-nosebleed,usually
associatedwithirritaFonof
nasalmucousmembranes,
trauma,vitKdeficiency,
cloRngabnormaliFes,
hypertensionorblood
thinningmeds.
Ø Diphtheria-InflammaFon,
opaquemembraneformsin
larynxandtrachea.Caused
bybacterialinfecFon.DPT
vaccineavailable.
Ø *Pertussis-Whoopingcough,
highlycontagiousbacterial
infecFonofpharynx,larynx,
andtrachea.Violent,sudden
spasmsofcoughingthatends
inaloud“whooping”sound.
Bronchialtubedisorders
Ø *Asthma-Chronicbronchialinflammatorydisorderwith
airwayobstrucFonduetobrachialedemaandconstrucFon
andincreasedmucusproducFon.
Ø *Bronchiectasis-chronicdilaFonofbronchus,secondary
infecFon.CausedwhenbronchiloseelasFcity&secreFons
puddleanddon’tdrainnormally.
Ø ChronicbronchiAs-InflammaFonofbronchipersisFngover
alongFme;typeofCOPD.InfecFonandsmokingare
factors.
Ø *CysAcfibrosis-inheriteddisorderofexocrineglandswhere
thickmucoussecreFonsforminresp.systemanddon’t
drainproperly.CausedbyageneFcmutaFonofagene.
Symptomsare;airwayobstrucFon,bronchiectasis,resp.
failure,insufficientsecreFonsofdigesFveenzymeswhich
leadstopoorgrowth.
*Atelectasis
Pathology
LungDisorders
•  Twoforms
•  Proximal
obstrucFonofdistal
airways
•  AccumulaFonsof
fluid,blood,orair
inthepleuralcavity
Pathology
PleuralDisorders
*Pneumothorax:Airgathersinthepleuralcavity
ClinicalProcedures
*Bronchoscopy:fiberopFcorrigidendoscope
insertedintothebronchialtubesfordiagnosis,
biopsy,orcollecFonofsecreFons
ClinicalProcedures
*EndotrachealintubaAon:placementoftubefrommouth
totracheatoestablishairway
ClinicalProcedures
*Thoracentesis:surgicalpunctureto
removefluidfrompleuralspace
ClinicalProcedures
*Tracheostomy:surgicalcreaFonofan
openingintothetracheathroughtheneck