Download Biology Notes: Origin of Life

Name: _________________________________________________ Date: _______________ Period: ________ Biology Notes: Origin of Life Directions: Fill in the blanks as we cover the topic in the PowerPoint. These notes correspond to textbook pages 368 ‐ 374 Origin of the Solar System • Earth is ________________________ to be ~_______ byo (billion years old) – Evidence: ______________________________ dating of rocks & meteors • Nebula Hypothesis: – Nebula: cloud of ____________& _____________ in space Additional Information & – ________________________ pulled much Questions? _________________together (Sun formed) – __________________ formed from _____________________ materials Ancient Earth: What was it like? • Atmosphere contents: – Ammonia, ____________________, _____________________, _______________ • Climate: – Extreme __________________ due to ___________________ impacts & _____________________ activity • Eventually Cooling: Water vapor _____________________________ (__________________ formed) Organic Molecules: Where did they come from? 1. Miller ‐ Urey Experiment • Hypothesis: Energy from _________________________ created ______________________ materials from _____________________ ingredients • Recall: Organic molecules include what element? ________________ - What are the 4 types of organic molecules? __________________________________________________ • Experimental Set‐Up: - Ammonia, _______________________, Methane, _________ gases added - __________________ added (simulate __________________) • Result: ___________________ created & later __________________ 2. Meteorite Hypothesis • Hypothesis: ____________________________ may have arrived on Earth through ___________________ or _________________ impacts. Early Cell Formation: How did we get cell membranes? • Lipid membrane hypothesis • Liposomes – Spheres of _________________________ – Can form around ____________________ molecules – Hypothesis: __________________________________________________? Additional Information & Questions? *note: there is another hypothesis, called Iron sulfide bubble hypothesis; however, the lipid membrane is more widely accepted. Early Genetic Material: Did DNA evolve from RNA? • A hypothesis _______________________that _______________ was the ______________ genetic material. • _______________________________ are RNA molecules that __________________ their own ________________________ • DNA needs ________________ to replicate _______________ Eukaryotic Cell Formation: How did we get eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic? • __________________________________is a relationship in which one ____________________lives ________________ the body of______________________. • ________________________ and _________________________ may have developed through _____________________________. Multicellular Life & Biodiversity • Evolution of ______________________________ led to increased diversity/_____________________. • ___________________ reproduction may have _________ to ______________________________life. Review 1. What is a nebula? 2. What does the nebula hypothesis try to explain? 3. What materials/ingredients did Miller & Urey use in their experiment? Why these and not other ingredients? 4. Why was Miller and Urey’s experiment of great importance? 5. How did eukaryotic cells form? 6. How would sexual reproduction lead to diversity and multicellular life?