Download Biochemistry

TMA Biology Notes
Biochemistry
Question 1. How is matter different from energy?
Matter – has mass and volume. The simplest form of matter is element. There are identified 118
elements on earth.
Energy – has no mass and volume. It is a property of matter that allows the matter to influence
other matter.
Kinetic Energy
Forms of Energy
Gravitational Potential
Energy
Sound Energy
Chemical Energy
Electrical Energy
Thermal Energy
Radiant Energy
Elastic Potential Energy
TMA Biology Notes
Question 2. How is understanding matter and energy involved in Biology?
All biological concepts are interactions between matter and energy. If you understand the
properties of matter and the elements as well as energy forms and transformation, it will be
easier to understand biological processes and concepts.
Question 3. What is the level of organization in Biology?
Level of organization is an approach of categorizing the structural make up of living things from
the simplest structure to the most complex.
Atoms
Cells
Molecules
TMA Biology Notes
Tissues
Organs
Organism
Organ systems
Question 4. What are biomolecules?
Biomolecules – organic molecules produced by living organisms. They consist predominantly of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.


Organic means carbon based molecule from living things
There are 4 types of biomolecules – carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid
TMA Biology Notes
Credit: By OpenStax College CC BY-SA 3.0
TMA Biology Notes
Credit: By OpenStax College CC BY-SA 3.0
TMA Biology Notes
Credit: By OpenStax College CC BY-SA 3.0
TMA Biology Notes
Credit: By OpenStax College CC BY-SA 3.0
TMA Biology Notes
Question 5. What are enzymes?
Enzymes – are protein molecules that serve as catalyst for chemical reactions in living
organisms without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change

Catalyst – a substance that speeds up chemical reactions
Enzyme activity is greatly affected by temperature, salinity, pH or acidity, and concentration
Question 6. How do enzymes affect chemical reactions in living organisms?
Enzymes lower the activation energy for the reaction

Activation energy is the energy required to start a reaction. Usually, it is higher than the
energy needed to sustain the reaction